Objective:To investigate the protective effects and mechanisms of action of dexamethasone and Salvia miltiorrhiza on multiple organs in rats with severe acute pancreatitis (SAP). Methods:The rats were divided into sha...Objective:To investigate the protective effects and mechanisms of action of dexamethasone and Salvia miltiorrhiza on multiple organs in rats with severe acute pancreatitis (SAP). Methods:The rats were divided into sham-operated, model control, dexamethasone treated, and Salvia miltiorrhiza treated groups. At 3, 6, and 12 h after operation, the mortality rate of different groups, pathological changes, Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax) and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) protein expression levels in multiple organs (the pancreas, liver, kidneys, and lungs), toll-like receptor 4 (TLR-4) protein levels (only in the liver), intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) protein levels (only in the lung), and terminal deoxynucleotidy transferase mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate (dUTP) nick end labeling (TUNEL) staining expression levels, as well as the serum contents of amylase, glutamate-pyruvate transaminase (GPT), glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and creatinine (CREA) were observed. Results:The mortality rate of the dexamethasone treated group was significantly lower than that of the model control group (P<0.05). The pathological changes in multiple organs in the two treated groups were relieved to different degrees (P<0.05 and P<0.01, respectively), the expression levels of Bax and NF-κB proteins, and apoptotic indexes of multiple organs were reduced (P<0.05 and P<0.01, respectively). The contents of amylase, GPT, GOT, BUN, and CREA in the two treated groups were significantly lower than those in model control groups (P<0.05 and P<0.01, respectively). The expression level of ICAM-1 protein in the lungs (at 3 and 12 h) in the dexamethasone treated group was significantly lower than that in the Salvia miltiorrhiza treated group (P<0.05). The serum contents of CREA (at 12 h) and BUN (at 6 h) of the Salvia miltiorrhiza treated group were significantly lower than those in the dexamethasone treated group (P<0.05). Conclusions:Both dexamethasone and Salvia miltiorrhiza can reduce the inflammatory reaction, regulate apoptosis, and thus protect multiple organs of rats with SAP.展开更多
A dual functional CNTs@graphene/CNTs cathode for Li–Se battery was constructed by a CNTs@graphene network and a CNTs interlayer. CNTs were first integrated with graphene to form a three-dimensional（3D） framework an...A dual functional CNTs@graphene/CNTs cathode for Li–Se battery was constructed by a CNTs@graphene network and a CNTs interlayer. CNTs were first integrated with graphene to form a three-dimensional（3D） framework and work together as a conductive matrix for Se confinement. The optimized composite cathode delivers a high initial capacity of 575 mAh·g^-1 at 0.5 A·g^-1 and good rate capacity with a retained capacity of 479 mAh·g^-1 at 2.0 A·g^-1（73% of the capacity at 0.2 A·g^-1）. CNTs were further served as an interlayer to confine the diffusion of polyselenides by constructing a thin CNTs layer outside the CNTs@graphene network. An improved initial capacity of 616 mAh·g^-1 at 0.5 A·g^-1 is achieved with a retained capacity of 538 mAh·g^-1 after 80 cycles, indicating the effective dual function of CNTs in this novel cathode construction and great application potential for Li–Se battery.展开更多
In addition to rice （Oryza sativa L.） cultivars, there are three wild rice species, namely O. rufipogon Griff, O. officinalis Wall and O. granulata Baill, in Yunnan Province, China. Each species has different subtyp...In addition to rice （Oryza sativa L.） cultivars, there are three wild rice species, namely O. rufipogon Griff, O. officinalis Wall and O. granulata Baill, in Yunnan Province, China. Each species has different subtypes and ecological distributions. Yunnan wild rice species are excellent genetic resources for developing new rice cultivars. The nutritional components of the husked seeds of wild rice have not been investigated thus far. Herein, we report on the contents of total protein, starch, amylose, 17 amino acids, and five macro and five trace mineral elements in husked seeds from three wild rice species and six O. sativa cultivars. The mean （± SD） protein content in the husked rice of O. rufipogon, O. officinalis, and O. granulata was （14.5 ± 0.6）%, （16.3 ± 1.1）%, and （15.3 ± 0.5）%, respectively. O. officinalis III originating from Gengma had the highest protein content （19.3%）. In contrast, the average protein content of six O. sativa cultivars was only 9.15%. The total content of 17 amino acids of three wild rice species was 30%-50% higher than that of the six cultivars. Tyrosine, lysine, and valine content in the three wild rice species was 34%-209% higher than that of the cultivars. However, the difference in total starch content among different O. sativa varieties or types of wild rice species was very small. The average amylose content of O. rufipogon, O. officinalis, and O. granulata was 12.0%, 9.7%, and 11.3%, respectively, much lower than that of the indica and japonica varieties （14.37%-17.17%） but much higher than that of the glutinous rice cultivars （3.89%）. The sulfur, phosphorus, magnesium, zinc, and ferrite content in the three wild rice species was 30%-158% higher than that of the six cultivars. The considerable difference in some nutritional components among wild rice species and O. sativa cultivars represents a wide biodiversity of Yunnan Oryza species. Based on the results of the present study, it is predicted that some good genetic traits, especially high protein and ideal amylose content, of Yunnan wild rice species may be useful in improving the nutritional value of rice. This is the first report regarding the amino acid, mineral element, protein and amylose content of husked seeds of some Yunnan wild rice species that have important genetic characteristics for rice quality and nutritional value.展开更多
基金Project (No. 2010382) supported by the Foundation for the Excellent Middle-Aged and Talented Young Persons of Zhejiang Province"151", China
文摘Objective:To investigate the protective effects and mechanisms of action of dexamethasone and Salvia miltiorrhiza on multiple organs in rats with severe acute pancreatitis (SAP). Methods:The rats were divided into sham-operated, model control, dexamethasone treated, and Salvia miltiorrhiza treated groups. At 3, 6, and 12 h after operation, the mortality rate of different groups, pathological changes, Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax) and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) protein expression levels in multiple organs (the pancreas, liver, kidneys, and lungs), toll-like receptor 4 (TLR-4) protein levels (only in the liver), intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) protein levels (only in the lung), and terminal deoxynucleotidy transferase mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate (dUTP) nick end labeling (TUNEL) staining expression levels, as well as the serum contents of amylase, glutamate-pyruvate transaminase (GPT), glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and creatinine (CREA) were observed. Results:The mortality rate of the dexamethasone treated group was significantly lower than that of the model control group (P<0.05). The pathological changes in multiple organs in the two treated groups were relieved to different degrees (P<0.05 and P<0.01, respectively), the expression levels of Bax and NF-κB proteins, and apoptotic indexes of multiple organs were reduced (P<0.05 and P<0.01, respectively). The contents of amylase, GPT, GOT, BUN, and CREA in the two treated groups were significantly lower than those in model control groups (P<0.05 and P<0.01, respectively). The expression level of ICAM-1 protein in the lungs (at 3 and 12 h) in the dexamethasone treated group was significantly lower than that in the Salvia miltiorrhiza treated group (P<0.05). The serum contents of CREA (at 12 h) and BUN (at 6 h) of the Salvia miltiorrhiza treated group were significantly lower than those in the dexamethasone treated group (P<0.05). Conclusions:Both dexamethasone and Salvia miltiorrhiza can reduce the inflammatory reaction, regulate apoptosis, and thus protect multiple organs of rats with SAP.
基金financially supported by the National Basic Research Program of China(No.2014CB932400)the National Science Foundation of China(Nos.21406161 and 51602220)
文摘A dual functional CNTs@graphene/CNTs cathode for Li–Se battery was constructed by a CNTs@graphene network and a CNTs interlayer. CNTs were first integrated with graphene to form a three-dimensional（3D） framework and work together as a conductive matrix for Se confinement. The optimized composite cathode delivers a high initial capacity of 575 mAh·g^-1 at 0.5 A·g^-1 and good rate capacity with a retained capacity of 479 mAh·g^-1 at 2.0 A·g^-1（73% of the capacity at 0.2 A·g^-1）. CNTs were further served as an interlayer to confine the diffusion of polyselenides by constructing a thin CNTs layer outside the CNTs@graphene network. An improved initial capacity of 616 mAh·g^-1 at 0.5 A·g^-1 is achieved with a retained capacity of 538 mAh·g^-1 after 80 cycles, indicating the effective dual function of CNTs in this novel cathode construction and great application potential for Li–Se battery.
文摘In addition to rice （Oryza sativa L.） cultivars, there are three wild rice species, namely O. rufipogon Griff, O. officinalis Wall and O. granulata Baill, in Yunnan Province, China. Each species has different subtypes and ecological distributions. Yunnan wild rice species are excellent genetic resources for developing new rice cultivars. The nutritional components of the husked seeds of wild rice have not been investigated thus far. Herein, we report on the contents of total protein, starch, amylose, 17 amino acids, and five macro and five trace mineral elements in husked seeds from three wild rice species and six O. sativa cultivars. The mean （± SD） protein content in the husked rice of O. rufipogon, O. officinalis, and O. granulata was （14.5 ± 0.6）%, （16.3 ± 1.1）%, and （15.3 ± 0.5）%, respectively. O. officinalis III originating from Gengma had the highest protein content （19.3%）. In contrast, the average protein content of six O. sativa cultivars was only 9.15%. The total content of 17 amino acids of three wild rice species was 30%-50% higher than that of the six cultivars. Tyrosine, lysine, and valine content in the three wild rice species was 34%-209% higher than that of the cultivars. However, the difference in total starch content among different O. sativa varieties or types of wild rice species was very small. The average amylose content of O. rufipogon, O. officinalis, and O. granulata was 12.0%, 9.7%, and 11.3%, respectively, much lower than that of the indica and japonica varieties （14.37%-17.17%） but much higher than that of the glutinous rice cultivars （3.89%）. The sulfur, phosphorus, magnesium, zinc, and ferrite content in the three wild rice species was 30%-158% higher than that of the six cultivars. The considerable difference in some nutritional components among wild rice species and O. sativa cultivars represents a wide biodiversity of Yunnan Oryza species. Based on the results of the present study, it is predicted that some good genetic traits, especially high protein and ideal amylose content, of Yunnan wild rice species may be useful in improving the nutritional value of rice. This is the first report regarding the amino acid, mineral element, protein and amylose content of husked seeds of some Yunnan wild rice species that have important genetic characteristics for rice quality and nutritional value.
