The development of biomimetic chloroplasts offers significant potential in addressing global energy and environmental challenges.Traditional droplet-based models are limited by transmembrane transport inefficiencies,l...The development of biomimetic chloroplasts offers significant potential in addressing global energy and environmental challenges.Traditional droplet-based models are limited by transmembrane transport inefficiencies,leading to the accumulation of aqueous products that severely hinder reaction performance.In this work,we present a biomimetic chloroplast system that integrates light-dependent and lightindependent reactions,reaction compartments,and selectively permeable interfaces,fabricated using a biphasic microfluidic platform.The permeable interface facilitates continuous substrate–product exchange,mitigating product inhibition and side reactions,thus enhancing reaction efficiency.Furthermore,a quartz spiral tube was engineered to amplify Dean vortex effects,improving mass transfer.This system exhibited a nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide regeneration efficiency during lightdependent reactions that was 5.52 times higher than that of conventional slurry reactors.In the light-independent reaction,the energy conversion efficiency for the transformation ofα-ketoglutaric acid to L-glutamic acid reached 1.45 times that of natural photosynthesis.As the first comprehensive integration of photosynthetic processes within artificial chloroplasts,this work combines biological mechanisms with engineered components to establish a transformative platform for efficient energy conversion and directional biosynthesis.This breakthrough advances the field of photocatalysis and bioinspired technologies,with wide-reaching implications for sustainable energy and synthetic biology applications.展开更多
Two-pyroxene-bearing granulites were discovered for the first time in the Hercynian-Indosinian metamorphic belt of the southern Qinling Mountains. The granulites occur in the lower part of the Fuping complex and are d...Two-pyroxene-bearing granulites were discovered for the first time in the Hercynian-Indosinian metamorphic belt of the southern Qinling Mountains. The granulites occur in the lower part of the Fuping complex and are dominated by intermediate-acidic rocks intercalated with a small amount of bands and lenses of basic granulites. The main metamorphic minerals include orthopyroxene, clinopyroxene, biotite, plagioclase and quartz, and orthopyroxenes are often retrogressively transformed into amphiboles. The metamorphic conditions have been estimated to be %T%=720-780℃ and %P%=0.6 GPa. The granulite-bearing Fuping complex probably belongs to early Proterozoic in age. Whether it occurs as the crystalline basement of the southern Qinling Hercynian-Indosinian orogenic belt or as a thrusted slice in the collisional process needs further study.展开更多
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Number:31901057General Science ProgramofWuxi Healthcare Commission,Grant/Award Number:M202347+5 种基金Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,Grant/Award Numbers:2682016CX101,2682025ZTPY047Foundation for Outstanding Young Scientist in Shandong Province,Grant/Award Number:ZR2024YQ064Shandong Province Science and Technology Small and Medium Enterprises Innovation Capacity Improvement Project,Grant/Award Number:2024TSGC008Shandong Provincial Key Research and Development Project,Grant/Award Numbers:2020CXGC011304,2022CXGC020206TaiShan Scholars,Grant/Award Number:tsqn202408256Qilu University of Technology(Shandong Academy of Sciences),Grant/Award Number:2023JBZ03。
文摘The development of biomimetic chloroplasts offers significant potential in addressing global energy and environmental challenges.Traditional droplet-based models are limited by transmembrane transport inefficiencies,leading to the accumulation of aqueous products that severely hinder reaction performance.In this work,we present a biomimetic chloroplast system that integrates light-dependent and lightindependent reactions,reaction compartments,and selectively permeable interfaces,fabricated using a biphasic microfluidic platform.The permeable interface facilitates continuous substrate–product exchange,mitigating product inhibition and side reactions,thus enhancing reaction efficiency.Furthermore,a quartz spiral tube was engineered to amplify Dean vortex effects,improving mass transfer.This system exhibited a nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide regeneration efficiency during lightdependent reactions that was 5.52 times higher than that of conventional slurry reactors.In the light-independent reaction,the energy conversion efficiency for the transformation ofα-ketoglutaric acid to L-glutamic acid reached 1.45 times that of natural photosynthesis.As the first comprehensive integration of photosynthetic processes within artificial chloroplasts,this work combines biological mechanisms with engineered components to establish a transformative platform for efficient energy conversion and directional biosynthesis.This breakthrough advances the field of photocatalysis and bioinspired technologies,with wide-reaching implications for sustainable energy and synthetic biology applications.
文摘Two-pyroxene-bearing granulites were discovered for the first time in the Hercynian-Indosinian metamorphic belt of the southern Qinling Mountains. The granulites occur in the lower part of the Fuping complex and are dominated by intermediate-acidic rocks intercalated with a small amount of bands and lenses of basic granulites. The main metamorphic minerals include orthopyroxene, clinopyroxene, biotite, plagioclase and quartz, and orthopyroxenes are often retrogressively transformed into amphiboles. The metamorphic conditions have been estimated to be %T%=720-780℃ and %P%=0.6 GPa. The granulite-bearing Fuping complex probably belongs to early Proterozoic in age. Whether it occurs as the crystalline basement of the southern Qinling Hercynian-Indosinian orogenic belt or as a thrusted slice in the collisional process needs further study.
