Autoinflammatory syndrome(AIS)is characterized by periodic inflammation in the absence of infection,autoantibodies or self-reactive lymphocytes.Therefore,AIS has defining characteristics that differ from those of auto...Autoinflammatory syndrome(AIS)is characterized by periodic inflammation in the absence of infection,autoantibodies or self-reactive lymphocytes.Therefore,AIS has defining characteristics that differ from those of autoimmune diseases.The sterile inflammation observed in AIS is likely caused by the dysregulation of the innate immune system.However,the etiologies and physiopathologies of these autoinflammatory disorders remain ambiguous.Uncontrolled interleukin(IL)-1 biosynthesis,which is initiated by danger signals in the inflammasome or via nucleic acid-sensing pathways,has been suggested to have a critical role in AISs such as Behçet’s disease,Familial Mediterranean fever and Cryopyrin-associated periodic syndrome.展开更多
In 1973,Dr.Ralph Steinman first described a new cell type with a tree-like shape in the immune system and named it a“dendritic cell”(DC).Following this discovery,numerous studies confirmed the key role of DCs as ant...In 1973,Dr.Ralph Steinman first described a new cell type with a tree-like shape in the immune system and named it a“dendritic cell”(DC).Following this discovery,numerous studies confirmed the key role of DCs as antigen-presenting cells(APCs)in controlling immune responses,and then,Dr.Steinman won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2011.1 When we have greater understanding of DC biology,more DC knowledge will be applied in medicine.DC-based therapies have been developed to treat various diseases,and DC vaccines for cancer therapy are the most prominent.In contrast to enhancing immunity,another type of DC vaccine is used to ameliorate autoimmune diseases and is called a“tolerogenic DC”vaccine.2 These discoveries suggest a“ying-yang”regulation of DCs in immune homeostasis.One theory is that DC precursors can differentiate into specialized subsets to initiate various immune responses.However,it is also possible that one DC subset may exert different functions based on external factors.展开更多
文摘Autoinflammatory syndrome(AIS)is characterized by periodic inflammation in the absence of infection,autoantibodies or self-reactive lymphocytes.Therefore,AIS has defining characteristics that differ from those of autoimmune diseases.The sterile inflammation observed in AIS is likely caused by the dysregulation of the innate immune system.However,the etiologies and physiopathologies of these autoinflammatory disorders remain ambiguous.Uncontrolled interleukin(IL)-1 biosynthesis,which is initiated by danger signals in the inflammasome or via nucleic acid-sensing pathways,has been suggested to have a critical role in AISs such as Behçet’s disease,Familial Mediterranean fever and Cryopyrin-associated periodic syndrome.
文摘In 1973,Dr.Ralph Steinman first described a new cell type with a tree-like shape in the immune system and named it a“dendritic cell”(DC).Following this discovery,numerous studies confirmed the key role of DCs as antigen-presenting cells(APCs)in controlling immune responses,and then,Dr.Steinman won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2011.1 When we have greater understanding of DC biology,more DC knowledge will be applied in medicine.DC-based therapies have been developed to treat various diseases,and DC vaccines for cancer therapy are the most prominent.In contrast to enhancing immunity,another type of DC vaccine is used to ameliorate autoimmune diseases and is called a“tolerogenic DC”vaccine.2 These discoveries suggest a“ying-yang”regulation of DCs in immune homeostasis.One theory is that DC precursors can differentiate into specialized subsets to initiate various immune responses.However,it is also possible that one DC subset may exert different functions based on external factors.
