AB_(2)-type Ti-based hydrogen storage alloys(HSAs)are promising for industrial hydrogen feeding systems due to their moderate operating conditions and high hydrogen storage capacity.However,their practical application...AB_(2)-type Ti-based hydrogen storage alloys(HSAs)are promising for industrial hydrogen feeding systems due to their moderate operating conditions and high hydrogen storage capacity.However,their practical application is hindered by unavoidable impurity gases in hydrogen feedstocks,which significantly impair the performance of HSAs.Furthermore,the absence of clear evaluation criteria for poisoning behaviors and mechanisms hinders efforts to develop effective mitigation strategies.To address this gap,we used calculated surface interaction energy changes(ΔE)and experimental investigations to classify and rank the poisoning potential of impurity gases on a C14 Laves-phase Ti_(0.86)Zr_(0.15)Mn_(1.5)Cr_(0.07)(VFe)0.43 alloy.Impurity gases were classified into two types of weak-adsorption and strong-adsorption impurity gases by comparing theirΔE with that of H_(2)(ΔE_(H_(2))=-1.6001 eV).AsΔE>ΔE_(H_(2)) ,weak-adsorption impurity gases(Ar,He,CH4,and N2)induce poisoning by forming enriched blocking layers that impede H_(2) diffusion.This blocking effect can be alleviated under gas flow conditions.AsΔE<ΔE_(H_(2)),strong adsorption gases are further divided into two types based on their reactivity with the alloy.Non-reactive strong-adsorption impurity gases(CO and CO_(2) )preferentially occupy surface active sites,blocking H_(2) adsorption and dissociation.In contrast,reactive strong-adsorption impurity gases(such as O_(2))form dense passivation layers that completely prevent hydrogen ingress.Accordingly,surface modification offers an effective approach to mitigate gas-induced poisoning by altering the interaction mechanism.This study establishes the parameter-based criteria for classifying impurity gas poisoning mechanisms in AB_(2)-type Ti-based HSAs.It provides fundamental insights for guiding the design of poisoning-resistant materials and the development of mitigation strategies.展开更多
NaBH_(4) was widely regarded as a low-cost hydrogen storage material due to its high-mass hydrogen capacity of approximately 10.8%(mass)and high volumetric hydrogen capacity of around 115 g·L^(–1).However,it exh...NaBH_(4) was widely regarded as a low-cost hydrogen storage material due to its high-mass hydrogen capacity of approximately 10.8%(mass)and high volumetric hydrogen capacity of around 115 g·L^(–1).However,it exhibits strong stability and requires temperatures above 500℃ for hydrogen release in practical applications.In this study,two polyhydric alcohols,xylitol and erythritol(XE),were prepared as a binary eutectic sugar alcohol through a grinding-melting method.This binary eutectic sugar alcohol was used as a proton-hydrogen carrier to destabilize NaBH_(4).The 19NaBH_(4)-16XE composite material prepared by ball milling could start releasing hydrogen at 57.5℃,and the total hydrogen release can reach over 88.8%(4.45%(mass))of the theoretical capacity.When the 19NaBH_(4)-16XE composite was pressed into solid blocks,the volumetric hydrogen capacity of the block-shaped composite could reach 67.2 g·L^(–1).By controlling the temperature,the hydrogen desorption capacity of the NaBH_(4)-XE composite material was controllable,which has great potential for achieving solid-state hydrogen production from NaBH_(4).展开更多
Soil liquefaction is a common feature triggered by coseismic shaking.Thus,analysis of ancient earthquake-induced liquefaction can uncover the timing and frequency of paleoseismicity.However,its potential remains an un...Soil liquefaction is a common feature triggered by coseismic shaking.Thus,analysis of ancient earthquake-induced liquefaction can uncover the timing and frequency of paleoseismicity.However,its potential remains an under-explored component in constraining paleoseismic events.One key issue is to accurately date the timing of paleoliquefied events and to correlate coeval liquefaction features with paleoseismic events.This study demonstrates the application of optically stimulated luminescence(OSL)dating to constrain the ages of coseismic liquefaction features generated by the 2021 Maduo earthquake and previous paleoearthquakes along the Jiangcuo fault.Assuming that the OSL signals in the sand blow sediments are fully reset at the top indicates that the paleoliquefaction events ruptured the paleosurface.Furthermore,the OSL age of the paleosurface,which is covered by the liquefied materials,provides an estimate for the real age of the paleoearthquake.At the Erlongwa site,we identified three distinct liquefied events.OSL dating directly constrains the most recent 2021 Maduo earthquake and two paleoearthquakes,which occurred at around 5 ka,and around 12–13 ka,respectively.Our results highlight the great potential of OSL dating of paleoliquefaction features to elucidate paleoseismic records in settings,i.e.,blind faults buried within alluvium and shallow lacustrine sediments,where liquefaction evidence may be primary,or even exclusive.展开更多
The Tibetan Plateau is bounded by the Altyn Tagh left-lateral strike-slip fault system in the northwest,unlike the common thrust fault-bounded margins in the south or east.Quantifying surface denudation rate along thi...The Tibetan Plateau is bounded by the Altyn Tagh left-lateral strike-slip fault system in the northwest,unlike the common thrust fault-bounded margins in the south or east.Quantifying surface denudation rate along this enigmatic margin is important for understanding tectonic-geomorphic evolution and deep dynamic processes at margins of the Tibetan Plateau.In this study,we collected modern river sand samples from 29 drainage basins along the eastern section of the Altyn Tagh fault zone and analyzed the concentrations of terrestrial in-situ cosmogenic nuclides26Al and10Be.The26Al-10Be paired-nuclide method is effective in verifying the assumptions of steady-state denudation and short-term sediment transportation time in these basins,thereby ensuring the reliability of derived denudation rates.We found that10Be-derived basin-wide denudation rates range from15 to 610 mm kyr^(-1).Denudation rates are notably enhanced in locations with structural complexities that allow enhanced vertical uplift along this strike-slip fault system,such as restraining double bends and kinematic transition zones of fault junctions,and that the local topography becomes significantly steeper.This finding indicates that local tectonic uplift is the dominant factor governing topographic relief,as well as the intensity and spatial distribution of surface denudation.Basin-wide denudation rates exhibit a non-linear positive correlation with slope gradient,topographic relief,and channel steepness index(k_(sn)),suggesting that topographic indexes constitute robust proxies for estimating denudation rates in this region.Conversely,no discernible correlation was detected between denudation rates and rainfall or vegetation indices.Moreover,the spatial heterogeneity in rock type and thus erodibility exert non-negligible effects on surface denudation and landscape evolution,particularly in areas where tectonic uplift is less dominant.Our study provides for the first time millennial basin-wide denudation rates and their spatial distribution patterns along the northwestern margin of the Tibetan Plateau,and reveals the interplay between surface denudation and tectonic deformation along the Altyn Tagh fault.The results thereby fill an important knowledge gap in understanding surface processes across the poorly-understood plateau's northwestern margin.展开更多
基金financially supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFB4004302)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U24A2044)the Guangxi Science and Technology Major Project(No.AA24206007)。
文摘AB_(2)-type Ti-based hydrogen storage alloys(HSAs)are promising for industrial hydrogen feeding systems due to their moderate operating conditions and high hydrogen storage capacity.However,their practical application is hindered by unavoidable impurity gases in hydrogen feedstocks,which significantly impair the performance of HSAs.Furthermore,the absence of clear evaluation criteria for poisoning behaviors and mechanisms hinders efforts to develop effective mitigation strategies.To address this gap,we used calculated surface interaction energy changes(ΔE)and experimental investigations to classify and rank the poisoning potential of impurity gases on a C14 Laves-phase Ti_(0.86)Zr_(0.15)Mn_(1.5)Cr_(0.07)(VFe)0.43 alloy.Impurity gases were classified into two types of weak-adsorption and strong-adsorption impurity gases by comparing theirΔE with that of H_(2)(ΔE_(H_(2))=-1.6001 eV).AsΔE>ΔE_(H_(2)) ,weak-adsorption impurity gases(Ar,He,CH4,and N2)induce poisoning by forming enriched blocking layers that impede H_(2) diffusion.This blocking effect can be alleviated under gas flow conditions.AsΔE<ΔE_(H_(2)),strong adsorption gases are further divided into two types based on their reactivity with the alloy.Non-reactive strong-adsorption impurity gases(CO and CO_(2) )preferentially occupy surface active sites,blocking H_(2) adsorption and dissociation.In contrast,reactive strong-adsorption impurity gases(such as O_(2))form dense passivation layers that completely prevent hydrogen ingress.Accordingly,surface modification offers an effective approach to mitigate gas-induced poisoning by altering the interaction mechanism.This study establishes the parameter-based criteria for classifying impurity gas poisoning mechanisms in AB_(2)-type Ti-based HSAs.It provides fundamental insights for guiding the design of poisoning-resistant materials and the development of mitigation strategies.
基金support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52201255)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK20210884)the Innovation,and Entrepreneurship Program of Jiangsu Province(JSSCBS20211007).
文摘NaBH_(4) was widely regarded as a low-cost hydrogen storage material due to its high-mass hydrogen capacity of approximately 10.8%(mass)and high volumetric hydrogen capacity of around 115 g·L^(–1).However,it exhibits strong stability and requires temperatures above 500℃ for hydrogen release in practical applications.In this study,two polyhydric alcohols,xylitol and erythritol(XE),were prepared as a binary eutectic sugar alcohol through a grinding-melting method.This binary eutectic sugar alcohol was used as a proton-hydrogen carrier to destabilize NaBH_(4).The 19NaBH_(4)-16XE composite material prepared by ball milling could start releasing hydrogen at 57.5℃,and the total hydrogen release can reach over 88.8%(4.45%(mass))of the theoretical capacity.When the 19NaBH_(4)-16XE composite was pressed into solid blocks,the volumetric hydrogen capacity of the block-shaped composite could reach 67.2 g·L^(–1).By controlling the temperature,the hydrogen desorption capacity of the NaBH_(4)-XE composite material was controllable,which has great potential for achieving solid-state hydrogen production from NaBH_(4).
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.W2411033,42202232,42030305)to Jing LIU-ZENGthe Fellowships of Young Scientists Fund of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.42202212)+1 种基金Young Scientists Fund of Tianjin(Grant No.23JCQNJC02000)to Guiming HUthe National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.42272242)to Yanxiu SHAO。
文摘Soil liquefaction is a common feature triggered by coseismic shaking.Thus,analysis of ancient earthquake-induced liquefaction can uncover the timing and frequency of paleoseismicity.However,its potential remains an under-explored component in constraining paleoseismic events.One key issue is to accurately date the timing of paleoliquefied events and to correlate coeval liquefaction features with paleoseismic events.This study demonstrates the application of optically stimulated luminescence(OSL)dating to constrain the ages of coseismic liquefaction features generated by the 2021 Maduo earthquake and previous paleoearthquakes along the Jiangcuo fault.Assuming that the OSL signals in the sand blow sediments are fully reset at the top indicates that the paleoliquefaction events ruptured the paleosurface.Furthermore,the OSL age of the paleosurface,which is covered by the liquefied materials,provides an estimate for the real age of the paleoearthquake.At the Erlongwa site,we identified three distinct liquefied events.OSL dating directly constrains the most recent 2021 Maduo earthquake and two paleoearthquakes,which occurred at around 5 ka,and around 12–13 ka,respectively.Our results highlight the great potential of OSL dating of paleoliquefaction features to elucidate paleoseismic records in settings,i.e.,blind faults buried within alluvium and shallow lacustrine sediments,where liquefaction evidence may be primary,or even exclusive.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.42030305,W2411033)the National Key Research and Development Project(Grant No.2024ZD1001105)the State Key Laboratory of Earthquake Dynamics and Earthquake Prediction(Grant No.LED2022A03)。
文摘The Tibetan Plateau is bounded by the Altyn Tagh left-lateral strike-slip fault system in the northwest,unlike the common thrust fault-bounded margins in the south or east.Quantifying surface denudation rate along this enigmatic margin is important for understanding tectonic-geomorphic evolution and deep dynamic processes at margins of the Tibetan Plateau.In this study,we collected modern river sand samples from 29 drainage basins along the eastern section of the Altyn Tagh fault zone and analyzed the concentrations of terrestrial in-situ cosmogenic nuclides26Al and10Be.The26Al-10Be paired-nuclide method is effective in verifying the assumptions of steady-state denudation and short-term sediment transportation time in these basins,thereby ensuring the reliability of derived denudation rates.We found that10Be-derived basin-wide denudation rates range from15 to 610 mm kyr^(-1).Denudation rates are notably enhanced in locations with structural complexities that allow enhanced vertical uplift along this strike-slip fault system,such as restraining double bends and kinematic transition zones of fault junctions,and that the local topography becomes significantly steeper.This finding indicates that local tectonic uplift is the dominant factor governing topographic relief,as well as the intensity and spatial distribution of surface denudation.Basin-wide denudation rates exhibit a non-linear positive correlation with slope gradient,topographic relief,and channel steepness index(k_(sn)),suggesting that topographic indexes constitute robust proxies for estimating denudation rates in this region.Conversely,no discernible correlation was detected between denudation rates and rainfall or vegetation indices.Moreover,the spatial heterogeneity in rock type and thus erodibility exert non-negligible effects on surface denudation and landscape evolution,particularly in areas where tectonic uplift is less dominant.Our study provides for the first time millennial basin-wide denudation rates and their spatial distribution patterns along the northwestern margin of the Tibetan Plateau,and reveals the interplay between surface denudation and tectonic deformation along the Altyn Tagh fault.The results thereby fill an important knowledge gap in understanding surface processes across the poorly-understood plateau's northwestern margin.
