The present study was carried out to determine whether the consumption of epigallocatechin (EGCG), the major bioactive green tea catechin, exerts a positive effect on lowering in vivo lipid peroxidation, a measure of ...The present study was carried out to determine whether the consumption of epigallocatechin (EGCG), the major bioactive green tea catechin, exerts a positive effect on lowering in vivo lipid peroxidation, a measure of oxidative stress, in healthy postmenopausal women. Urinary excretion of secondary lipid peroxidation products, a measure of in vivo lipid peroxidation, was determined in 40 participants randomly assigned to consume a green tea catechin extract (843.0 ± 44.0 mg EGCG/d) or placebo capsules for 12 months. Urine samples were analyzed for individual polar and nonpolar lipophilic aldehydes and related carbonyl compounds by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) at the beginning and at the end of the 12-month intervention period. Results show that two nonpolar aldehydes, nonanal and decatrienal, were both 48% lower (p in vivo antioxidant activity exists with long-term EGCG consumption, which could slightly limit oxidative damage associated with lipid peroxidation and the onset and progression of chronic diseases.展开更多
With the development of advanced methods in the area of machine learning(ML),artificial intelligence(AI)is rapidly revolutionizing many fields and is starting to change the landscapes of physics and chemistry.Over the...With the development of advanced methods in the area of machine learning(ML),artificial intelligence(AI)is rapidly revolutionizing many fields and is starting to change the landscapes of physics and chemistry.Over the past decade,AI-assisted designs of novel materials have been gradually reshaping how researchers explore new chemistries for energy conversion and storage.In addition,innovative data-driven techniques have led to unprecedented perspectives on the physics and chemistries of the reactions/processes involved.With this background in mind,this themed issue of“Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence for Energy Materials”presents a collection of 5 highly selected papers in machine learning and artificial intelligence for energy materials.1–5 By including comprehensive reviews,and original research report,this issue aims at providing a broad overview of the theoretical advancements and applications of related methods in the areas of energy storage and conversion.展开更多
本研究报道运用中医药内外合治双膦酸盐相关性上颌骨坏死(Bisphosphonate Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaws,BRONJ)1例。患者为老年女性,既往静脉滴注唑来膦酸6年治疗重度骨质疏松症,其后因拔牙术导致左上后牙区伤口未愈,伴局部溢脓...本研究报道运用中医药内外合治双膦酸盐相关性上颌骨坏死(Bisphosphonate Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaws,BRONJ)1例。患者为老年女性,既往静脉滴注唑来膦酸6年治疗重度骨质疏松症,其后因拔牙术导致左上后牙区伤口未愈,伴局部溢脓和间断发热,西医诊断为BRONJ,经药物及手术治疗一年余未愈,患者局部及全身感染症状仍间断发作,严重影响生活质量,病情复杂、罕见,治疗难度较高。本病归属于中医学“骨槽风”范畴,历代古籍中不乏其病因病机、临床表现、治法方药以及验案等记载,中医药在治疗本病方面有独到的优势。根据津沽疮疡学术流派师祖高思敬先生对此病的辨治思路,本案属骨槽风的溃后阶段,证属正虚邪恋,内当治以补托以固护脾胃,兼顾祛邪;在津沽疮疡学术流派“给邪出路”“腐去肌生”“药疮交互”理论的指导下,外治采用中药煎汤含漱以解毒消肿、敛疮生肌。经中医药内外合治一年余,复查影像学结果显示患者颌骨骨髓炎消失,伤口愈合良好,未复发。本案例是中医药内外合治的典范,外治法极具特色,充分发挥了中医药在治疗外科感染性疾病及慢性创面方面的优势,为口腔疾病的治疗提供了新方法。现将本案的中医诊疗过程及思路总结如下,为临床治疗提供借鉴。展开更多
目的 :有效控制医院耗材成本,合理使用耗材,切实减轻患者负担。方法 :充分利用医院信息系统(hospital information system,HIS),结合DRGs(diagnosis related groups)费用对比,对医用耗材管理进行整改。结果:高值耗材、试剂类耗材、手术...目的 :有效控制医院耗材成本,合理使用耗材,切实减轻患者负担。方法 :充分利用医院信息系统(hospital information system,HIS),结合DRGs(diagnosis related groups)费用对比,对医用耗材管理进行整改。结果:高值耗材、试剂类耗材、手术室使用耗材等得到有效控制,在保证医疗供给的同时,耗占比逐步下降,切实减轻了患者负担。结论:通过精确数据分析、针对性量化指标、加强监督等手段可有效控制耗占比。展开更多
Irritable bowel syndrome-diarrhea(IBS-D)is a prevalent functional bowel disease severely impairs the quality of life of patients.Visceral hypersensitivity(VH)is the main symptom of IBS-D.Probiotics have been found to ...Irritable bowel syndrome-diarrhea(IBS-D)is a prevalent functional bowel disease severely impairs the quality of life of patients.Visceral hypersensitivity(VH)is the main symptom of IBS-D.Probiotics have been found to effectively alleviate VH.In this study,neonatal maternal separation(NMS)was used to induce VH in 72 rats and investigated the effects of daily gavage of 3×10^(9) CFU of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium on alleviating the symptoms of IBS-D and behavioral interventions,as well as exploring potential mechanisms.The results demonstrated that L.acidophilus and B.breve could alleviate the symptoms of IBS-D such as VH and increased frequency of bowel movements,as well as improving non-spatial memory in NMS rats.These effects were achieved by modulating the composition of gut microbiota and metabolites(including short-chain fatty acids,deoxycholic acid and adenosine),and by regulating the expression of genes and proteins associated with the NGF/TrkA signaling pathway,tryptophan metabolism,and inflammatory factors in the hippocampus.This finding suggests that L.acidophilus and B.breve have promising potential for the alleviation of IBS.展开更多
Hydrogen production from water electrolysis,in particular from proton exchange membrane water electrolyzers(PEMWE),is a key approach to realizing a carbon-free energy cycle.However,the high anodic potential and strong...Hydrogen production from water electrolysis,in particular from proton exchange membrane water electrolyzers(PEMWE),is a key approach to realizing a carbon-free energy cycle.However,the high anodic potential and strong acid in PEMWE systems pose a major challenge to the stability of electrocatalysts,and the development of efficient and corrosion-resistant catalysts is urgently needed.Currently,iridium(Ir)-based catalysts have gained great attention due to their promising activity and stability,while the extremely low reserves of Ir in the earth seriously hinder the commercialization of PEMWE.Therefore,a systematic understanding of the latest advances in Ir-based catalysts is necessary to guide their rational design to meet the industrial requirements.In this review,the general reaction mechanisms and advanced characterization techniques for mechanism recognition are first introduced.Afterwards,the systematic design strategies and performances of Ir-based catalysts,including metallic Ir,Ir oxides,and Ir-based perovskites,are summarized in detail.Finally,the conclusions,challenges,and prospects for Ir-based electrocatalysts are presented.展开更多
In this paper,a novel passive flexible leg joint method is proposed with the aim of enhancing the impact buffering capability as well as reducing energy consumption.The innovative structure cleverly incorporates micro...In this paper,a novel passive flexible leg joint method is proposed with the aim of enhancing the impact buffering capability as well as reducing energy consumption.The innovative structure cleverly incorporates micro-plate springs,offering significant stiffness adjustment capabilities.To meet the stiffness requirements,the relationships between foot-ground contact force and the deformation force of the elastic component,as well as the influence of elastic component deformation and foot cushioning amplitude are comprehensively analyzed.With the aid of finite element optimization analysis,a single-leg experimental platform is designed,and the effectiveness and applicability of the novel structure are validated through experiments including unloaded free swinging,freely falling body motion and ground squats experiments.Comparative experiments results show the evident superiorities of the passive compliance joint.展开更多
The practical application of room-temperature sodium-sulfur(RT Na-S)batteries is hindered by sluggish reaction kinetics and deleterious side reactions.To address these challenges,a defective carbon is designed as a su...The practical application of room-temperature sodium-sulfur(RT Na-S)batteries is hindered by sluggish reaction kinetics and deleterious side reactions.To address these challenges,a defective carbon is designed as a sulfur host through a simple temperature-controlled method.The abundant porosity and surface roughness enhance sulfur encapsulation and mitigate side reactions.Prominently,highly disordered structure facilitates the chemical adsorption towards NaPSs and accelerates sulfur conversion.Furthermore,electrochemical characterizations reveal that concentration polarization during the formation of long-chain NaPSs emerges as the key polarization and activation polarization dominates the nucleation of Na_(2)S during discharge,while they both significantly affect the formation of S_(8)/long-chain NaPSs during charge.Owing to the improved adsorption capability and electrocalatytic sites,S/CZ-900presents lower concentration polarization and activation polarization during both discharge and charge.Consequently,S/CZ-900 cathode achieves 1031,914,and 671 mAh g^(-1)at 1,2,and 5 C.The cathode with a high sulfur loading of 6.4 mg cm^(-2)delivers an impressive areal capacity of 14.3 mAh cm^(-2).Moreover,the S/CZ-900||Na/CZ-900(Al)full cell exhibits robust cycling stability,maintaining 1094 mAh g^(-1)after 40 cycles at 0.1 C.The insights provide a workable solution of metal-free carbonaceous host materials for the evolution of RT Na-S batteries.展开更多
Dietary omega-3 (n - 3) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) are recommended by public health organizations to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease, and several epidemiological studies have suggested there is an in...Dietary omega-3 (n - 3) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) are recommended by public health organizations to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease, and several epidemiological studies have suggested there is an inverse association between n - 3 intake and human cancers. However, n - 3 are susceptible to an increase in lipid peroxidation in the human body. As part of a crossover dietary intervention study of a diet (20% of energy from fat) with or without an additional 3% of energy from a mixture of n - 3 (with 5.36 g α-linolenic acid and 1.45 g eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid per 2000 kcal per day), we measured total in vivo lipid peroxidation in healthy postmenopausal women (n = 15). Our results indicated that the diet with 3% of energy from n - 3 significantly increased the urinary concentrations of total polar lipophilic aldehydes and related compounds produced via lipid peroxidation (p α, β-unsaturated hydroxy aldehydes 4-hydroxy-2-trans - hexenal (p trans -decenal (p < 0.05) compared to the diet with less than 1% of energy from n - 3. This is also the first study to document the presence of 4-hydroxy-2-trans -decenal in the urine of individuals consuming n - 3. These results demonstrate that an increase in 3% of energy from dietary n – 3 increases in vivo lipid peroxidation.展开更多
文摘The present study was carried out to determine whether the consumption of epigallocatechin (EGCG), the major bioactive green tea catechin, exerts a positive effect on lowering in vivo lipid peroxidation, a measure of oxidative stress, in healthy postmenopausal women. Urinary excretion of secondary lipid peroxidation products, a measure of in vivo lipid peroxidation, was determined in 40 participants randomly assigned to consume a green tea catechin extract (843.0 ± 44.0 mg EGCG/d) or placebo capsules for 12 months. Urine samples were analyzed for individual polar and nonpolar lipophilic aldehydes and related carbonyl compounds by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) at the beginning and at the end of the 12-month intervention period. Results show that two nonpolar aldehydes, nonanal and decatrienal, were both 48% lower (p in vivo antioxidant activity exists with long-term EGCG consumption, which could slightly limit oxidative damage associated with lipid peroxidation and the onset and progression of chronic diseases.
文摘With the development of advanced methods in the area of machine learning(ML),artificial intelligence(AI)is rapidly revolutionizing many fields and is starting to change the landscapes of physics and chemistry.Over the past decade,AI-assisted designs of novel materials have been gradually reshaping how researchers explore new chemistries for energy conversion and storage.In addition,innovative data-driven techniques have led to unprecedented perspectives on the physics and chemistries of the reactions/processes involved.With this background in mind,this themed issue of“Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence for Energy Materials”presents a collection of 5 highly selected papers in machine learning and artificial intelligence for energy materials.1–5 By including comprehensive reviews,and original research report,this issue aims at providing a broad overview of the theoretical advancements and applications of related methods in the areas of energy storage and conversion.
文摘本研究报道运用中医药内外合治双膦酸盐相关性上颌骨坏死(Bisphosphonate Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaws,BRONJ)1例。患者为老年女性,既往静脉滴注唑来膦酸6年治疗重度骨质疏松症,其后因拔牙术导致左上后牙区伤口未愈,伴局部溢脓和间断发热,西医诊断为BRONJ,经药物及手术治疗一年余未愈,患者局部及全身感染症状仍间断发作,严重影响生活质量,病情复杂、罕见,治疗难度较高。本病归属于中医学“骨槽风”范畴,历代古籍中不乏其病因病机、临床表现、治法方药以及验案等记载,中医药在治疗本病方面有独到的优势。根据津沽疮疡学术流派师祖高思敬先生对此病的辨治思路,本案属骨槽风的溃后阶段,证属正虚邪恋,内当治以补托以固护脾胃,兼顾祛邪;在津沽疮疡学术流派“给邪出路”“腐去肌生”“药疮交互”理论的指导下,外治采用中药煎汤含漱以解毒消肿、敛疮生肌。经中医药内外合治一年余,复查影像学结果显示患者颌骨骨髓炎消失,伤口愈合良好,未复发。本案例是中医药内外合治的典范,外治法极具特色,充分发挥了中医药在治疗外科感染性疾病及慢性创面方面的优势,为口腔疾病的治疗提供了新方法。现将本案的中医诊疗过程及思路总结如下,为临床治疗提供借鉴。
文摘目的 :有效控制医院耗材成本,合理使用耗材,切实减轻患者负担。方法 :充分利用医院信息系统(hospital information system,HIS),结合DRGs(diagnosis related groups)费用对比,对医用耗材管理进行整改。结果:高值耗材、试剂类耗材、手术室使用耗材等得到有效控制,在保证医疗供给的同时,耗占比逐步下降,切实减轻了患者负担。结论:通过精确数据分析、针对性量化指标、加强监督等手段可有效控制耗占比。
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFD2100700)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32021005)+1 种基金the 111 project(BP0719028)the Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province.
文摘Irritable bowel syndrome-diarrhea(IBS-D)is a prevalent functional bowel disease severely impairs the quality of life of patients.Visceral hypersensitivity(VH)is the main symptom of IBS-D.Probiotics have been found to effectively alleviate VH.In this study,neonatal maternal separation(NMS)was used to induce VH in 72 rats and investigated the effects of daily gavage of 3×10^(9) CFU of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium on alleviating the symptoms of IBS-D and behavioral interventions,as well as exploring potential mechanisms.The results demonstrated that L.acidophilus and B.breve could alleviate the symptoms of IBS-D such as VH and increased frequency of bowel movements,as well as improving non-spatial memory in NMS rats.These effects were achieved by modulating the composition of gut microbiota and metabolites(including short-chain fatty acids,deoxycholic acid and adenosine),and by regulating the expression of genes and proteins associated with the NGF/TrkA signaling pathway,tryptophan metabolism,and inflammatory factors in the hippocampus.This finding suggests that L.acidophilus and B.breve have promising potential for the alleviation of IBS.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22202053,22109035,52362031,and 52274297)the start-up Research Foundation of Hainan University(KYQD(ZR)-20008,20083,20084,23068,and 23169)+4 种基金the Hainan Province Science and Technology Special Fund(ZDYF2024SHFZ074)the Collaborative Innovation Center of Marine Science and Technology,Hainan University(XTCX2022HYC04)the specific research fund of The Innovation Platform for Academicians of Hainan Province(YSPTZX202315)the Research Fund Program of Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fuel Cell Technology(FC202307)the Open Fund Project of Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Storage and Energy Conversion in Hainan Province of China(KFKT2023002)。
文摘Hydrogen production from water electrolysis,in particular from proton exchange membrane water electrolyzers(PEMWE),is a key approach to realizing a carbon-free energy cycle.However,the high anodic potential and strong acid in PEMWE systems pose a major challenge to the stability of electrocatalysts,and the development of efficient and corrosion-resistant catalysts is urgently needed.Currently,iridium(Ir)-based catalysts have gained great attention due to their promising activity and stability,while the extremely low reserves of Ir in the earth seriously hinder the commercialization of PEMWE.Therefore,a systematic understanding of the latest advances in Ir-based catalysts is necessary to guide their rational design to meet the industrial requirements.In this review,the general reaction mechanisms and advanced characterization techniques for mechanism recognition are first introduced.Afterwards,the systematic design strategies and performances of Ir-based catalysts,including metallic Ir,Ir oxides,and Ir-based perovskites,are summarized in detail.Finally,the conclusions,challenges,and prospects for Ir-based electrocatalysts are presented.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation for general program of China(Grant No.62373217).
文摘In this paper,a novel passive flexible leg joint method is proposed with the aim of enhancing the impact buffering capability as well as reducing energy consumption.The innovative structure cleverly incorporates micro-plate springs,offering significant stiffness adjustment capabilities.To meet the stiffness requirements,the relationships between foot-ground contact force and the deformation force of the elastic component,as well as the influence of elastic component deformation and foot cushioning amplitude are comprehensively analyzed.With the aid of finite element optimization analysis,a single-leg experimental platform is designed,and the effectiveness and applicability of the novel structure are validated through experiments including unloaded free swinging,freely falling body motion and ground squats experiments.Comparative experiments results show the evident superiorities of the passive compliance joint.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51977071)the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province(2017JJ2040)the Science and Technology Innovation Program of Hunan Province(2021RC3066)。
文摘The practical application of room-temperature sodium-sulfur(RT Na-S)batteries is hindered by sluggish reaction kinetics and deleterious side reactions.To address these challenges,a defective carbon is designed as a sulfur host through a simple temperature-controlled method.The abundant porosity and surface roughness enhance sulfur encapsulation and mitigate side reactions.Prominently,highly disordered structure facilitates the chemical adsorption towards NaPSs and accelerates sulfur conversion.Furthermore,electrochemical characterizations reveal that concentration polarization during the formation of long-chain NaPSs emerges as the key polarization and activation polarization dominates the nucleation of Na_(2)S during discharge,while they both significantly affect the formation of S_(8)/long-chain NaPSs during charge.Owing to the improved adsorption capability and electrocalatytic sites,S/CZ-900presents lower concentration polarization and activation polarization during both discharge and charge.Consequently,S/CZ-900 cathode achieves 1031,914,and 671 mAh g^(-1)at 1,2,and 5 C.The cathode with a high sulfur loading of 6.4 mg cm^(-2)delivers an impressive areal capacity of 14.3 mAh cm^(-2).Moreover,the S/CZ-900||Na/CZ-900(Al)full cell exhibits robust cycling stability,maintaining 1094 mAh g^(-1)after 40 cycles at 0.1 C.The insights provide a workable solution of metal-free carbonaceous host materials for the evolution of RT Na-S batteries.
文摘Dietary omega-3 (n - 3) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) are recommended by public health organizations to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease, and several epidemiological studies have suggested there is an inverse association between n - 3 intake and human cancers. However, n - 3 are susceptible to an increase in lipid peroxidation in the human body. As part of a crossover dietary intervention study of a diet (20% of energy from fat) with or without an additional 3% of energy from a mixture of n - 3 (with 5.36 g α-linolenic acid and 1.45 g eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid per 2000 kcal per day), we measured total in vivo lipid peroxidation in healthy postmenopausal women (n = 15). Our results indicated that the diet with 3% of energy from n - 3 significantly increased the urinary concentrations of total polar lipophilic aldehydes and related compounds produced via lipid peroxidation (p α, β-unsaturated hydroxy aldehydes 4-hydroxy-2-trans - hexenal (p trans -decenal (p < 0.05) compared to the diet with less than 1% of energy from n - 3. This is also the first study to document the presence of 4-hydroxy-2-trans -decenal in the urine of individuals consuming n - 3. These results demonstrate that an increase in 3% of energy from dietary n – 3 increases in vivo lipid peroxidation.
