A healthy intestine plays an important role in the growth and development of farm animals.In small intestine,Paneth cells are well known for their regulation of intestinal microbiota and intestinal stem cells(ISCs).Al...A healthy intestine plays an important role in the growth and development of farm animals.In small intestine,Paneth cells are well known for their regulation of intestinal microbiota and intestinal stem cells(ISCs).Although there has been a lot of studies and reviews on human and murine Paneth cells under intestinal homeostasis or disorders,little is known about Paneth cells in farm animals.Most farm animals possess Paneth cells in their small intestine,as identified by various staining methods,and Paneth cells of various livestock species exhibit noticeable differences in cell shape,granule number,and intestinal distribution.Paneth cells in farm animals and their antimicrobial peptides(AMPs)are susceptible to multiple factors such as dietary nutrients and intestinal infection.Thus,the comprehensive understanding of Paneth cells in different livestock species will contribute to the improvement of intestinal health.This review first summarizes the current status of Paneth cells in pig,cattle,sheep,horse,chicken and rabbit,and points out future directions for the investigation of Paneth cells in the reviewed animals.展开更多
1.Introduction The 14th China National Symposium on Animal Nutrition,convened at the Baiyun International Convention Center in Guangzhou from November 22 to 24,2024,drewan impressive gathering of over 1800 scientists,...1.Introduction The 14th China National Symposium on Animal Nutrition,convened at the Baiyun International Convention Center in Guangzhou from November 22 to 24,2024,drewan impressive gathering of over 1800 scientists,industry professionals and postgraduate students from China as well as overseas.展开更多
The uptake and metabolism of methionine(Met)are critical for epigenetic regulation,redox homeostasis,and embryo development.Our previous study showed that appropriate supplementation of dietary Met promoted the birth ...The uptake and metabolism of methionine(Met)are critical for epigenetic regulation,redox homeostasis,and embryo development.Our previous study showed that appropriate supplementation of dietary Met promoted the birth weight and placental angiogenesis of high-prolific sows.To further explore the metabolic effect of Met on pregnant sows,we have evaluated the influence of dietary Met level on Met metabolism,and the relationship between metabolites of Met and reproductive performance,antioxi-dant ability,and placental angiogenesis throughout the gestation of high-prolific sows.Sixty sows(the 3rd parity,Large White)were randomly divided into 5 groups that were fed diets with standardized ileal digestible(SID)methionine-to-lysine(Met:Lys)ratios of 0.27(control),0.32,0.37,0.42,and 0.47 from the mating day(gestational d 0,G0d)until the farrowing day.HPLC-MS/MS analysis was used to simulta-neously evaluate the metabolites related to Met,e.g.S-adenosylmethionine(SAM),S-adenosylhomo-cysteine(SAH),homocysteine(Hcy),cysteine(Cys),and glutathione(GSH).The concentration of SAM and SAH in plasma had significant fluctuations,especially in late pregnancy.Increasing dietary Met sup-plementation significantly improved the plasma SAM and methylation potential(SAM-to-SAH ratio)at d 114 of pregnancy(G114d).Moreover,a positive association of the plasma SAM concentration at G114d was observed with the litter weight of born alive(P<0.05;R2=0.58).Furthermore,Hcy concentration in plasma was at the lowest level for 0.37 ratio group at G114d.However,it significantly increased during late pregnancy.Moreover,there were negative correlations between plasma Hcy concentration at G114d(P<0.05)and the placental vascular density in the fold and stroma(P<0.05).Compared with the control group,the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor-A(VEGF-A)in the placenta tissue of 0.37 ratio group increased significantly(P<0.05).Collectively,these findings indicate that dietary Met:Lys ratio(0.37 to 0.57)in the pregnant diet dose not influence the antioxidant ability of the high-prolific sows;however,the improvement of fetal development and placental angiogenesis of high-prolific sows by supplementation of Met are closely associated to the key Met-related metabolite of SAM and Hcy,respectively.展开更多
基金the Joint Funds of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U22A20511)China Agriculture Research System(CARS-36)Hubei Provincial Key R&D Program(2021BBA083).
文摘A healthy intestine plays an important role in the growth and development of farm animals.In small intestine,Paneth cells are well known for their regulation of intestinal microbiota and intestinal stem cells(ISCs).Although there has been a lot of studies and reviews on human and murine Paneth cells under intestinal homeostasis or disorders,little is known about Paneth cells in farm animals.Most farm animals possess Paneth cells in their small intestine,as identified by various staining methods,and Paneth cells of various livestock species exhibit noticeable differences in cell shape,granule number,and intestinal distribution.Paneth cells in farm animals and their antimicrobial peptides(AMPs)are susceptible to multiple factors such as dietary nutrients and intestinal infection.Thus,the comprehensive understanding of Paneth cells in different livestock species will contribute to the improvement of intestinal health.This review first summarizes the current status of Paneth cells in pig,cattle,sheep,horse,chicken and rabbit,and points out future directions for the investigation of Paneth cells in the reviewed animals.
文摘1.Introduction The 14th China National Symposium on Animal Nutrition,convened at the Baiyun International Convention Center in Guangzhou from November 22 to 24,2024,drewan impressive gathering of over 1800 scientists,industry professionals and postgraduate students from China as well as overseas.
基金supported by National Key Research and Development Project of China(No.2017YFD0502004)Special fund project for technology innovation of Hubei province(No.2016ABA113)+1 种基金Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities in China(No.2662017PY017)National Key Research and Development Project of China(No.2018YFD0501003)
文摘The uptake and metabolism of methionine(Met)are critical for epigenetic regulation,redox homeostasis,and embryo development.Our previous study showed that appropriate supplementation of dietary Met promoted the birth weight and placental angiogenesis of high-prolific sows.To further explore the metabolic effect of Met on pregnant sows,we have evaluated the influence of dietary Met level on Met metabolism,and the relationship between metabolites of Met and reproductive performance,antioxi-dant ability,and placental angiogenesis throughout the gestation of high-prolific sows.Sixty sows(the 3rd parity,Large White)were randomly divided into 5 groups that were fed diets with standardized ileal digestible(SID)methionine-to-lysine(Met:Lys)ratios of 0.27(control),0.32,0.37,0.42,and 0.47 from the mating day(gestational d 0,G0d)until the farrowing day.HPLC-MS/MS analysis was used to simulta-neously evaluate the metabolites related to Met,e.g.S-adenosylmethionine(SAM),S-adenosylhomo-cysteine(SAH),homocysteine(Hcy),cysteine(Cys),and glutathione(GSH).The concentration of SAM and SAH in plasma had significant fluctuations,especially in late pregnancy.Increasing dietary Met sup-plementation significantly improved the plasma SAM and methylation potential(SAM-to-SAH ratio)at d 114 of pregnancy(G114d).Moreover,a positive association of the plasma SAM concentration at G114d was observed with the litter weight of born alive(P<0.05;R2=0.58).Furthermore,Hcy concentration in plasma was at the lowest level for 0.37 ratio group at G114d.However,it significantly increased during late pregnancy.Moreover,there were negative correlations between plasma Hcy concentration at G114d(P<0.05)and the placental vascular density in the fold and stroma(P<0.05).Compared with the control group,the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor-A(VEGF-A)in the placenta tissue of 0.37 ratio group increased significantly(P<0.05).Collectively,these findings indicate that dietary Met:Lys ratio(0.37 to 0.57)in the pregnant diet dose not influence the antioxidant ability of the high-prolific sows;however,the improvement of fetal development and placental angiogenesis of high-prolific sows by supplementation of Met are closely associated to the key Met-related metabolite of SAM and Hcy,respectively.
