Seasonal cycles of phytoplankton blooms are crucial to marine ecosystems and highly sensitive to environmental fluctuations.Rapid climate change has a profound impact on regional environmental conditions,thereby affec...Seasonal cycles of phytoplankton blooms are crucial to marine ecosystems and highly sensitive to environmental fluctuations.Rapid climate change has a profound impact on regional environmental conditions,thereby affecting seasonal blooms at both regional and global scales.The western Antarctic Peninsula(WAP)is one of the most productive regions in the Southern Ocean and has experienced accelerated climate change in recent decades.However,the impact of climate change on bloom dynamics in this region remains uncertain due to regional variability and the complex interplay of environmental factors.Using 26 a(1998−2023)of satellite data,this study examines patterns and trends in bloom seasonal metrics on the southern WAP,and further explores the impact of large-scale climate drivers.A key finding was a clear shift in bloom timing,with earlier and longer blooms observed during 2012−2023.These shifts were associated with reduced spring sea ice extent(SIE),which correlated with warming spring sea surface air temperatures(SAT).Atmospheric teleconnections,particularly the El Niño-Southern Oscillation(ENSO)and Southern Annular Mode(SAM)in spring,were linked to changes in SAT and sea ice dynamics.This study highlights the role of climate drivers in altering bloom dynamics,potentially affecting local marine food webs,and underscores the need for further research to understand Antarctic ecosystem evolution under future climate scenarios.展开更多
Lidar techniques present a distinctive ability to resolve vertical structure of optical properties within the upper water column at both day-and night-time.However,accuracy challenges remain for existing lidar instrum...Lidar techniques present a distinctive ability to resolve vertical structure of optical properties within the upper water column at both day-and night-time.However,accuracy challenges remain for existing lidar instruments due to the ill-posed nature of elastic backscatter lidar retrievals and multiple scattering.Here we demonstrate the high performance of,to the best of our knowledge,the first shipborne oceanic high-spectral-resolution lidar(HSRL)and illustrate a multiple scattering correction algorithm to rigorously address the above challenges in estimating the depth-resolved diffuse attenuation coefficient Kd and the particulate backscattering coefficient bbp at 532 nm.HSRL data were collected during day-and night-time within the coastal areas of East China Sea and South China Sea,which are connected by the Taiwan Strait.Results include vertical profiles from open ocean waters to moderate turbid waters and first lidar continuous observation of diel vertical distribution of thin layers at a fixed station.The root-mean-square relative differences between the HSRL and coincident in situ measurements are 5.6%and 9.1%for Kd and bbp,respectively,corresponding to an improvement of 2.7-13.5 and 4.9-44.1 times,respectively,with respect to elastic backscatter lidar methods.Shipborne oceanic HSRLs with high performance are expected to be of paramount importance for the construction of 3D map of ocean ecosystem.展开更多
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China under contract Nos 42325602 and 41976164the National Key Research and Development Program of China under contract No.2022YFC2807601.
文摘Seasonal cycles of phytoplankton blooms are crucial to marine ecosystems and highly sensitive to environmental fluctuations.Rapid climate change has a profound impact on regional environmental conditions,thereby affecting seasonal blooms at both regional and global scales.The western Antarctic Peninsula(WAP)is one of the most productive regions in the Southern Ocean and has experienced accelerated climate change in recent decades.However,the impact of climate change on bloom dynamics in this region remains uncertain due to regional variability and the complex interplay of environmental factors.Using 26 a(1998−2023)of satellite data,this study examines patterns and trends in bloom seasonal metrics on the southern WAP,and further explores the impact of large-scale climate drivers.A key finding was a clear shift in bloom timing,with earlier and longer blooms observed during 2012−2023.These shifts were associated with reduced spring sea ice extent(SIE),which correlated with warming spring sea surface air temperatures(SAT).Atmospheric teleconnections,particularly the El Niño-Southern Oscillation(ENSO)and Southern Annular Mode(SAM)in spring,were linked to changes in SAT and sea ice dynamics.This study highlights the role of climate drivers in altering bloom dynamics,potentially affecting local marine food webs,and underscores the need for further research to understand Antarctic ecosystem evolution under future climate scenarios.
基金This study was supported by Excellent Young Scientist Program of Zhejang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(LR19D050001)National Key ResearchandDevelopment Programof China(2016YFC1400900)+1 种基金Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(international team)Scientific Research Foundation for Talent Introduction(20201203Z0175,20201203Z0177)of Zhejiang University Ningbo Campus.
文摘Lidar techniques present a distinctive ability to resolve vertical structure of optical properties within the upper water column at both day-and night-time.However,accuracy challenges remain for existing lidar instruments due to the ill-posed nature of elastic backscatter lidar retrievals and multiple scattering.Here we demonstrate the high performance of,to the best of our knowledge,the first shipborne oceanic high-spectral-resolution lidar(HSRL)and illustrate a multiple scattering correction algorithm to rigorously address the above challenges in estimating the depth-resolved diffuse attenuation coefficient Kd and the particulate backscattering coefficient bbp at 532 nm.HSRL data were collected during day-and night-time within the coastal areas of East China Sea and South China Sea,which are connected by the Taiwan Strait.Results include vertical profiles from open ocean waters to moderate turbid waters and first lidar continuous observation of diel vertical distribution of thin layers at a fixed station.The root-mean-square relative differences between the HSRL and coincident in situ measurements are 5.6%and 9.1%for Kd and bbp,respectively,corresponding to an improvement of 2.7-13.5 and 4.9-44.1 times,respectively,with respect to elastic backscatter lidar methods.Shipborne oceanic HSRLs with high performance are expected to be of paramount importance for the construction of 3D map of ocean ecosystem.
