背景 随着“以患者为中心”的医学模式的转变,患者在医疗服务中的角色和地位越来越重要,患者对自身健康相关信息的报告在识别/监测症状、评估治疗效果以及在医患共享决策等方面体现出其独特的临床价值。然而,我国患者报告结局(PROs)相...背景 随着“以患者为中心”的医学模式的转变,患者在医疗服务中的角色和地位越来越重要,患者对自身健康相关信息的报告在识别/监测症状、评估治疗效果以及在医患共享决策等方面体现出其独特的临床价值。然而,我国患者报告结局(PROs)相关研究还处于起步阶段,尚缺乏基于PROs的文献计量学研究。目的 了解国际PROs研究成果及研究热点,为我国开展相关研究提供借鉴与参考。方法 基于“Web of Science核心合集”数据库,运用文献计量学分析方法和CiteSpaceⅤ软件对PROs相关研究的年度变化、主要国家/地区、机构、期刊、关键词及研究热点进行可视化分析,检索时间为建库至2019年8月。结果 通过检索最终获得3 288篇相关文献;近年来PROs相关研究报道逐年增多,美国发文量最多,为1 815篇(55.20%);发文量最多的研究机构为美国西北大学;相关研究共发表在822种出版物上,以Quality of Life Research发文量最多(148篇);中心性排名靠前的关键词为生活质量(quality of life)、患者报告结局(patient-reported outcome)、量表(questionnaire)、检验(validation)、影响(impact)、信度(reliablity)等,研究热点以PROs、健康相关生活质量、患者报告结局测量、临床应用研究等为主。结论 以美国为首的发达国家在PROs相关研究占有领先地位,我国在该领域的高质量研究还很少,建议国内学者基于我国国情,结合我国传统中医药特色,完善PROs相关研究的发展。展开更多
目的系统评价有关太极拳对心肌梗死患者干预的随机对照试验,以评估太极拳对心肌梗死患者的疗效和安全性。方法检索PubMed、EMbase、Web of Science、Cochrane图书馆、CNKI、维普及万方数据库收集相关研究。检索时间范围从建库到2019年7...目的系统评价有关太极拳对心肌梗死患者干预的随机对照试验,以评估太极拳对心肌梗死患者的疗效和安全性。方法检索PubMed、EMbase、Web of Science、Cochrane图书馆、CNKI、维普及万方数据库收集相关研究。检索时间范围从建库到2019年7月。使用Cochrane偏倚风险评价工具评估纳入文章的偏倚风险。结果共纳入7项RCT,包括591例患者(分为太极拳组和对照组)。Meta分析结果显示:与对照组相比,太极拳组的左室射血分数(LVEF)更高(MD=7.07,95%CI:2.54~11.60,P<0.05);峰值摄氧量(VO2Peak)更高(MD=4.00,95%CI:1.49~6.51,P<0.05);生活质量水平更高[生活质量评价量表(SF-36),MD=23.88,95%CI:16.49~31.27,P<0.05)、明尼苏达生活质量量表(MD=-12.88,95%CI:-17.51^-8.09,P<0.05),其差异有统计学意义。太极拳组在6分钟步行试验(6MWT)距离长短略有改善(MD=91.92,95%CI:1.55~182.28,P=0.05),但在N末端脑钠肽前体(NT-proBNP,MD=-380.84,95%CI:-815.38~53.71,P>0.05)方面,其差异不具有统计学意义。在有安全性报告的研究中,未发生不良事件。结论本研究的证据表明太极拳运动疗法改善心肌梗死患者心功能是有效的,但由于纳入研究的样本量小,研究间显著的异质性较大,上述结论尚需开展更多大规模、高质量的随即对照试验予以证实。展开更多
Mapping mineral prospectivity in vegetated areas is a challenge. For this reason, we aimed to map spatial distribution characteristics of linear structures detected in remote sensing images using fractal and multifrac...Mapping mineral prospectivity in vegetated areas is a challenge. For this reason, we aimed to map spatial distribution characteristics of linear structures detected in remote sensing images using fractal and multifractal models. The selected study area was the Pinghe District of the Fujian Province（China）, located in the Shanghang-Yunxiao polymetallic and alunite ore belt（within the Wuyishan polymetallic belt）, where mineral resources such as copper, molybdenum, gold, silver, iron, lead, zinc, alunite and pyrophyllite have been discovered. The results of our study showed that：（1） the values of fractal dimension for all lineaments, NW-trending lineaments, and NE-trending lineaments, are 1.36, 1.32, and 1.23, respectively, indicating that these lineaments are statistically self-similar;（2） the fractal dimensions of the spatial distribution of the linear structures in the four selected hydrothermal-type ore deposits of the Pinghe District, named Zhongteng, Panchi, Xiaofanshan and Fanshan, are 1.43, 1.52, 1.37 and 1.37, respectively, which are higher than the mean value in South China;（3） the spatial distribution of the linear structures extracted from the remote sensing image and displayed by the contour map of fractal dimensions, correlates well with the known hydrothermal ore deposits; and（4） the results of the anomaly map decomposed by the spectrum-area（S-A） multifractal model is much better than the original fractal dimension contour map, which showed most of the known hydrothermal-type deposits occur in the high anomalous area. It is suggested that a high step tendency possibly matches with the boundary of the volcanic edifice and the deep fault controlling the development of the rock mass and the volcanic edifice. The complexity of the spatial distribution of mapped lineations（faults） in the Pinghe District, characterized by high values in the anomaly map, may be associated with the hydrothermal polymetallic ore mineralization in the study area.展开更多
In response to the challenge posed by low recognition accuracy in rugged terrains with diverse topography as well as feature recognition agricultural settings,this paper presents an optimized version of the YOLOv5 alg...In response to the challenge posed by low recognition accuracy in rugged terrains with diverse topography as well as feature recognition agricultural settings,this paper presents an optimized version of the YOLOv5 algorithm alongside the development of a specialized laser weeding experimental platform designed for precise identification of corn seedlings and weeds.The enhanced YOLOv5 algorithm integrates the effective channel attention(CBAM)mechanism while incorporating the DeepSort tracking algorithm to reduce parameter count for seamless mobile deployment.Ablation tests validated this model’s achievement of 96.2%accuracy along with superior mAP values compared to standard YOLOv5 by margins of 3.1%and 0.7%,respectively.Additionally,three distinct datasets captured different scenarios,and their amalgamation resulted in an impressive recognition rate reaching up to 96.13%.Through comparative assessments against YOLOv8,the model demonstrated lightweight performance improvements,including a notable enhancement of 2.1%in recognition rate coupled with a marginal increase of 0.2%in mAP value,thus ensuring heightened precision and robustness during dynamic object detection within intricate backgrounds.展开更多
Urban Air Mobility(UAM)is an emerging transportation system that aims at revolutionizing urban mobility through the deployment of small electric vertical takeoff and landing(eVTOL)aircraft.The development of UAM is la...Urban Air Mobility(UAM)is an emerging transportation system that aims at revolutionizing urban mobility through the deployment of small electric vertical takeoff and landing(eVTOL)aircraft.The development of UAM is largely driven by advances in Intelligent Technology(IT).This review article provides an overview of the UAM system and discusses the application of IT in UAM.Major challenges facing UAM are also identified,and an outlook on the future of this promising transportation system is presented.Our main conclusions suggest that IT is a fundamental driver of UAM,enabling a range of applications such as air traffic management and autonomous drone control.However,the UAM system is facing a number of challenges,including eVTOL technology,system integration issues,and noise pollution.Despite these challenges,the future of UAM appears promising;as a disruptive transportation mode,UAM is expected to play an important role in addressing the growing demand of urban transportation in the coming decades.展开更多
In waterfront geotechnical engineering,seismic and drainage conditions must be considered in the design of retaining structures.This paper proposes a general analytical method to evaluate the seismic active earth pres...In waterfront geotechnical engineering,seismic and drainage conditions must be considered in the design of retaining structures.This paper proposes a general analytical method to evaluate the seismic active earth pressure on a retaining wall with backfill subjected to partial steady seepage flow under seismic conditions.The method comprises the following steps:i)determination of the total head,ii)upper bound solution of seismic active earth thrust,and iii)deduction for the earth pressure distribution.The determination of total head h(x,z)relies on the Fourier series expansions,and the expressions of the seismic active earth thrust and pressure are derived by using the upper bound theorem.Parametric studies reveal that insufficient drainage and earthquakes are crucial factors that cause unfavorable earth pressure.The numerical results confirm the validity of the total head distribution.Comparisons indicate that the proposed method is consistent with other relevant existing methods in terms of predicting seismic active earth pressure.The method can be applied to the seismic design of waterfront retaining walls.展开更多
文摘背景 随着“以患者为中心”的医学模式的转变,患者在医疗服务中的角色和地位越来越重要,患者对自身健康相关信息的报告在识别/监测症状、评估治疗效果以及在医患共享决策等方面体现出其独特的临床价值。然而,我国患者报告结局(PROs)相关研究还处于起步阶段,尚缺乏基于PROs的文献计量学研究。目的 了解国际PROs研究成果及研究热点,为我国开展相关研究提供借鉴与参考。方法 基于“Web of Science核心合集”数据库,运用文献计量学分析方法和CiteSpaceⅤ软件对PROs相关研究的年度变化、主要国家/地区、机构、期刊、关键词及研究热点进行可视化分析,检索时间为建库至2019年8月。结果 通过检索最终获得3 288篇相关文献;近年来PROs相关研究报道逐年增多,美国发文量最多,为1 815篇(55.20%);发文量最多的研究机构为美国西北大学;相关研究共发表在822种出版物上,以Quality of Life Research发文量最多(148篇);中心性排名靠前的关键词为生活质量(quality of life)、患者报告结局(patient-reported outcome)、量表(questionnaire)、检验(validation)、影响(impact)、信度(reliablity)等,研究热点以PROs、健康相关生活质量、患者报告结局测量、临床应用研究等为主。结论 以美国为首的发达国家在PROs相关研究占有领先地位,我国在该领域的高质量研究还很少,建议国内学者基于我国国情,结合我国传统中医药特色,完善PROs相关研究的发展。
文摘目的系统评价有关太极拳对心肌梗死患者干预的随机对照试验,以评估太极拳对心肌梗死患者的疗效和安全性。方法检索PubMed、EMbase、Web of Science、Cochrane图书馆、CNKI、维普及万方数据库收集相关研究。检索时间范围从建库到2019年7月。使用Cochrane偏倚风险评价工具评估纳入文章的偏倚风险。结果共纳入7项RCT,包括591例患者(分为太极拳组和对照组)。Meta分析结果显示:与对照组相比,太极拳组的左室射血分数(LVEF)更高(MD=7.07,95%CI:2.54~11.60,P<0.05);峰值摄氧量(VO2Peak)更高(MD=4.00,95%CI:1.49~6.51,P<0.05);生活质量水平更高[生活质量评价量表(SF-36),MD=23.88,95%CI:16.49~31.27,P<0.05)、明尼苏达生活质量量表(MD=-12.88,95%CI:-17.51^-8.09,P<0.05),其差异有统计学意义。太极拳组在6分钟步行试验(6MWT)距离长短略有改善(MD=91.92,95%CI:1.55~182.28,P=0.05),但在N末端脑钠肽前体(NT-proBNP,MD=-380.84,95%CI:-815.38~53.71,P>0.05)方面,其差异不具有统计学意义。在有安全性报告的研究中,未发生不良事件。结论本研究的证据表明太极拳运动疗法改善心肌梗死患者心功能是有效的,但由于纳入研究的样本量小,研究间显著的异质性较大,上述结论尚需开展更多大规模、高质量的随即对照试验予以证实。
基金supported by the“Quantitative Models for Prediction of Strategic Mineral Resources in China”(No.201211022)by the Ministry of Land and Resources of China and“Integrated Prediction Theory for Mineral Resource in Desert and Grassland Covered Areas and Geoinformation Extraction of Buried Mineral Resource”(No.41430320)by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘Mapping mineral prospectivity in vegetated areas is a challenge. For this reason, we aimed to map spatial distribution characteristics of linear structures detected in remote sensing images using fractal and multifractal models. The selected study area was the Pinghe District of the Fujian Province（China）, located in the Shanghang-Yunxiao polymetallic and alunite ore belt（within the Wuyishan polymetallic belt）, where mineral resources such as copper, molybdenum, gold, silver, iron, lead, zinc, alunite and pyrophyllite have been discovered. The results of our study showed that：（1） the values of fractal dimension for all lineaments, NW-trending lineaments, and NE-trending lineaments, are 1.36, 1.32, and 1.23, respectively, indicating that these lineaments are statistically self-similar;（2） the fractal dimensions of the spatial distribution of the linear structures in the four selected hydrothermal-type ore deposits of the Pinghe District, named Zhongteng, Panchi, Xiaofanshan and Fanshan, are 1.43, 1.52, 1.37 and 1.37, respectively, which are higher than the mean value in South China;（3） the spatial distribution of the linear structures extracted from the remote sensing image and displayed by the contour map of fractal dimensions, correlates well with the known hydrothermal ore deposits; and（4） the results of the anomaly map decomposed by the spectrum-area（S-A） multifractal model is much better than the original fractal dimension contour map, which showed most of the known hydrothermal-type deposits occur in the high anomalous area. It is suggested that a high step tendency possibly matches with the boundary of the volcanic edifice and the deep fault controlling the development of the rock mass and the volcanic edifice. The complexity of the spatial distribution of mapped lineations（faults） in the Pinghe District, characterized by high values in the anomaly map, may be associated with the hydrothermal polymetallic ore mineralization in the study area.
基金supported by Chongqing Science and Technology Bureau Key R&D Projects in Agriculture and Rural Areas(Grant No.cstc2021jscx-gksbX0003)Chongqing Municipal Education Commission Science and Technology Research Project(Grant No.KJZD-M202201302)+2 种基金Chongqing Municipal Science and Technology Bureau Excellence Programme Project(Grant No.20231102)Chongqing Municipal Science and Technology Bureau Innovation and Development Joint Fund Project(Grant No.CSTB2022NSCQ-LZX0024)the 2024 Chongqing Natural Science Foundation Joint Fund for Innovation and Development(Municipal Education Commission)Project(Grant No.CSTB2024NSCQ-LZX0091).
文摘In response to the challenge posed by low recognition accuracy in rugged terrains with diverse topography as well as feature recognition agricultural settings,this paper presents an optimized version of the YOLOv5 algorithm alongside the development of a specialized laser weeding experimental platform designed for precise identification of corn seedlings and weeds.The enhanced YOLOv5 algorithm integrates the effective channel attention(CBAM)mechanism while incorporating the DeepSort tracking algorithm to reduce parameter count for seamless mobile deployment.Ablation tests validated this model’s achievement of 96.2%accuracy along with superior mAP values compared to standard YOLOv5 by margins of 3.1%and 0.7%,respectively.Additionally,three distinct datasets captured different scenarios,and their amalgamation resulted in an impressive recognition rate reaching up to 96.13%.Through comparative assessments against YOLOv8,the model demonstrated lightweight performance improvements,including a notable enhancement of 2.1%in recognition rate coupled with a marginal increase of 0.2%in mAP value,thus ensuring heightened precision and robustness during dynamic object detection within intricate backgrounds.
文摘Urban Air Mobility(UAM)is an emerging transportation system that aims at revolutionizing urban mobility through the deployment of small electric vertical takeoff and landing(eVTOL)aircraft.The development of UAM is largely driven by advances in Intelligent Technology(IT).This review article provides an overview of the UAM system and discusses the application of IT in UAM.Major challenges facing UAM are also identified,and an outlook on the future of this promising transportation system is presented.Our main conclusions suggest that IT is a fundamental driver of UAM,enabling a range of applications such as air traffic management and autonomous drone control.However,the UAM system is facing a number of challenges,including eVTOL technology,system integration issues,and noise pollution.Despite these challenges,the future of UAM appears promising;as a disruptive transportation mode,UAM is expected to play an important role in addressing the growing demand of urban transportation in the coming decades.
文摘In waterfront geotechnical engineering,seismic and drainage conditions must be considered in the design of retaining structures.This paper proposes a general analytical method to evaluate the seismic active earth pressure on a retaining wall with backfill subjected to partial steady seepage flow under seismic conditions.The method comprises the following steps:i)determination of the total head,ii)upper bound solution of seismic active earth thrust,and iii)deduction for the earth pressure distribution.The determination of total head h(x,z)relies on the Fourier series expansions,and the expressions of the seismic active earth thrust and pressure are derived by using the upper bound theorem.Parametric studies reveal that insufficient drainage and earthquakes are crucial factors that cause unfavorable earth pressure.The numerical results confirm the validity of the total head distribution.Comparisons indicate that the proposed method is consistent with other relevant existing methods in terms of predicting seismic active earth pressure.The method can be applied to the seismic design of waterfront retaining walls.
