Background and Objectives:Growing evidence has explored the effects of water-soluble vitamins supplementa tion on glycemic control and insulin resistance in diabetic patients;however,the results of previous meta-analy...Background and Objectives:Growing evidence has explored the effects of water-soluble vitamins supplementa tion on glycemic control and insulin resistance in diabetic patients;however,the results of previous meta-analyses are inconsistent.To address this,we conducted an umbrella review to synthesize the evidence on these effects.Methods and Study Design:A systematic literature search in Web of science,PubMed,and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews was performed from 2012 to November 2022.he quality of the meta-analyses was assessed using AMSTAR-2 and GRADE.Results:Fourteen systematic reviews and meta-analyses met the inclusion criteria,examining the effects of five water-soluble vitamins(B-1,B-3,biotin,B-9,and C)on glycemic control and insulin resistance.The findings suggest that vitamin C supplementation can improve glycemic control in type 2 diabetes,as indicated by reduced FBG and HbA1c,with more significant effects observed for durations longer than 30 days.Conclusions:Insulin resistance is improved by folic acid supplementations.More well-designed individual ran domized controlled trials are needed in the future,as well as meta-analysis of higher quality.展开更多
Sex hormones are a group of potent endocrine disruptors that can be released into agricultural soils and sediment via wastewater discharge and manure fertilization.Sorption represents a critical determinant for the tr...Sex hormones are a group of potent endocrine disruptors that can be released into agricultural soils and sediment via wastewater discharge and manure fertilization.Sorption represents a critical determinant for the transport potential and risks of sex hormones in the environment.Therefore,this study reviewed the sorption and desorption mechanisms of sex hormones in soil-and sedimentwater systems,and summarized the effects of various factors on sorption and desorption processes.A total of 359 set of sorption data were collected from the literature.Sex hormones were mostly described by the linear model.The sorption magnitudes(logKoc)of estrogens,androgens,and progestins were in the range of 2.77–3.90,2.55–4.18,and 2.61–4.39,respectively.The average logKoc values of the sex hormones were significantly correlated with their logKow values(R^(2)=0.13,p<0.05),while the R^(2) values were much lower than those when fewer sex hormones were included for analysis.In addition,the Kd values of most sex hormones were significantly correlated with the OC%of soils and sediment(R^(2)=0.16–0.99,p<0.05),but were insignificantly correlated with the particle size distribution and surface area.These results indicated that hydrophobic partitioning interaction and other specific interactions are responsible for sex hormone uptake in soil-and sediment-water systems.The sorption of sex hormones in soil-and sediment-water systems can also be affected by other environmental variables,including pH,temperature,and ionic strength.Future studies should focus on the coupled leaching-sorption processes in manure-water-soil systems under field-scale conditions.展开更多
On-chip quantum information network requires qubit transfer between different wavelengths while preserving quantum coherence and entanglement,which requires the availability of broadband upconversion.Herein,we demonst...On-chip quantum information network requires qubit transfer between different wavelengths while preserving quantum coherence and entanglement,which requires the availability of broadband upconversion.Herein,we demonstrate a mode-hybridization-based broadband nonlinear frequency conversion on X-cut thin film lithium niobate.With the spontaneous quasi-phase matching and quasi-group-velocity matching being simultaneously satisfied,broadband second-harmonic generation with a 3-dB bandwidth up to 13 nm has been achieved in a micro-racetrack resonator.The same mechanism can work on the frequency conversion of the ultrashort pulse in the bent waveguide structure.This work will be beneficial to on-chip tunable frequency conversion and quantum light source generation on integrated photonic platforms and further enable on-chip large-capacity multiplexing,multichannel optical information processing,and large quantum information networks.展开更多
文摘Background and Objectives:Growing evidence has explored the effects of water-soluble vitamins supplementa tion on glycemic control and insulin resistance in diabetic patients;however,the results of previous meta-analyses are inconsistent.To address this,we conducted an umbrella review to synthesize the evidence on these effects.Methods and Study Design:A systematic literature search in Web of science,PubMed,and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews was performed from 2012 to November 2022.he quality of the meta-analyses was assessed using AMSTAR-2 and GRADE.Results:Fourteen systematic reviews and meta-analyses met the inclusion criteria,examining the effects of five water-soluble vitamins(B-1,B-3,biotin,B-9,and C)on glycemic control and insulin resistance.The findings suggest that vitamin C supplementation can improve glycemic control in type 2 diabetes,as indicated by reduced FBG and HbA1c,with more significant effects observed for durations longer than 30 days.Conclusions:Insulin resistance is improved by folic acid supplementations.More well-designed individual ran domized controlled trials are needed in the future,as well as meta-analysis of higher quality.
基金This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.U1901601,No.41877063,and No.41701345)National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2019YFC1804400).
文摘Sex hormones are a group of potent endocrine disruptors that can be released into agricultural soils and sediment via wastewater discharge and manure fertilization.Sorption represents a critical determinant for the transport potential and risks of sex hormones in the environment.Therefore,this study reviewed the sorption and desorption mechanisms of sex hormones in soil-and sedimentwater systems,and summarized the effects of various factors on sorption and desorption processes.A total of 359 set of sorption data were collected from the literature.Sex hormones were mostly described by the linear model.The sorption magnitudes(logKoc)of estrogens,androgens,and progestins were in the range of 2.77–3.90,2.55–4.18,and 2.61–4.39,respectively.The average logKoc values of the sex hormones were significantly correlated with their logKow values(R^(2)=0.13,p<0.05),while the R^(2) values were much lower than those when fewer sex hormones were included for analysis.In addition,the Kd values of most sex hormones were significantly correlated with the OC%of soils and sediment(R^(2)=0.16–0.99,p<0.05),but were insignificantly correlated with the particle size distribution and surface area.These results indicated that hydrophobic partitioning interaction and other specific interactions are responsible for sex hormone uptake in soil-and sediment-water systems.The sorption of sex hormones in soil-and sediment-water systems can also be affected by other environmental variables,including pH,temperature,and ionic strength.Future studies should focus on the coupled leaching-sorption processes in manure-water-soil systems under field-scale conditions.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.12134009)the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2019YFB2203501)SJTU(Grant No.21X010200828).
文摘On-chip quantum information network requires qubit transfer between different wavelengths while preserving quantum coherence and entanglement,which requires the availability of broadband upconversion.Herein,we demonstrate a mode-hybridization-based broadband nonlinear frequency conversion on X-cut thin film lithium niobate.With the spontaneous quasi-phase matching and quasi-group-velocity matching being simultaneously satisfied,broadband second-harmonic generation with a 3-dB bandwidth up to 13 nm has been achieved in a micro-racetrack resonator.The same mechanism can work on the frequency conversion of the ultrashort pulse in the bent waveguide structure.This work will be beneficial to on-chip tunable frequency conversion and quantum light source generation on integrated photonic platforms and further enable on-chip large-capacity multiplexing,multichannel optical information processing,and large quantum information networks.
