BACKGROUND Prostate cancer(PCa)is one of the most common cancers among men.Various strategies for targeted biopsy based on multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging(mp-MRI)have emerged,which may improve the accuracy ...BACKGROUND Prostate cancer(PCa)is one of the most common cancers among men.Various strategies for targeted biopsy based on multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging(mp-MRI)have emerged,which may improve the accuracy of detecting clinically significant PCa in recent years.AIM To investigate the diagnostic efficiency of a template for cognitive MRIultrasound fusion transperineal targeted plus randomized biopsy in detecting PCa.METHODS Data from patients with an increasing prostate-specific antigen(PSA)level but less than 20 ng/mL and at least one lesion suspicious for PCa on MRI from December 2015 to June 2018 were retrospectively analyzed.All patients underwent cognitive fusion transperineal template-guided targeted biopsy followed by randomized biopsy outside the targeted area.A total of 127 patients with complete data were included in the final analysis.A multivariable logistic regression analysis was conducted,and a two-sided P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.RESULTS PCa was detected in 66 of 127 patients,and 56 cases presented clinically significant PCa.Cognitive fusion targeted biopsy alone detected 59/127 cases of PCa,specifically 52/59 cases with clinically significant PCa and 7/59 cases with clinically insignificant PCa.A randomized biopsy detected seven cases of PCa negative on targeted biopsy,and four cases had clinically significant PCa.PSA density(OR:1.008,95%CI:1.003-1.012,P=0.001;OR:1.006,95%CI:1.002-1.010,P=0.004)and Prostate Imaging-Reporting and Data System(PI-RADS)scores(both P<0.001)were independently associated with the results of cognitive fusion targeted biopsy combined with randomized biopsy and targeted biopsy alone.CONCLUSION This single-centered study proposed a feasible template for cognitive MRIultrasound fusion transperineal targeted plus randomized biopsy.Patients with higher PSAD and PI-RADS scores were more likely to be diagnosed with PCa.展开更多
Flexible dispersion manipulation is critical for holography to achieve broadband imaging or frequency division multiplexing.Within this context,metasurface-based holography offers advanced dispersion control,Yet dynam...Flexible dispersion manipulation is critical for holography to achieve broadband imaging or frequency division multiplexing.Within this context,metasurface-based holography offers advanced dispersion control,Yet dynamic reconfigurability remains largely unexplored.This work develops a dispersion-engineered inverse design framework that enables 3D multi-plane frequency-reconfigurable holography through a twisted metasurface system.The physical implementation is based on a compact bilayer configuration that cascades the broadband radiation-type metasurface(RA-M)and phaseonly metasurface(P-M).The RA-M provides a phase-adjustable input to excite P-M,while the rotation of P-M creates a reconfigurable response of holograms.By employing the proposed scheme,dynamic switching of space-frequency multiplexing and achromatic holograms is designed and experimentally demonstrated in the microwave region.This method advances flexible dispersion engineering for metasurfacebased holography,and the compact system holds significant potential for applications in near-field computational imaging/detection,high-speed high-data-capacity nearfield wireless communication,and switchable meta-devices.展开更多
Fifth-generation(5G)communication requires spatial multiplexing multiple-input multiple-output systems with integrated hardware.With the increase in the number of users and emergence of the Internet of Things devices,...Fifth-generation(5G)communication requires spatial multiplexing multiple-input multiple-output systems with integrated hardware.With the increase in the number of users and emergence of the Internet of Things devices,complex beamforming devices have become particularly important in future wireless systems to meet different communication requirements,where independent amplitude and phase modulations are urgently required for integrated beamforming devices.Herein,by utilizing the constructive interference between multiple geometricphase responses,the mathematical relation for decoupling amplitude and phase modulations in the radiation-type operational mode is derived.Based on this strategy,complex-amplitude radiation-type metasurfaces(RA-Ms)are implemented,with an integrated feeding network.Such metasurfaces exploit full 2πphase modulation and tailorable radiation amplitude in the circular polarization state.Meanwhile,a complex-amplitude retrieval method is developed to design the RA-Ms,enabling precise beamforming performances.On this basis,several functional devices based on the complex-amplitude RA-Ms,including energy-allocable multi-router,shape-editable beam generator,and complex beamformer,are demonstrated in the microwave region.The amplitude-phase decoupling mechanism with the retrieval method merges amplitude and phase modulations,and energy distribution into one compact and integrated electromagnetic component and may find applications in multi-target detection,5G mobile communication,and short-range ground-to-sea radar.展开更多
基金the Beijing Hospital Clinical Research 121 Project(BJ-2018-090 to Ming Liu).
文摘BACKGROUND Prostate cancer(PCa)is one of the most common cancers among men.Various strategies for targeted biopsy based on multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging(mp-MRI)have emerged,which may improve the accuracy of detecting clinically significant PCa in recent years.AIM To investigate the diagnostic efficiency of a template for cognitive MRIultrasound fusion transperineal targeted plus randomized biopsy in detecting PCa.METHODS Data from patients with an increasing prostate-specific antigen(PSA)level but less than 20 ng/mL and at least one lesion suspicious for PCa on MRI from December 2015 to June 2018 were retrospectively analyzed.All patients underwent cognitive fusion transperineal template-guided targeted biopsy followed by randomized biopsy outside the targeted area.A total of 127 patients with complete data were included in the final analysis.A multivariable logistic regression analysis was conducted,and a two-sided P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.RESULTS PCa was detected in 66 of 127 patients,and 56 cases presented clinically significant PCa.Cognitive fusion targeted biopsy alone detected 59/127 cases of PCa,specifically 52/59 cases with clinically significant PCa and 7/59 cases with clinically insignificant PCa.A randomized biopsy detected seven cases of PCa negative on targeted biopsy,and four cases had clinically significant PCa.PSA density(OR:1.008,95%CI:1.003-1.012,P=0.001;OR:1.006,95%CI:1.002-1.010,P=0.004)and Prostate Imaging-Reporting and Data System(PI-RADS)scores(both P<0.001)were independently associated with the results of cognitive fusion targeted biopsy combined with randomized biopsy and targeted biopsy alone.CONCLUSION This single-centered study proposed a feasible template for cognitive MRIultrasound fusion transperineal targeted plus randomized biopsy.Patients with higher PSAD and PI-RADS scores were more likely to be diagnosed with PCa.
基金financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.61901242,62271170)the National Key Laboratory of Laser Spatial Information Foundation,and Frontier Science Center for Interaction between Space Environment and Matter Foundation.
文摘Flexible dispersion manipulation is critical for holography to achieve broadband imaging or frequency division multiplexing.Within this context,metasurface-based holography offers advanced dispersion control,Yet dynamic reconfigurability remains largely unexplored.This work develops a dispersion-engineered inverse design framework that enables 3D multi-plane frequency-reconfigurable holography through a twisted metasurface system.The physical implementation is based on a compact bilayer configuration that cascades the broadband radiation-type metasurface(RA-M)and phaseonly metasurface(P-M).The RA-M provides a phase-adjustable input to excite P-M,while the rotation of P-M creates a reconfigurable response of holograms.By employing the proposed scheme,dynamic switching of space-frequency multiplexing and achromatic holograms is designed and experimentally demonstrated in the microwave region.This method advances flexible dispersion engineering for metasurfacebased holography,and the compact system holds significant potential for applications in near-field computational imaging/detection,high-speed high-data-capacity nearfield wireless communication,and switchable meta-devices.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(61671178,61901242,62271170)。
文摘Fifth-generation(5G)communication requires spatial multiplexing multiple-input multiple-output systems with integrated hardware.With the increase in the number of users and emergence of the Internet of Things devices,complex beamforming devices have become particularly important in future wireless systems to meet different communication requirements,where independent amplitude and phase modulations are urgently required for integrated beamforming devices.Herein,by utilizing the constructive interference between multiple geometricphase responses,the mathematical relation for decoupling amplitude and phase modulations in the radiation-type operational mode is derived.Based on this strategy,complex-amplitude radiation-type metasurfaces(RA-Ms)are implemented,with an integrated feeding network.Such metasurfaces exploit full 2πphase modulation and tailorable radiation amplitude in the circular polarization state.Meanwhile,a complex-amplitude retrieval method is developed to design the RA-Ms,enabling precise beamforming performances.On this basis,several functional devices based on the complex-amplitude RA-Ms,including energy-allocable multi-router,shape-editable beam generator,and complex beamformer,are demonstrated in the microwave region.The amplitude-phase decoupling mechanism with the retrieval method merges amplitude and phase modulations,and energy distribution into one compact and integrated electromagnetic component and may find applications in multi-target detection,5G mobile communication,and short-range ground-to-sea radar.
