BACKGROUND A recent investigation showed that the prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)is 12.8%among individuals of Han ethnicity.Gut microbiota has been reported to play a central role in T2DM.Goto-Kakizaki(GK...BACKGROUND A recent investigation showed that the prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)is 12.8%among individuals of Han ethnicity.Gut microbiota has been reported to play a central role in T2DM.Goto-Kakizaki(GK)rats show differences in gut microbiota compared to non-diabetic rats.Previous studies have indicated that berberine could be successfully used to manage T2DM.We sought to understand its hypoglycaemic effect and role in the regulation of the gut microbiota.AIM To determine whether berberine can regulate glucose metabolism in GK rats via the gut microbiota.METHODS GK rats were acclimatized for 1 wk.The GK rats were randomly divided into three groups and administered saline(Mo),metformin(Me),or berberine(Be).The observation time was 8 wk,and weight,fasting blood glucose(FBG),insulin,and glucagon-like peptide-1(GLP-1)were measured.Pancreatic tissue was observed for pathological changes.Additionally,we sequenced the 16S rRNA V3-V4 region of the gut microbiota and analysed the structure.RESULTS Compared with the Mo group,the Me and Be groups displayed significant differences in FBG(P<0.01)and GLP-1(P<0.05).A significant decrease in weight and homeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance was noted in the Be group compared with those in the Me group(P<0.01).The pancreatic islets of the Me-and Be-treated rats showed improvement in number,shape,and necrosis compared with those of Mo-treated rats.A total of 580 operational taxonomic units were obtained in the three groups.Compared to the Mo group,the Me and Be groups showed a shift in the structure of the gut microbiota.Correlation analysis indicated that FBG was strongly positively correlated with Clostridia_UCG-014(P<0.01)and negatively correlated with Allobaculum(P<0.01).Body weight showed a positive correlation with Desulfovibrionaceae(P<0.01)and a negative correlation with Akkermansia(P<0.01).Importantly,our results demonstrated that Me and Be could significantly decrease Bacteroidetes(P<0.01)and the Bacteroidetes/Firmicutes ratio(P<0.01).Furthermore,Muribaculaceae(P<0.01;P<0.05)was significantly decreased in the Me and Be groups,and Allobaculum(P<0.01)was significantly increased.CONCLUSION Berberine has a substantial effect in improving metabolic parameters and modulating the gut microbiota composition in T2DM rats.展开更多
Low concentration alkaline leaching was used for predesilication treatment of low-grade pyrolusite. The effects of initial NaOH concentration, liquid-to-solid ratio, leaching temperature, leaching time and stirring sp...Low concentration alkaline leaching was used for predesilication treatment of low-grade pyrolusite. The effects of initial NaOH concentration, liquid-to-solid ratio, leaching temperature, leaching time and stirring speed on silica leaching rate were investigated and the kinetics of alkaline leaching process was studied. The results show that silica leaching rate reached 91.2% under the conditions of initial NaOH concentration of 20%, liquid-to-solid ratio of 4：1, leaching temperature of 180 ℃, leaching time of 4 h and stirring speed of 300 r/min. Shrinking-core model showed that the leaching process was controlled by the chemical surface reaction with activation energy Ea of 53.31 k J/mol. The fluidized roasting conditions for preparation of sodium manganate were optimized by the orthogonal experiments using the desiliconized residue. The conversion rate of sodium manganate was obtained to be 89.7% under the conditions of silica leaching rate of 91.2%, NaOH/MnO2 mass ratio of 3：1, roasting temperature of 500 ℃ and roasting time of 4 h, and it increased with the increase of silicon leaching rate.展开更多
Background:There is limited information about thymosinα1(Tα1)as adjuvant immunomodulatory therapy,either used alone or combined with other treatments,in patients with non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC).This study aim...Background:There is limited information about thymosinα1(Tα1)as adjuvant immunomodulatory therapy,either used alone or combined with other treatments,in patients with non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC).This study aimed to evaluate the effect of adjuvant Tα1 treatment on long-term survival in margin-free(R0)-resected stage IA–IIIA NSCLC patients.Methods:A total of 5746 patients with pathologic stage IA-IIIA NSCLC who underwent R0 resection were included.The patients were divided into the Tα1 group and the control group according to whether they received Tα1 or not.A propensity score matching(PSM)analysis was performed to reduce bias,resulting in 1027 pairs of patients.Results:After PSM,the baseline clinicopathological characteristics were similar between the two groups.The 5-year disease-free survival(DFS)and overall survival(OS)rates were significantly higher in the Tα1 group compared with the control group.The multivariable analysis showed that Tα1 treatment was independently associated with an improved prognosis.A longer duration of Tα1 treatment was associated with improved OS and DFS.The subgroup analyses showed that Tα1 therapy could improve the DFS and/or OS in all subgroups of age,sex,Charlson Comorbidity Index(CCI),smoking status,and pathological tumor-node-metastasis(TNM)stage,especially for patients with non-squamous cell NSCLC and without targeted therapy.Conclusion:Tα1 as adjuvant immunomodulatory therapy can significantly improve DFS and OS in patients with NSCLC after R0 resection,except for patients with squamous cell carcinoma and those receiving targeted therapy.The duration of Tα1 treatment is recommended to be>24 months.展开更多
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81603574 and No.81774286National Key Research and Development Program,No.2018YFC1704202 and No.2020YFE0201800+1 种基金University Scientific Research Projects of Anhui,No.KJ2020A0401 and No.KJ2019A0442Province Science Foundation of Anhui,No.1708085QH213.
文摘BACKGROUND A recent investigation showed that the prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)is 12.8%among individuals of Han ethnicity.Gut microbiota has been reported to play a central role in T2DM.Goto-Kakizaki(GK)rats show differences in gut microbiota compared to non-diabetic rats.Previous studies have indicated that berberine could be successfully used to manage T2DM.We sought to understand its hypoglycaemic effect and role in the regulation of the gut microbiota.AIM To determine whether berberine can regulate glucose metabolism in GK rats via the gut microbiota.METHODS GK rats were acclimatized for 1 wk.The GK rats were randomly divided into three groups and administered saline(Mo),metformin(Me),or berberine(Be).The observation time was 8 wk,and weight,fasting blood glucose(FBG),insulin,and glucagon-like peptide-1(GLP-1)were measured.Pancreatic tissue was observed for pathological changes.Additionally,we sequenced the 16S rRNA V3-V4 region of the gut microbiota and analysed the structure.RESULTS Compared with the Mo group,the Me and Be groups displayed significant differences in FBG(P<0.01)and GLP-1(P<0.05).A significant decrease in weight and homeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance was noted in the Be group compared with those in the Me group(P<0.01).The pancreatic islets of the Me-and Be-treated rats showed improvement in number,shape,and necrosis compared with those of Mo-treated rats.A total of 580 operational taxonomic units were obtained in the three groups.Compared to the Mo group,the Me and Be groups showed a shift in the structure of the gut microbiota.Correlation analysis indicated that FBG was strongly positively correlated with Clostridia_UCG-014(P<0.01)and negatively correlated with Allobaculum(P<0.01).Body weight showed a positive correlation with Desulfovibrionaceae(P<0.01)and a negative correlation with Akkermansia(P<0.01).Importantly,our results demonstrated that Me and Be could significantly decrease Bacteroidetes(P<0.01)and the Bacteroidetes/Firmicutes ratio(P<0.01).Furthermore,Muribaculaceae(P<0.01;P<0.05)was significantly decreased in the Me and Be groups,and Allobaculum(P<0.01)was significantly increased.CONCLUSION Berberine has a substantial effect in improving metabolic parameters and modulating the gut microbiota composition in T2DM rats.
基金Project(2015ZX07205-003)supported by the Major Science and Technology Program for Water Pollution Control and Treatment,ChinaProject(DY125-15-T-08)supported by the China Ocean Mineral Resources Research&Development ProgramProjects(21176026,21176242)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘Low concentration alkaline leaching was used for predesilication treatment of low-grade pyrolusite. The effects of initial NaOH concentration, liquid-to-solid ratio, leaching temperature, leaching time and stirring speed on silica leaching rate were investigated and the kinetics of alkaline leaching process was studied. The results show that silica leaching rate reached 91.2% under the conditions of initial NaOH concentration of 20%, liquid-to-solid ratio of 4：1, leaching temperature of 180 ℃, leaching time of 4 h and stirring speed of 300 r/min. Shrinking-core model showed that the leaching process was controlled by the chemical surface reaction with activation energy Ea of 53.31 k J/mol. The fluidized roasting conditions for preparation of sodium manganate were optimized by the orthogonal experiments using the desiliconized residue. The conversion rate of sodium manganate was obtained to be 89.7% under the conditions of silica leaching rate of 91.2%, NaOH/MnO2 mass ratio of 3：1, roasting temperature of 500 ℃ and roasting time of 4 h, and it increased with the increase of silicon leaching rate.
基金1.3.5 project for disciplines of excellence,West China Hospital,Sichuan University(Nos.ZYGD18021 and ZYJC18009).
文摘Background:There is limited information about thymosinα1(Tα1)as adjuvant immunomodulatory therapy,either used alone or combined with other treatments,in patients with non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC).This study aimed to evaluate the effect of adjuvant Tα1 treatment on long-term survival in margin-free(R0)-resected stage IA–IIIA NSCLC patients.Methods:A total of 5746 patients with pathologic stage IA-IIIA NSCLC who underwent R0 resection were included.The patients were divided into the Tα1 group and the control group according to whether they received Tα1 or not.A propensity score matching(PSM)analysis was performed to reduce bias,resulting in 1027 pairs of patients.Results:After PSM,the baseline clinicopathological characteristics were similar between the two groups.The 5-year disease-free survival(DFS)and overall survival(OS)rates were significantly higher in the Tα1 group compared with the control group.The multivariable analysis showed that Tα1 treatment was independently associated with an improved prognosis.A longer duration of Tα1 treatment was associated with improved OS and DFS.The subgroup analyses showed that Tα1 therapy could improve the DFS and/or OS in all subgroups of age,sex,Charlson Comorbidity Index(CCI),smoking status,and pathological tumor-node-metastasis(TNM)stage,especially for patients with non-squamous cell NSCLC and without targeted therapy.Conclusion:Tα1 as adjuvant immunomodulatory therapy can significantly improve DFS and OS in patients with NSCLC after R0 resection,except for patients with squamous cell carcinoma and those receiving targeted therapy.The duration of Tα1 treatment is recommended to be>24 months.
