Field irrigation experiments were conducted in the Hetao Irrigation District of Inner Mongolia,China,to study the effects of irrigation regimes on salt leaching in the soil profile.The data were used to calibrate and ...Field irrigation experiments were conducted in the Hetao Irrigation District of Inner Mongolia,China,to study the effects of irrigation regimes on salt leaching in the soil profile.The data were used to calibrate and validate the HYDRUS-1D model.The results demonstrated that the model can accurately simulate the water and salt dynamics in the soil profile.The HYDRUS-1D model was then used to simulate 15 distinct irrigation scenarios.The results of the simulation indicated that irrigation amount did not have a significant effect on soil water storage but that increases in irrigation amount could accelerate salt leaching.However,when the irrigation amount was larger than 20 cm,the acceleration was not obvious.Compared with irrigating only once,intermittent irrigation had a better effect on increasing soil water storage and salt leaching,but excessive irrigation times and intervals did not improve salt leaching.In addition,we found that the irrigation regime of 20 cm,irrigated twice at 1-d intervals,might significantly increase salt leaching in the plough layer and decrease the risks of deep seepage and groundwater contamination.展开更多
The 10National Congress of Genetic Society of China(GSC)was held on November 26th?29th,2018 in Nanjing,where GSC was established and the First National Congress of GSC was held in 1978.This congress was sponsored by G...The 10National Congress of Genetic Society of China(GSC)was held on November 26th?29th,2018 in Nanjing,where GSC was established and the First National Congress of GSC was held in 1978.This congress was sponsored by GSC,co-sponsored by Genetics Society of Jiangsu Province,Nanjing Agricultural University,State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm展开更多
Non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) technology has recently been widely integrated into multi-access edge computing (MEC) to support task offloading in industrial wireless networks (IWNs) with limited radio resource...Non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) technology has recently been widely integrated into multi-access edge computing (MEC) to support task offloading in industrial wireless networks (IWNs) with limited radio resources. This paper minimizes the system overhead regarding task processing delay and energy consumption for the IWN with hybrid NOMA and orthogonal multiple access (OMA) schemes. Specifically, we formulate the system overhead minimization (SOM) problem by considering the limited computation and communication resources and NOMA efficiency. To solve the complex mixed-integer nonconvex problem, we combine the multi-agent twin delayed deep deterministic policy gradient (MATD3) and convex optimization, namely MATD3-CO, for iterative optimization. Specifically, we first decouple SOM into two sub-problems, i.e., joint sub-channel allocation and task offloading sub-problem, and computation resource allocation sub-problem. Then, we propose MATD3 to optimize the sub-channel allocation and task offloading ratio, and employ the convex optimization to allocate the computation resource with a closed-form expression derived by the Karush-Kuhn-Tucker (KKT) conditions. The solution is obtained by iteratively solving these two sub-problems. The experimental results indicate that the MATD3-CO scheme, when compared to the benchmark schemes, significantly decreases system overhead with respect to both delay and energy consumption.展开更多
在硅酸盐溶液中采用等离子体电解氧化技术在60%SiCP(体积分数)/2009铝基复合材料表面制备陶瓷膜。研究氧化膜的显微组织、成分、润湿性及其耐腐蚀性能,探讨SiC颗粒表面火花放电的产生机理。结果表明,来自硅酸盐溶液的不溶性化合物(SiO_(...在硅酸盐溶液中采用等离子体电解氧化技术在60%SiCP(体积分数)/2009铝基复合材料表面制备陶瓷膜。研究氧化膜的显微组织、成分、润湿性及其耐腐蚀性能,探讨SiC颗粒表面火花放电的产生机理。结果表明,来自硅酸盐溶液的不溶性化合物(SiO_(2))使SiC颗粒表面产生火花放电,Al-Si-O化合物中的缺陷为SiC颗粒表面放电电流的传导提供优先路径。1200s时铝基复合材料表面形成5.5μm厚的均匀膜层,膜层的表面自由能在40s时达到最大值37.10 m J/cm^(2),并在1200 s时下降到25.95 m J/cm^(2)。此外,等离子体电解氧化处理可以显著提高复合材料的耐蚀性。展开更多
Selective catalytic reduction technology using NH3 as a reducing agent（NH3-SCR） is an effective control method to remove nitrogen oxides. TiO2-supported vanadium oxide catalysts with different levels of Ce and Sb mo...Selective catalytic reduction technology using NH3 as a reducing agent（NH3-SCR） is an effective control method to remove nitrogen oxides. TiO2-supported vanadium oxide catalysts with different levels of Ce and Sb modification were prepared by an impregnation method and were characterized by X-ray diffractometer（XRD）, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller（BET）, Transmission electron microscopy（TEM）, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy（FT-IR）, UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy（UV-Vis DRS）, Raman and Hydrogen temperature-programmed reduction（H2-TPR）. The catalytic activities of V5 CexS by/TiO2 catalysts for denitration were investigated in a fixed bed flow microreactor. The results showed that cerium, vanadium and antimony oxide as the active components were well dispersed on TiO2, and the catalysts exhibited a large number of d-d electronic transitions, which were helpful to strengthen SCR reactivity. The V5 CexS by/TiO2 catalysts exhibited a good low temperature NH3-SCR catalytic activity. In the temperature range of 210 to 400℃, the V5 CexS by/TiO2 catalysts gave NO conversion rates above 90%. For the best V5Ce35Sb2/TiO2 catalyst, at a reaction temperature of 210℃, the NO conversion rate had already reached 90%. The catalysts had different catalytic activity with different Ce loadings. With the increase of Ce loading, the NO conversion rate also increased.展开更多
1.Introduction Industrial automation is undergoing a significant innovation as information,communication,and operation technologies are deeply integrating with each other.Following this trend,industrial wireless contr...1.Introduction Industrial automation is undergoing a significant innovation as information,communication,and operation technologies are deeply integrating with each other.Following this trend,industrial wireless control networks(IWCNs)are becoming increasingly attractive to industrial automation since they can help speed up production efficiency,reduce cost,enhance safety,and finally realize intelligent manufacturing[1].展开更多
基金supported by the National"Twelfth Five-Year"Plan for Science & Technology Support Program(2011BAD25B07)the State Natural Science Fund(51279142)the Fundamental Research Fund for the Central Universities of the Ministry of Science and Technology,China.(2012206020206)
文摘Field irrigation experiments were conducted in the Hetao Irrigation District of Inner Mongolia,China,to study the effects of irrigation regimes on salt leaching in the soil profile.The data were used to calibrate and validate the HYDRUS-1D model.The results demonstrated that the model can accurately simulate the water and salt dynamics in the soil profile.The HYDRUS-1D model was then used to simulate 15 distinct irrigation scenarios.The results of the simulation indicated that irrigation amount did not have a significant effect on soil water storage but that increases in irrigation amount could accelerate salt leaching.However,when the irrigation amount was larger than 20 cm,the acceleration was not obvious.Compared with irrigating only once,intermittent irrigation had a better effect on increasing soil water storage and salt leaching,but excessive irrigation times and intervals did not improve salt leaching.In addition,we found that the irrigation regime of 20 cm,irrigated twice at 1-d intervals,might significantly increase salt leaching in the plough layer and decrease the risks of deep seepage and groundwater contamination.
文摘The 10National Congress of Genetic Society of China(GSC)was held on November 26th?29th,2018 in Nanjing,where GSC was established and the First National Congress of GSC was held in 1978.This congress was sponsored by GSC,co-sponsored by Genetics Society of Jiangsu Province,Nanjing Agricultural University,State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grants 92267108,62173322 and 61821005the Science and Technology Program of Liaoning Province under Grants 2023JH3/10200004 and 2022JH25/10100005.
文摘Non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) technology has recently been widely integrated into multi-access edge computing (MEC) to support task offloading in industrial wireless networks (IWNs) with limited radio resources. This paper minimizes the system overhead regarding task processing delay and energy consumption for the IWN with hybrid NOMA and orthogonal multiple access (OMA) schemes. Specifically, we formulate the system overhead minimization (SOM) problem by considering the limited computation and communication resources and NOMA efficiency. To solve the complex mixed-integer nonconvex problem, we combine the multi-agent twin delayed deep deterministic policy gradient (MATD3) and convex optimization, namely MATD3-CO, for iterative optimization. Specifically, we first decouple SOM into two sub-problems, i.e., joint sub-channel allocation and task offloading sub-problem, and computation resource allocation sub-problem. Then, we propose MATD3 to optimize the sub-channel allocation and task offloading ratio, and employ the convex optimization to allocate the computation resource with a closed-form expression derived by the Karush-Kuhn-Tucker (KKT) conditions. The solution is obtained by iteratively solving these two sub-problems. The experimental results indicate that the MATD3-CO scheme, when compared to the benchmark schemes, significantly decreases system overhead with respect to both delay and energy consumption.
基金sponsored by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.12105017,51671032)Beijing Municipal Natural Science Foundation,China(No.2172029)。
文摘在硅酸盐溶液中采用等离子体电解氧化技术在60%SiCP(体积分数)/2009铝基复合材料表面制备陶瓷膜。研究氧化膜的显微组织、成分、润湿性及其耐腐蚀性能,探讨SiC颗粒表面火花放电的产生机理。结果表明,来自硅酸盐溶液的不溶性化合物(SiO_(2))使SiC颗粒表面产生火花放电,Al-Si-O化合物中的缺陷为SiC颗粒表面放电电流的传导提供优先路径。1200s时铝基复合材料表面形成5.5μm厚的均匀膜层,膜层的表面自由能在40s时达到最大值37.10 m J/cm^(2),并在1200 s时下降到25.95 m J/cm^(2)。此外,等离子体电解氧化处理可以显著提高复合材料的耐蚀性。
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 21376261, 21173270)the Beijing Natural Science Foundation (2142027)+1 种基金Doctor select Foundation (No. 20130007110007)the National Hi-Tech Research and Development Program (863) of China (No. 2013AA065302)
文摘Selective catalytic reduction technology using NH3 as a reducing agent（NH3-SCR） is an effective control method to remove nitrogen oxides. TiO2-supported vanadium oxide catalysts with different levels of Ce and Sb modification were prepared by an impregnation method and were characterized by X-ray diffractometer（XRD）, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller（BET）, Transmission electron microscopy（TEM）, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy（FT-IR）, UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy（UV-Vis DRS）, Raman and Hydrogen temperature-programmed reduction（H2-TPR）. The catalytic activities of V5 CexS by/TiO2 catalysts for denitration were investigated in a fixed bed flow microreactor. The results showed that cerium, vanadium and antimony oxide as the active components were well dispersed on TiO2, and the catalysts exhibited a large number of d-d electronic transitions, which were helpful to strengthen SCR reactivity. The V5 CexS by/TiO2 catalysts exhibited a good low temperature NH3-SCR catalytic activity. In the temperature range of 210 to 400℃, the V5 CexS by/TiO2 catalysts gave NO conversion rates above 90%. For the best V5Ce35Sb2/TiO2 catalyst, at a reaction temperature of 210℃, the NO conversion rate had already reached 90%. The catalysts had different catalytic activity with different Ce loadings. With the increase of Ce loading, the NO conversion rate also increased.
基金the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2020YFB1710900)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62173322 and 61803368)+2 种基金the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2019M661156)the Liaoning Revitalization Talents Program(XLYC1801001)the Youth Innovation Promotion Association Chinese Academy of Sciences(2019202).
文摘1.Introduction Industrial automation is undergoing a significant innovation as information,communication,and operation technologies are deeply integrating with each other.Following this trend,industrial wireless control networks(IWCNs)are becoming increasingly attractive to industrial automation since they can help speed up production efficiency,reduce cost,enhance safety,and finally realize intelligent manufacturing[1].
