Aiming at the reference range selection for different antennas in interferometric inverse synthetic aperture radar （InlSAR） systems, this paper proposes a respective focusing （RF） method. The reference ranges for ...Aiming at the reference range selection for different antennas in interferometric inverse synthetic aperture radar （InlSAR） systems, this paper proposes a respective focusing （RF） method. The reference ranges for echoes of different antennas are selected respectively for RF, which is different from the traditional uniform focusing （UF） with the same reference range applied to all the antennas. First, a comparison between UF and RF for InlSAR signal model considering the ranging error is given. Compared with RF, UF has an advantage in overcoming the ranging error differences between different antennas. Then the influence of ranging error upon the interferometric imaging with RF is investigated particularly, and it is found that the ranging error differences between different antennas are far smaller than the wavelength, which is advantageous to imaging. By comparing the capabilities of inter- ferometric imaging between RF and UF, it is concluded that RF is a better choice in conquering problems such as image mismatching and phase ambiguity even with ranging errors. Simulations demonstrate the validity of the proposed method.展开更多
The extensive use of neonicotinoids on food crops for pest management has resulted in substantial environmental contamination.It is imperative to develop an effective remediation material and technique as well as to d...The extensive use of neonicotinoids on food crops for pest management has resulted in substantial environmental contamination.It is imperative to develop an effective remediation material and technique as well as to determine the evolution pathways of products.Here,novel ball-milled nitrogen-doped biochar(NBC)-modified zero-valent iron(ZVI)composites(named MNBC-ZVI)were fabricated and applied to degrading neonicotinoids.Based on the characterization results,NBC incorporation introduced N-doped sites and new allying heterojunctions and achieved surface charge redistribution,rapid electron transfer,and higher hydrophobicity of ZVI particles.As a result,the interaction between ZVI particles and thiamethoxam(a typical neonicotinoid)was improved,and the adsorption-desorption and reductive degradation of thiamethoxam and·H generation steps were optimized.MNBC-ZVI could rapidly degrade 100%of 10 mg·L^(−1) thiamethoxam within 360 min,its reduction rate constant was 12.1-fold greater than that of pristine ZVI,and the electron efficiency increased from 29.7%to 57.8%.This improved reactivity and selectivity resulted from increased electron transfer,enhanced hydrophobicity,and reduced accumulation of iron mud.Moreover,the degradation of neonicotinoids occurred mainly via nitrate reduction and dichlorination,and toxicity tests with degradation intermediates revealed that neonicotinoids undergo rapid detoxification.Remarkably,MNBCZVI also presented favorable tolerance to various anions,humic acid,wastewater and contaminated soil,as well as high reusability.This work offers an efficient and economic biochar-ZVI remediation technology for the rapid degradation and detoxification of neonicotinoids,significantly contributes to knowledge on the relevant removal mechanism and further advances the synthesis of highly reactive and environmentally friendly materials.展开更多
Correction:Biochar(2023)5:78 https://doi.org/10.1007/s42773-023-00280-4 Following publication of the original article(Li et al.2023),the authors reported an error in the Funding section.The original version of this ar...Correction:Biochar(2023)5:78 https://doi.org/10.1007/s42773-023-00280-4 Following publication of the original article(Li et al.2023),the authors reported an error in the Funding section.The original version of this article contained error in the Funding:“This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22036004,42377384),the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2021YFD1000500)and the Major Research Plan of the Shandong Science Foundation(No.ZR2020ZD19).”展开更多
基金supported by the National Science Fund for Distinguished Young (61025006)the National Science Foundation for Young Scientists of China (61101182)
文摘Aiming at the reference range selection for different antennas in interferometric inverse synthetic aperture radar （InlSAR） systems, this paper proposes a respective focusing （RF） method. The reference ranges for echoes of different antennas are selected respectively for RF, which is different from the traditional uniform focusing （UF） with the same reference range applied to all the antennas. First, a comparison between UF and RF for InlSAR signal model considering the ranging error is given. Compared with RF, UF has an advantage in overcoming the ranging error differences between different antennas. Then the influence of ranging error upon the interferometric imaging with RF is investigated particularly, and it is found that the ranging error differences between different antennas are far smaller than the wavelength, which is advantageous to imaging. By comparing the capabilities of inter- ferometric imaging between RF and UF, it is concluded that RF is a better choice in conquering problems such as image mismatching and phase ambiguity even with ranging errors. Simulations demonstrate the validity of the proposed method.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.U21A20291,42377384)National Key R&D Program of China(No.2021YFD1000500)Major Research Plan of the Shandong Science Foundation(No.ZR2020ZD19).
文摘The extensive use of neonicotinoids on food crops for pest management has resulted in substantial environmental contamination.It is imperative to develop an effective remediation material and technique as well as to determine the evolution pathways of products.Here,novel ball-milled nitrogen-doped biochar(NBC)-modified zero-valent iron(ZVI)composites(named MNBC-ZVI)were fabricated and applied to degrading neonicotinoids.Based on the characterization results,NBC incorporation introduced N-doped sites and new allying heterojunctions and achieved surface charge redistribution,rapid electron transfer,and higher hydrophobicity of ZVI particles.As a result,the interaction between ZVI particles and thiamethoxam(a typical neonicotinoid)was improved,and the adsorption-desorption and reductive degradation of thiamethoxam and·H generation steps were optimized.MNBC-ZVI could rapidly degrade 100%of 10 mg·L^(−1) thiamethoxam within 360 min,its reduction rate constant was 12.1-fold greater than that of pristine ZVI,and the electron efficiency increased from 29.7%to 57.8%.This improved reactivity and selectivity resulted from increased electron transfer,enhanced hydrophobicity,and reduced accumulation of iron mud.Moreover,the degradation of neonicotinoids occurred mainly via nitrate reduction and dichlorination,and toxicity tests with degradation intermediates revealed that neonicotinoids undergo rapid detoxification.Remarkably,MNBCZVI also presented favorable tolerance to various anions,humic acid,wastewater and contaminated soil,as well as high reusability.This work offers an efficient and economic biochar-ZVI remediation technology for the rapid degradation and detoxification of neonicotinoids,significantly contributes to knowledge on the relevant removal mechanism and further advances the synthesis of highly reactive and environmentally friendly materials.
文摘Correction:Biochar(2023)5:78 https://doi.org/10.1007/s42773-023-00280-4 Following publication of the original article(Li et al.2023),the authors reported an error in the Funding section.The original version of this article contained error in the Funding:“This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22036004,42377384),the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2021YFD1000500)and the Major Research Plan of the Shandong Science Foundation(No.ZR2020ZD19).”
