Alpha linolenic acid(ALA)is an essential polyunsaturated fatty acids that can improve human health.Rapeseed is the second largest oil crop in the world but the ALA content in its seed fatty acids is only about 10%.Two...Alpha linolenic acid(ALA)is an essential polyunsaturated fatty acids that can improve human health.Rapeseed is the second largest oil crop in the world but the ALA content in its seed fatty acids is only about 10%.Two rapeseed germplasms YH25005 and R8Q10 with high content(up to 21%)ALA were developed by intervarietal crossing.They were used as the maternal parent(P_(1))when crossed with a low ALA parent SW(P2)to produce the seeds of the F1 hybrid,F2,and backcrosses to P1(BCP1)and P2(BCP2).A multigeneration joint segregation analysis was conducted to determine major gene t polygene effects of the content of three major unsaturated fatty acids including oleic(OA),linoleic(LA)and ALA.The results showed that,although some genes favorable to ALA accumulation were not allelic in R8Q10 and YH25005,all the inheritances of OA,LA and ALA in YH25005×SW and R8Q10×SW followed a genetic model of‘two pairs of additive major genes t additive-dominant polygenes’.It is suggested that the contents of OA,LA and ALA are closely related and the major genes in the parent SW containing loss-of-function mutations in FAD2 and FAD3 loci had strong effect to reduce ALA and elevate OA.However,total genetic effect of the polygenes was greater than that of the two major genes,especial on ALA content.It indicated that it is necessary to employ a larger F2 population to find the plant that accumulate enough minor-effect polygenes for high ALA content.The results are useful for high ALA rapeseed breeding and future work of gene mapping.展开更多
Genetic manipulation(either restraint or enhancement)of the biosynthesis pathway ofα-linolenic acid(ALA)in seed oil is an important goal in Brassica napus breeding.B.napus is a tetraploid plant whose genome often har...Genetic manipulation(either restraint or enhancement)of the biosynthesis pathway ofα-linolenic acid(ALA)in seed oil is an important goal in Brassica napus breeding.B.napus is a tetraploid plant whose genome often har-bors four and six homologous copies,respectively,of the two fatty acid desaturases FAD2 and FAD3,which con-trol the last two steps of ALA biosynthesis during seed oil accumulation.In this study,we compared their promoters,coding sequences,and expression levels in three high-ALA inbred lines 2006L,R8Q10,and YH25005,a low-ALA line A28,a low-ALA/high-oleic-acid accession SW,and the wildtype ZS11.The expression levels of most FAD2 and FAD3 homologs in the three high-ALA accessions were higher than those in ZS11 and much higher than those in A28 and SW.The three high-ALA accessions shared similar sequences with the pro-moters and CDSs of BnFAD3.C4 and BnFAD3.A3.In A28 and SW,substitution of three amino acid residues in BnFAD2.A5 and BnFAD2.C5,an absence of BnFAD2.C1 locus,and a 549 bp long deletion on the BnFAD3.A3 promoter were detected.The profile of BnFAD2 mutation in the two low-ALA accessions A28 and SW is different from that reported in previous studies.The mutations in BnFAD3 in the high-ALA accessions are reported for thefirst time.In identifying the sites of these mutations,we provide detailed information to aid the design of mole-cular markers for accelerated breeding schemes.展开更多
Accurate prediction of the permeability coefficient is crucial for evaluating the compaction quality of earthworks.However,during the compaction process,on-site testing is often time-consuming and expensive,leading to...Accurate prediction of the permeability coefficient is crucial for evaluating the compaction quality of earthworks.However,during the compaction process,on-site testing is often time-consuming and expensive,leading to fewer samples,which affects prediction accuracy.Moreover,most current predictive models have limited capabilities and tend to be black-box models with poor explainability.To overcome these issues,in this study,we proposed a new method to predict the permeability coefficient of earth-rock material based on an improved generative adversarial network(GAN)and explainable osprey optimization algorithm–Huber loss–light gradient boosting machine(OOA–HL–LightGBM).Firstly,by introducing the Wasserstein distance as the loss function into the conditional generative adversarial network(CGAN),the Wasserstein conditional generative adversarial network(WCGAN)was proposed to generate high-quality data,addressing the issue of insufficient information caused by small samples.Furthermore,by incorporating material and compaction parameters as inputs,a high-accuracy permeability coefficient prediction model was developed using LightGBM with the Huber loss function and the OOA.Finally,the Shapley additive explanation(SHAP)method was introduced into OOA–HL–LightGBM to analyze the specific roles of different features within the dataset to enhance the credibility of the prediction results.The proposed method was applied to a large-scale high-core rockfill dam in southwestern China to thoroughly verify its effectiveness and superiority.展开更多
基金supported by the project of Key R&D plans of Shaanxi Province(2021NY-074)Yangling Seed Industry Innovation Plan.
文摘Alpha linolenic acid(ALA)is an essential polyunsaturated fatty acids that can improve human health.Rapeseed is the second largest oil crop in the world but the ALA content in its seed fatty acids is only about 10%.Two rapeseed germplasms YH25005 and R8Q10 with high content(up to 21%)ALA were developed by intervarietal crossing.They were used as the maternal parent(P_(1))when crossed with a low ALA parent SW(P2)to produce the seeds of the F1 hybrid,F2,and backcrosses to P1(BCP1)and P2(BCP2).A multigeneration joint segregation analysis was conducted to determine major gene t polygene effects of the content of three major unsaturated fatty acids including oleic(OA),linoleic(LA)and ALA.The results showed that,although some genes favorable to ALA accumulation were not allelic in R8Q10 and YH25005,all the inheritances of OA,LA and ALA in YH25005×SW and R8Q10×SW followed a genetic model of‘two pairs of additive major genes t additive-dominant polygenes’.It is suggested that the contents of OA,LA and ALA are closely related and the major genes in the parent SW containing loss-of-function mutations in FAD2 and FAD3 loci had strong effect to reduce ALA and elevate OA.However,total genetic effect of the polygenes was greater than that of the two major genes,especial on ALA content.It indicated that it is necessary to employ a larger F2 population to find the plant that accumulate enough minor-effect polygenes for high ALA content.The results are useful for high ALA rapeseed breeding and future work of gene mapping.
基金The study was financially supported by Projects from Shaanxi Province(2021LLRH-07-03-01 and 2023-ZDLNY-07)Yangling Seed Industry Innovation(YLzy-yc2021-01).The funders had no role in study design,data collection and analysis,decision to publish,or preparation of the manuscript.
文摘Genetic manipulation(either restraint or enhancement)of the biosynthesis pathway ofα-linolenic acid(ALA)in seed oil is an important goal in Brassica napus breeding.B.napus is a tetraploid plant whose genome often har-bors four and six homologous copies,respectively,of the two fatty acid desaturases FAD2 and FAD3,which con-trol the last two steps of ALA biosynthesis during seed oil accumulation.In this study,we compared their promoters,coding sequences,and expression levels in three high-ALA inbred lines 2006L,R8Q10,and YH25005,a low-ALA line A28,a low-ALA/high-oleic-acid accession SW,and the wildtype ZS11.The expression levels of most FAD2 and FAD3 homologs in the three high-ALA accessions were higher than those in ZS11 and much higher than those in A28 and SW.The three high-ALA accessions shared similar sequences with the pro-moters and CDSs of BnFAD3.C4 and BnFAD3.A3.In A28 and SW,substitution of three amino acid residues in BnFAD2.A5 and BnFAD2.C5,an absence of BnFAD2.C1 locus,and a 549 bp long deletion on the BnFAD3.A3 promoter were detected.The profile of BnFAD2 mutation in the two low-ALA accessions A28 and SW is different from that reported in previous studies.The mutations in BnFAD3 in the high-ALA accessions are reported for thefirst time.In identifying the sites of these mutations,we provide detailed information to aid the design of mole-cular markers for accelerated breeding schemes.
基金supported by the Youth Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52409181)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.U23B20148).
文摘Accurate prediction of the permeability coefficient is crucial for evaluating the compaction quality of earthworks.However,during the compaction process,on-site testing is often time-consuming and expensive,leading to fewer samples,which affects prediction accuracy.Moreover,most current predictive models have limited capabilities and tend to be black-box models with poor explainability.To overcome these issues,in this study,we proposed a new method to predict the permeability coefficient of earth-rock material based on an improved generative adversarial network(GAN)and explainable osprey optimization algorithm–Huber loss–light gradient boosting machine(OOA–HL–LightGBM).Firstly,by introducing the Wasserstein distance as the loss function into the conditional generative adversarial network(CGAN),the Wasserstein conditional generative adversarial network(WCGAN)was proposed to generate high-quality data,addressing the issue of insufficient information caused by small samples.Furthermore,by incorporating material and compaction parameters as inputs,a high-accuracy permeability coefficient prediction model was developed using LightGBM with the Huber loss function and the OOA.Finally,the Shapley additive explanation(SHAP)method was introduced into OOA–HL–LightGBM to analyze the specific roles of different features within the dataset to enhance the credibility of the prediction results.The proposed method was applied to a large-scale high-core rockfill dam in southwestern China to thoroughly verify its effectiveness and superiority.
