The removal of nitrogen via the ANAMMOX process is a promising green wastewater treatment technology,with numerous benefits.The incessant studies on the ANAMMOX process over the years due to its long start-up and high...The removal of nitrogen via the ANAMMOX process is a promising green wastewater treatment technology,with numerous benefits.The incessant studies on the ANAMMOX process over the years due to its long start-up and high operational cost has positively influenced its technological advancement,even though at a rather slow pace.At the moment,relatively newANAMMOX technologies are being developedwith the goal of treating lowcarbon wastewater at low temperatures,tackling nitrite and nitrate accumulation and methane utilization from digestates while also recovering resources(phosphorus)in a sustainable manner.This review compares and contrasts the handful of ANAMMOX-based processes developed thus far with plausible solutions for addressing their respective bottlenecks hindering full-scale implementation.Ultimately,future prospects for advancing understanding of mechanisms and engineering application of ANAMMOX process are posited.As a whole,technological advances in process design and patents have greatly contributed to better understanding of the ANAMMOX process,which has greatly aided in the optimization and industrialization of the ANAMMOX process.This review is intended to provide researchers with an overview of the present state of research and technological development of the ANAMMOX process,thus serving as a guide for realizing energy autarkic future practical applications.展开更多
The effects of different chemical oxygen demand(COD)concentrations on the anammox granular sludge with Bamboo Charcoal(BC)addition were evaluated in UASB reactor.The results showed that the average total nitrogen(TN)r...The effects of different chemical oxygen demand(COD)concentrations on the anammox granular sludge with Bamboo Charcoal(BC)addition were evaluated in UASB reactor.The results showed that the average total nitrogen(TN)removal efficiency was reduced from 85.9%to 81.4%when COD concentration was increased from 50 to 150 mg/L.However,the TN removal efficiency of BC addition reactors was dramatically 3.1%-6.4%higher than that without BC under different COD concentrations.The average diameter of granular sludge was 0.13 mm higher than that without BC.The settling velocity was increased by elevated COD concentration,while the EPS and VSS/SS were increased with BC addition.The high-throughput Miseq sequencing analyses revealed that the bacterial diversity and richness were decreased under COD addition,and the Planctomycetes related to anammox bacteria were Candidatus Brocadia and Candidatus Kuenenia.The Metagenomic sequencing indicated that the abundance of denitrification related functional genes all increased with elevated COD,while the abundance of anammox related functional genes of decreased.The func-tional genes related to anammox was hydrazine synthase encoding genes(hzsA,hzsB and hzsB).The average relative abundance of hzs genes in the reactor with BC addition was higher than the control at COD concentrations of 50 mg/L and 150 mg/L.The functional genes of denitrification mediated by BC were higher than those without BC throughout the operation phase.It is interesting to note that BC addition greatly enriched the related func-tional genes of denitrification and anammox.展开更多
Nitrate(NO_(3)^(-))is widely found in wastewater,which is harmful to human health and water environmental.Electrochemical reduction can convert NO_(3)^(-)to high value-added ammonia(NH)3)/ammonium(NH_(4)^(+))for pollu...Nitrate(NO_(3)^(-))is widely found in wastewater,which is harmful to human health and water environmental.Electrochemical reduction can convert NO_(3)^(-)to high value-added ammonia(NH)3)/ammonium(NH_(4)^(+))for pollutant removal and resource recovery.Currently,electrochemical nitrate reduction to produce ammonia(ENRA)is mostly focused on the preparation of high-performance catalysts,while ignoring the prerequisite for industrial application as the stable operation and optimal regulation of the process.Therefore,the review focused on wastewater treatment,based on the mechanism of electrochemical nitrate reduction for ammonia production and reactor construction(reactor,power supply system),then summarized the operation control strategies(such as reduction potential,nitrate concentration,inorganic ions,p H)that should be noted for ENRA.Finally,the challenges(system structure,economy)and prospects(ammonia recovery process,construction of large-scale ENRA system,application of real wastewater)of the field as it moves towards commercialization were discussed.It is hoped that this review will facilitate the scaling up of ENRA in the wastewater treatment field.展开更多
To develop a cost-effective combined phytoremediation and biological process, a combined perennial ryegrass/artificial aquatic mat biofilm reactor was used to treat synthetic wastewater. Influent ammonium loading, ref...To develop a cost-effective combined phytoremediation and biological process, a combined perennial ryegrass/artificial aquatic mat biofilm reactor was used to treat synthetic wastewater. Influent ammonium loading, reflux ratio, hydraulic retention time （HRT） and temperature all had significant effects on the treatment efficiency. The results indicated that the effluent concentration of ammonium increased with increasing influent ammonium loading. The reactor temperature played an important role in the nitrification process. The ammonium removal efficiency significantly decreased from 80% to 30%-50% when the reactor temperatttre dropped to below 10℃. In addition, the optimal nitrogen removal condition was a reflux ratio of 2. The nitrate and ammonium concentration of the effluent were consistent with the HRT of the combined system. The chemical oxygen demand （COD） removal efficiency was at a high level during the whole experiment, being almost 80% after the start-up, and then mostly above 90%. The direct uptake of N by the perennial ryegrass accounted for 18.17% of the total N removal by the whole system. The perennial ryegrass absorption was a significant contributor to nitrogen removal in the combined system. The result＇illustrated that the combined perennial ryegrass/artificial aquatic mat biofilm reactor demonstrated good performance in ammonium, total N and COD removal.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.51508366)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (No.BK20201450)the Jiangsu Qinglan Project,Kunshan Science and Technology Planning Project (No.KSF202108).
文摘The removal of nitrogen via the ANAMMOX process is a promising green wastewater treatment technology,with numerous benefits.The incessant studies on the ANAMMOX process over the years due to its long start-up and high operational cost has positively influenced its technological advancement,even though at a rather slow pace.At the moment,relatively newANAMMOX technologies are being developedwith the goal of treating lowcarbon wastewater at low temperatures,tackling nitrite and nitrate accumulation and methane utilization from digestates while also recovering resources(phosphorus)in a sustainable manner.This review compares and contrasts the handful of ANAMMOX-based processes developed thus far with plausible solutions for addressing their respective bottlenecks hindering full-scale implementation.Ultimately,future prospects for advancing understanding of mechanisms and engineering application of ANAMMOX process are posited.As a whole,technological advances in process design and patents have greatly contributed to better understanding of the ANAMMOX process,which has greatly aided in the optimization and industrialization of the ANAMMOX process.This review is intended to provide researchers with an overview of the present state of research and technological development of the ANAMMOX process,thus serving as a guide for realizing energy autarkic future practical applications.
基金supported by the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (No. 2020M671400)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (No. BK20201450)+3 种基金the Jiangsu Qing Lan ProjectSuzhou Science and Technology Planning Project (Nos.SS202016 and SS2019022)the Opening Fund of Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering(No. Zd1804)the Graduate Research Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province (No. KYCX19_2030)
文摘The effects of different chemical oxygen demand(COD)concentrations on the anammox granular sludge with Bamboo Charcoal(BC)addition were evaluated in UASB reactor.The results showed that the average total nitrogen(TN)removal efficiency was reduced from 85.9%to 81.4%when COD concentration was increased from 50 to 150 mg/L.However,the TN removal efficiency of BC addition reactors was dramatically 3.1%-6.4%higher than that without BC under different COD concentrations.The average diameter of granular sludge was 0.13 mm higher than that without BC.The settling velocity was increased by elevated COD concentration,while the EPS and VSS/SS were increased with BC addition.The high-throughput Miseq sequencing analyses revealed that the bacterial diversity and richness were decreased under COD addition,and the Planctomycetes related to anammox bacteria were Candidatus Brocadia and Candidatus Kuenenia.The Metagenomic sequencing indicated that the abundance of denitrification related functional genes all increased with elevated COD,while the abundance of anammox related functional genes of decreased.The func-tional genes related to anammox was hydrazine synthase encoding genes(hzsA,hzsB and hzsB).The average relative abundance of hzs genes in the reactor with BC addition was higher than the control at COD concentrations of 50 mg/L and 150 mg/L.The functional genes of denitrification mediated by BC were higher than those without BC throughout the operation phase.It is interesting to note that BC addition greatly enriched the related func-tional genes of denitrification and anammox.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51508366)Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(No.BK20201450)+1 种基金Jiangsu Qinglan Project,Suzhou Science and Technology Planning Project(No.SS202016)Kunshan Science and Technology Planning Project(No.KSF202108)。
文摘Nitrate(NO_(3)^(-))is widely found in wastewater,which is harmful to human health and water environmental.Electrochemical reduction can convert NO_(3)^(-)to high value-added ammonia(NH)3)/ammonium(NH_(4)^(+))for pollutant removal and resource recovery.Currently,electrochemical nitrate reduction to produce ammonia(ENRA)is mostly focused on the preparation of high-performance catalysts,while ignoring the prerequisite for industrial application as the stable operation and optimal regulation of the process.Therefore,the review focused on wastewater treatment,based on the mechanism of electrochemical nitrate reduction for ammonia production and reactor construction(reactor,power supply system),then summarized the operation control strategies(such as reduction potential,nitrate concentration,inorganic ions,p H)that should be noted for ENRA.Finally,the challenges(system structure,economy)and prospects(ammonia recovery process,construction of large-scale ENRA system,application of real wastewater)of the field as it moves towards commercialization were discussed.It is hoped that this review will facilitate the scaling up of ENRA in the wastewater treatment field.
基金supported by the China National Critical Project for Science and Technology on Water Pollution Prevention and Control (No. 2008ZX07101-006)
文摘To develop a cost-effective combined phytoremediation and biological process, a combined perennial ryegrass/artificial aquatic mat biofilm reactor was used to treat synthetic wastewater. Influent ammonium loading, reflux ratio, hydraulic retention time （HRT） and temperature all had significant effects on the treatment efficiency. The results indicated that the effluent concentration of ammonium increased with increasing influent ammonium loading. The reactor temperature played an important role in the nitrification process. The ammonium removal efficiency significantly decreased from 80% to 30%-50% when the reactor temperatttre dropped to below 10℃. In addition, the optimal nitrogen removal condition was a reflux ratio of 2. The nitrate and ammonium concentration of the effluent were consistent with the HRT of the combined system. The chemical oxygen demand （COD） removal efficiency was at a high level during the whole experiment, being almost 80% after the start-up, and then mostly above 90%. The direct uptake of N by the perennial ryegrass accounted for 18.17% of the total N removal by the whole system. The perennial ryegrass absorption was a significant contributor to nitrogen removal in the combined system. The result＇illustrated that the combined perennial ryegrass/artificial aquatic mat biofilm reactor demonstrated good performance in ammonium, total N and COD removal.
