In this work, we explore various relevant aspects of the Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics regarding Burger's equation. The stability, precision, and efficiency of the algorithm are investigated in terms of differen...In this work, we explore various relevant aspects of the Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics regarding Burger's equation. The stability, precision, and efficiency of the algorithm are investigated in terms of different implementations.In particular, we argue that the boundary condition plays an essential role in the stability of numerical implementation.Besides, the issue is shown to be closely associated with the initial particle distribution and the interpolation scheme.Among others, we introduce an interpolation scheme termed symmetrized finite particle method. The main advantage of the scheme is that its implementation does not involve any derivative of the kernel function. Concerning the equation of motion, the calculations are carried out using two distinct scenarios, where the particles are chosen to be either stationary or dynamically evolved. The obtained results are compared with those obtained by using the standard finite difference method for spatial derivatives. Our numerical results indicate subtle differences between different schemes regarding the choice of boundary condition. In particular, a novel type of instability is observed where the regular distribution is compromised as the particles start to traverse each other. Implications and further discussions of the present study are also addressed.展开更多
Sulfur doped carbonaceous materials are promising anodes for potassium-ion batteries because of their ability to bridge active sites and induce C/S electron coupling,resulting in increased ion storage capacitance Howe...Sulfur doped carbonaceous materials are promising anodes for potassium-ion batteries because of their ability to bridge active sites and induce C/S electron coupling,resulting in increased ion storage capacitance However,the large potassium ions could cause significant volume expansion and structure collapse during operation in sulfur doped carbonaceous anodes,which lead to rapidly capacity sacrifice during long-term cycling.Nanopore design for anchoring sulfur atom in carbon skeleton is a novel way to alleviate the structure collapse and maintain the cycling stability.Therefore,this study developed a controlled nanopore and sulfur doped carbon sphere structure(S-NPHCSs).In potassium-ion batteries S-NPHCSs anode demonstrated exceptional performance with a high reversible capacity of 247 mAh·g^(–1)after 50 cycles at 0.2 A·g^(–1)and delivered a long cycle stability of 600 cycles at a high current density of 1.0 A·g^(–1).Interconnected nanopores and doped sulfur structure not only expand the accumulation space and offer ample active sites for diffusion and adsorption of potassium ions,but also build stable channels through nanopore structure to ensure the cyclic stability.This finding provides a fundamental theory for designing nanopore structures and introducing sulfur doped carbonaceous materials to enhance capacitive potassium storage and long cycle stability.展开更多
Major depressive disorder(MDD)with suicidal ideation or behaviour(MDSI)is associated with an increased risk of future suicide.The timely identification of suicide risk in patients with MDD and the subsequent implement...Major depressive disorder(MDD)with suicidal ideation or behaviour(MDSI)is associated with an increased risk of future suicide.The timely identification of suicide risk in patients with MDD and the subsequent implementation of interventions are crucially important to reduce their suffering and save lives.However,the early diagnosis of MDSI remains challenging across the world,as no objective diagnostic method is currently available.In China,the challenge is greater due to the social stigma associated with mental health problems,leading many patients to avoid reporting their suicidal ideation.Additionally,the neural mechanisms underlying MDSl are stll unclear,which may hamper the development of effective interventions.We thus conducted this narrative review to summarise the existing neuroimaging studies of MDSI in Chinese patients,including those involving structural magnetic resonance imaging(MRI),functional MRl,neuronal electrophysiological source imaging of the brain dynamics with electroencephalography and magnetoencephalography.By synthesising the current research efforts in neuroimaging studies of Chinese patients with MDSl,we identified potential objective neuroimaging biomarkers,which may aid in the early identification of patients with MDSI who are at high suicide-related risk.Our findings also offer insights into the complex neural mechanisms underlying MDSI and suggest promising therapeutic targets.Furthermore,we propose future directions to discover novel imaging signatures,improve patient care,as well as help psychiatrists and clinical investigators plan their future research.展开更多
The typical metal chloride-graphite intercalation compounds(MC-GICs)inherit intercalation capacity,high charge conductivity,and high tap density from graphite,and these are considered as one of the promising alternati...The typical metal chloride-graphite intercalation compounds(MC-GICs)inherit intercalation capacity,high charge conductivity,and high tap density from graphite,and these are considered as one of the promising alternatives of graphite anode in rechargeable metal-ion batteries(MIBs).Notably,the special interlayer decoupling effects and the introduction of extra conversion capacity by metal chloride could greatly break the capacity limitation of graphite anodes and achieve higher energy density in MIBs.The optimization of both graphite host and metal chloride species with specific structures endows MC-GICs with design feasibility for different application requirements of different MIBs,such as several times the actual capacity compared to graphite anodes,rapid migration of large carriers,and other properties.Herein,a brief review has been provided with the latest understanding of conductivity characteristics and energy storage mechanisms of MC-GICs and their interesting performance features of full potential application in rechargeable MIBs.Based on the existing research of MC-GICs,necessary improvements and prospects in the near future have been put forward.展开更多
In this study,we employ the maximum likelihood estimator(MLE)to investigate the relationship between initial-state fluctuations and final-state anisotropies in relativistic heavy-ion collisions.The granularity of the ...In this study,we employ the maximum likelihood estimator(MLE)to investigate the relationship between initial-state fluctuations and final-state anisotropies in relativistic heavy-ion collisions.The granularity of the initial state,reflecting fluctuations in the initial conditions(ICs),is modeled using a peripheral tube model.In addition to differential flow,our analysis focuses on a class of more sensitive observables known as flow factorization.Specifically,we evaluate these observables using the MLE,an asymptotically normal and unbiased tool in standard statistical inference.Our findings show that the resulting differential flow remains essentially unchanged for different ICs defined by the peripheral tube model.The resulting harmonic coefficients obtained using the MLE and multiparticle cumulants are found to be consistent.However,the calculated flow factorizations show significant variations depending on both the IC and estimators,which is attributed to their sensitivity to initial-state fluctuations.Thus,we argue that the MLE offers a compelling alternative to standard methods,such as multi-particle correlators,particularly for sensitive observables constructed from higher moments of the azimuthal distribution.展开更多
基金financial support from Brazilian funding agencies Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq)+2 种基金Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior (CAPES)National Natural Science Foundation of China (NNSFC) under Grant Nos.11805166 and 11873001Nature Science Fund of Chongqing under Grant No.cstc2018jcyjAX0767
文摘In this work, we explore various relevant aspects of the Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics regarding Burger's equation. The stability, precision, and efficiency of the algorithm are investigated in terms of different implementations.In particular, we argue that the boundary condition plays an essential role in the stability of numerical implementation.Besides, the issue is shown to be closely associated with the initial particle distribution and the interpolation scheme.Among others, we introduce an interpolation scheme termed symmetrized finite particle method. The main advantage of the scheme is that its implementation does not involve any derivative of the kernel function. Concerning the equation of motion, the calculations are carried out using two distinct scenarios, where the particles are chosen to be either stationary or dynamically evolved. The obtained results are compared with those obtained by using the standard finite difference method for spatial derivatives. Our numerical results indicate subtle differences between different schemes regarding the choice of boundary condition. In particular, a novel type of instability is observed where the regular distribution is compromised as the particles start to traverse each other. Implications and further discussions of the present study are also addressed.
基金supported by the Key R&D Plan of Jihua Laboratory(Nos.X200191TL200 and X220301XS220)Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(No.2022A1515110052)+1 种基金Foshan Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Nos.X221071MS210)Numerical computations were performed on Hefei advanced computing center。
文摘Sulfur doped carbonaceous materials are promising anodes for potassium-ion batteries because of their ability to bridge active sites and induce C/S electron coupling,resulting in increased ion storage capacitance However,the large potassium ions could cause significant volume expansion and structure collapse during operation in sulfur doped carbonaceous anodes,which lead to rapidly capacity sacrifice during long-term cycling.Nanopore design for anchoring sulfur atom in carbon skeleton is a novel way to alleviate the structure collapse and maintain the cycling stability.Therefore,this study developed a controlled nanopore and sulfur doped carbon sphere structure(S-NPHCSs).In potassium-ion batteries S-NPHCSs anode demonstrated exceptional performance with a high reversible capacity of 247 mAh·g^(–1)after 50 cycles at 0.2 A·g^(–1)and delivered a long cycle stability of 600 cycles at a high current density of 1.0 A·g^(–1).Interconnected nanopores and doped sulfur structure not only expand the accumulation space and offer ample active sites for diffusion and adsorption of potassium ions,but also build stable channels through nanopore structure to ensure the cyclic stability.This finding provides a fundamental theory for designing nanopore structures and introducing sulfur doped carbonaceous materials to enhance capacitive potassium storage and long cycle stability.
文摘Major depressive disorder(MDD)with suicidal ideation or behaviour(MDSI)is associated with an increased risk of future suicide.The timely identification of suicide risk in patients with MDD and the subsequent implementation of interventions are crucially important to reduce their suffering and save lives.However,the early diagnosis of MDSI remains challenging across the world,as no objective diagnostic method is currently available.In China,the challenge is greater due to the social stigma associated with mental health problems,leading many patients to avoid reporting their suicidal ideation.Additionally,the neural mechanisms underlying MDSl are stll unclear,which may hamper the development of effective interventions.We thus conducted this narrative review to summarise the existing neuroimaging studies of MDSI in Chinese patients,including those involving structural magnetic resonance imaging(MRI),functional MRl,neuronal electrophysiological source imaging of the brain dynamics with electroencephalography and magnetoencephalography.By synthesising the current research efforts in neuroimaging studies of Chinese patients with MDSl,we identified potential objective neuroimaging biomarkers,which may aid in the early identification of patients with MDSI who are at high suicide-related risk.Our findings also offer insights into the complex neural mechanisms underlying MDSI and suggest promising therapeutic targets.Furthermore,we propose future directions to discover novel imaging signatures,improve patient care,as well as help psychiatrists and clinical investigators plan their future research.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Number:22309062Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation,Grant/Award Number:2022A1515110052Jihua Laboratory,Grant/Award Numbers:X200191TL200,X220301XS220。
文摘The typical metal chloride-graphite intercalation compounds(MC-GICs)inherit intercalation capacity,high charge conductivity,and high tap density from graphite,and these are considered as one of the promising alternatives of graphite anode in rechargeable metal-ion batteries(MIBs).Notably,the special interlayer decoupling effects and the introduction of extra conversion capacity by metal chloride could greatly break the capacity limitation of graphite anodes and achieve higher energy density in MIBs.The optimization of both graphite host and metal chloride species with specific structures endows MC-GICs with design feasibility for different application requirements of different MIBs,such as several times the actual capacity compared to graphite anodes,rapid migration of large carriers,and other properties.Herein,a brief review has been provided with the latest understanding of conductivity characteristics and energy storage mechanisms of MC-GICs and their interesting performance features of full potential application in rechargeable MIBs.Based on the existing research of MC-GICs,necessary improvements and prospects in the near future have been put forward.
基金under the project Institutos Nacionais de Ciências e Tecnologia-Física Nuclear e Aplicacoes(INCT/FNA)Proc.(464898/2014-5)Supported by the Center for Scientific Computing(NCC/GridUNESP)of Sao Paulo State University(UNESP)+6 种基金the funding from the Physics Master Teacher Studio of Guangsha Universitythe support of the Postgraduate Research&Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province(KYCX22-3453)the support of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(12347101)financial support from Brazilian agencies Fundacao de AmparoàPesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo(FAPESP)Fundacao de AmparoàPesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro(FAPERJ)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico(CNPq)Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior(CAPES)。
文摘In this study,we employ the maximum likelihood estimator(MLE)to investigate the relationship between initial-state fluctuations and final-state anisotropies in relativistic heavy-ion collisions.The granularity of the initial state,reflecting fluctuations in the initial conditions(ICs),is modeled using a peripheral tube model.In addition to differential flow,our analysis focuses on a class of more sensitive observables known as flow factorization.Specifically,we evaluate these observables using the MLE,an asymptotically normal and unbiased tool in standard statistical inference.Our findings show that the resulting differential flow remains essentially unchanged for different ICs defined by the peripheral tube model.The resulting harmonic coefficients obtained using the MLE and multiparticle cumulants are found to be consistent.However,the calculated flow factorizations show significant variations depending on both the IC and estimators,which is attributed to their sensitivity to initial-state fluctuations.Thus,we argue that the MLE offers a compelling alternative to standard methods,such as multi-particle correlators,particularly for sensitive observables constructed from higher moments of the azimuthal distribution.
