The growth characteristics of Aspergillus parasitic us incubated on two culture media were ex-amined using shortwave infrared(SWIR,1000-2500 nm)hyperspectral imaging(HSI)in this work.HSI images of the A.parasiticus co...The growth characteristics of Aspergillus parasitic us incubated on two culture media were ex-amined using shortwave infrared(SWIR,1000-2500 nm)hyperspectral imaging(HSI)in this work.HSI images of the A.parasiticus colonies growing on rose bengal medium(RBM)and maize agar medium(MAM)were recorded daily for 6 days.The growth phases of A.parasiticus were indicated through the pixel number and average spectra of colonies.On score plot of the first principal component(PC1)and PC2,four growth zones with varying mycelium densities were identified.Eight characteristic wavelengths(1095,1145,1195,1279,1442,1655,1834 and 1929 nm)were selected from PC1 loading,average spectra of each colony as well as each growth zone.F urthermore,support vector machine(S VM)classifier based on the eight wavelengths was built,and the classification accuracies for the four zones(from outer to inner zones)on the colonies on RBM were 99.77%,9935%,99.75%and 99.60%and 99.77%,9939%,99.31%and 98.22%for colonies on MAM.In addition,a new score plot of PC2 and PC3 was used to differ-entiate the colonies incubated on RBM and MAM for 6 days.Then characteristic wavelengths of 1067,1195,1279,1369,1459,1694,1834 and 1929 nm were selected from the loading of PC2 and PCg.Based on them,a new SVM model was developed to diferentiate colonies on RBM and MAM with accuracy of 100.00%and 9999%,respectively.In conclusion,SWIR hyperspectral image is a powerful tool for evaluation of growth characteristics of A.parasiticus incubated in diferent culture media.展开更多
By applying phase-only technique in array antenna pattern synthesis, antenna arrays can form desired patterns with the use of phase shifters only. A novel phase-only pattern synthesis algorithm is proposed for the pas...By applying phase-only technique in array antenna pattern synthesis, antenna arrays can form desired patterns with the use of phase shifters only. A novel phase-only pattern synthesis algorithm is proposed for the passive phased array seeker. This algorithm synthesizes the main beam of the antenna pattern through least-squares approximation, thus minimizing the errors between the actual and the desired main beams. The synthesis problem can be solved by applying gradient-descent optimization. The item for suppressing side lobes is added to the above synthesis problem. To obtain a side lobe level as low as possible, the algorithm assigns different weights to different directions in the side lobe region. The algorithm is run repeatedly and the weights are adjusted adaptively according to the normalized power in the side lobe directions. Detailed examples are presented to demonstrate the accuracy and effectiveness of the proposed approach.展开更多
Super-enhancers(SEs) are regulatory elements with enriched accumulation of key transcription factors.Few studies were done investigating SEs in lung cancers.Here we analyzed epigenetic profiling data to identify SEs i...Super-enhancers(SEs) are regulatory elements with enriched accumulation of key transcription factors.Few studies were done investigating SEs in lung cancers.Here we analyzed epigenetic profiling data to identify SEs in lung cancer cell lines.Enhancers were classified as SEs and typical enhancers(TEs).Most of the TEs were overlapped between normal cell and cancer cells.A great portion of SEs were differentiated comparing these cells.Analysis of GO terms associated with SEs revealed SE remodeling(lost on some sites while gain on others) between normal and lung cancer cells.By comparing the average number of SEs in each GO term in cancer cells with the number in control cells,surprisingly,no GO terms with significantly increased SE number in cancer condition were observed.On the contrary,in aspects such as "cell-cell adhesion","receptor activity" and"negative regulation of canonical Wnt signaling pathway",the related SEs were significantly reduced in cancer cells.These findings suggest that in lung cancer,cells may not gain decisive gene expression in the related aspect,instead,they may have lost control of the fateful genes.Taken together,our work with the usability of omics data identified SEs in lung cancer cells and further showed cancer-specific features of SE-related terms.展开更多
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.31772062)Gannan Camellia Industry Development and Innovative Center Open Fund(Grant No.YK201610).
文摘The growth characteristics of Aspergillus parasitic us incubated on two culture media were ex-amined using shortwave infrared(SWIR,1000-2500 nm)hyperspectral imaging(HSI)in this work.HSI images of the A.parasiticus colonies growing on rose bengal medium(RBM)and maize agar medium(MAM)were recorded daily for 6 days.The growth phases of A.parasiticus were indicated through the pixel number and average spectra of colonies.On score plot of the first principal component(PC1)and PC2,four growth zones with varying mycelium densities were identified.Eight characteristic wavelengths(1095,1145,1195,1279,1442,1655,1834 and 1929 nm)were selected from PC1 loading,average spectra of each colony as well as each growth zone.F urthermore,support vector machine(S VM)classifier based on the eight wavelengths was built,and the classification accuracies for the four zones(from outer to inner zones)on the colonies on RBM were 99.77%,9935%,99.75%and 99.60%and 99.77%,9939%,99.31%and 98.22%for colonies on MAM.In addition,a new score plot of PC2 and PC3 was used to differ-entiate the colonies incubated on RBM and MAM for 6 days.Then characteristic wavelengths of 1067,1195,1279,1369,1459,1694,1834 and 1929 nm were selected from the loading of PC2 and PCg.Based on them,a new SVM model was developed to diferentiate colonies on RBM and MAM with accuracy of 100.00%and 9999%,respectively.In conclusion,SWIR hyperspectral image is a powerful tool for evaluation of growth characteristics of A.parasiticus incubated in diferent culture media.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(1127301761471196)
文摘By applying phase-only technique in array antenna pattern synthesis, antenna arrays can form desired patterns with the use of phase shifters only. A novel phase-only pattern synthesis algorithm is proposed for the passive phased array seeker. This algorithm synthesizes the main beam of the antenna pattern through least-squares approximation, thus minimizing the errors between the actual and the desired main beams. The synthesis problem can be solved by applying gradient-descent optimization. The item for suppressing side lobes is added to the above synthesis problem. To obtain a side lobe level as low as possible, the algorithm assigns different weights to different directions in the side lobe region. The algorithm is run repeatedly and the weights are adjusted adaptively according to the normalized power in the side lobe directions. Detailed examples are presented to demonstrate the accuracy and effectiveness of the proposed approach.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (81600307) to Xin LiNational Key Investigation Program (2016YFC1100900)
文摘Super-enhancers(SEs) are regulatory elements with enriched accumulation of key transcription factors.Few studies were done investigating SEs in lung cancers.Here we analyzed epigenetic profiling data to identify SEs in lung cancer cell lines.Enhancers were classified as SEs and typical enhancers(TEs).Most of the TEs were overlapped between normal cell and cancer cells.A great portion of SEs were differentiated comparing these cells.Analysis of GO terms associated with SEs revealed SE remodeling(lost on some sites while gain on others) between normal and lung cancer cells.By comparing the average number of SEs in each GO term in cancer cells with the number in control cells,surprisingly,no GO terms with significantly increased SE number in cancer condition were observed.On the contrary,in aspects such as "cell-cell adhesion","receptor activity" and"negative regulation of canonical Wnt signaling pathway",the related SEs were significantly reduced in cancer cells.These findings suggest that in lung cancer,cells may not gain decisive gene expression in the related aspect,instead,they may have lost control of the fateful genes.Taken together,our work with the usability of omics data identified SEs in lung cancer cells and further showed cancer-specific features of SE-related terms.
