煤层顶板砂岩富水性预测是有待解决的重要问题。以实际测井曲线数据为输入,利用Gassmann方程和AVO(Amplitude Variation with Offset)技术探讨煤层顶板砂岩富水性的预测方法。首先,利用实际测井曲线计算顶板砂岩的纵波速度、孔隙度和泥...煤层顶板砂岩富水性预测是有待解决的重要问题。以实际测井曲线数据为输入,利用Gassmann方程和AVO(Amplitude Variation with Offset)技术探讨煤层顶板砂岩富水性的预测方法。首先,利用实际测井曲线计算顶板砂岩的纵波速度、孔隙度和泥质含量;其次,以Han经验公式为基础,曲面拟合纵波速度、孔隙度和泥质含量间的关系式,并导出砂岩骨架纵波速度;再次,利用Castagna经验公式计算砂岩骨架的横波速度,并建立14种顶板砂岩模型;最后,利用Gassmann方程进行流体替换,计算各模型的纵横波速度和密度,从而正演模拟顶板砂岩的AVO响应。结合理论分析和实例预测,发现截距–梯度交会图可以区分砂岩孔隙度和干湿性,是顶板砂岩富水性预测的一种有效手段。展开更多
With the objective of establishing the necessary conditions for 3D seismic data from mountainous areas in western China, we compared the application results of wave impedance technology in the lithology and exploratio...With the objective of establishing the necessary conditions for 3D seismic data from mountainous areas in western China, we compared the application results of wave impedance technology in the lithology and exploration of coal fields. First, we introduce principles and features of three kinds of inversion methods. i.e., Model-Based Inversion, Constrained Sparse Spike Inversion (CSSI) and Geology-Seismic Feature Inversion. Secondly, these inversion methods are contrasted in their application to 3D seismic data from some coalfields in western China. The main information provided by the research includes: improving the vertical resolution of coal deposit strata, inferring lateral variation of the lithology and predicting coal seams and their roof lithology. Finally, the comparison between the three methods shows that the model-based inversion has the higher resolution, while CSSI inversion has better waveform continuity. The geology-seismic feature inversion requires information from a large number of wells and many types of logging curves of good quality. All three methods can meet the requirements of seismic exploration for lithological exploration in coal fields.展开更多
Active velocity tomography was used to determine the stress state and rock burst hazards in a deep coal mine. The deepest longwall face, number 3207 in the Xingcun colliery, was the location of the field trials. The p...Active velocity tomography was used to determine the stress state and rock burst hazards in a deep coal mine. The deepest longwall face, number 3207 in the Xingcun colliery, was the location of the field trials. The positive correlation between stress and seismic velocity was used to link the velocity data with stratum stresses. A GeoPen SE2404NT data acquisition system was used to collect seismic data from 300 g explosive charges fired by instantaneous electric detonator and located in the tail entry. The geophones were installed on the rock bolts in the head entry of LW3207. Velocity inversion shows an inhomogeneous distribution of stress in the longvvall face that could not be obtained from theory or numerical simulations. Three abnormally high P-wave velocity regions were identified that were located on the corners of the two roadways and at the face end near the rail entry side. The maximum velocity gradient is located at the open cut off near the rail entry and is the area most dangerous for rock burst. Mining-induced tremors recorded by a micro-seismic monitoring system demonstrated that the position of energy release during mining coincides with the high velocity gradient area. This technology aids technicians in the coal mine as they design measures to weaken or eliminate potential danger during subsequent mining.展开更多
Accurate prediction of magmatic intrusion into a coal bed is illustrated using the method of seismic spectral decomposition.The characteristics of coal seismic reflections are first analyzed and the effect of variable...Accurate prediction of magmatic intrusion into a coal bed is illustrated using the method of seismic spectral decomposition.The characteristics of coal seismic reflections are first analyzed and the effect of variable time windows and domain frequencies on the spectral decomposition are examined.The higher domain frequency of coal bed reflections using the narrower STFT time window,or the smaller ST scale factor,are acceptable.When magmatic rock intrudes from the bottom of the coal bed the domain frequency of the reflections is decreased slightly,the frequency bandwidth is narrowed correspondingly,and the response from spectral decomposition is significantly reduced.Intrusion by a very thin magmatic rock gives a spectral decomposition response that is just slightly less than what is seen from a normal coal bed.Results from an actual mining area were used to validate the method.Predicting the boundary of magmatic intrusions with the method discussed herein was highly accurate and has been validated by observations from underground mining.展开更多
文摘煤层顶板砂岩富水性预测是有待解决的重要问题。以实际测井曲线数据为输入,利用Gassmann方程和AVO(Amplitude Variation with Offset)技术探讨煤层顶板砂岩富水性的预测方法。首先,利用实际测井曲线计算顶板砂岩的纵波速度、孔隙度和泥质含量;其次,以Han经验公式为基础,曲面拟合纵波速度、孔隙度和泥质含量间的关系式,并导出砂岩骨架纵波速度;再次,利用Castagna经验公式计算砂岩骨架的横波速度,并建立14种顶板砂岩模型;最后,利用Gassmann方程进行流体替换,计算各模型的纵横波速度和密度,从而正演模拟顶板砂岩的AVO响应。结合理论分析和实例预测,发现截距–梯度交会图可以区分砂岩孔隙度和干湿性,是顶板砂岩富水性预测的一种有效手段。
基金part of an ongoing project of the National Important Industry Technological Development Project (High Precision 3D Seismic Technology of Coal Resources of Western China)the financial support from the National Basic Research Program of China (No.2009CB 219603)the National Key Scientific and Technological Project of China (No.2008ZX05035-005-003HZ)
文摘With the objective of establishing the necessary conditions for 3D seismic data from mountainous areas in western China, we compared the application results of wave impedance technology in the lithology and exploration of coal fields. First, we introduce principles and features of three kinds of inversion methods. i.e., Model-Based Inversion, Constrained Sparse Spike Inversion (CSSI) and Geology-Seismic Feature Inversion. Secondly, these inversion methods are contrasted in their application to 3D seismic data from some coalfields in western China. The main information provided by the research includes: improving the vertical resolution of coal deposit strata, inferring lateral variation of the lithology and predicting coal seams and their roof lithology. Finally, the comparison between the three methods shows that the model-based inversion has the higher resolution, while CSSI inversion has better waveform continuity. The geology-seismic feature inversion requires information from a large number of wells and many types of logging curves of good quality. All three methods can meet the requirements of seismic exploration for lithological exploration in coal fields.
基金support for this work was provided by the National Basic Research Program of China (No. 2010CB226805)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 50474068 and50490273)+1 种基金the Independent Foundation of State Key Laboratory of Coal Resources and Mine Safety (No. SKLCRSM10X05)the Open Foundation of State Key Laboratory of Coal Resources and Mine Safety (No. 10KF05)
文摘Active velocity tomography was used to determine the stress state and rock burst hazards in a deep coal mine. The deepest longwall face, number 3207 in the Xingcun colliery, was the location of the field trials. The positive correlation between stress and seismic velocity was used to link the velocity data with stratum stresses. A GeoPen SE2404NT data acquisition system was used to collect seismic data from 300 g explosive charges fired by instantaneous electric detonator and located in the tail entry. The geophones were installed on the rock bolts in the head entry of LW3207. Velocity inversion shows an inhomogeneous distribution of stress in the longvvall face that could not be obtained from theory or numerical simulations. Three abnormally high P-wave velocity regions were identified that were located on the corners of the two roadways and at the face end near the rail entry side. The maximum velocity gradient is located at the open cut off near the rail entry and is the area most dangerous for rock burst. Mining-induced tremors recorded by a micro-seismic monitoring system demonstrated that the position of energy release during mining coincides with the high velocity gradient area. This technology aids technicians in the coal mine as they design measures to weaken or eliminate potential danger during subsequent mining.
基金provided by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 40804026 and 40874054)the Postdoctoral Science Foundation of China (No. 20100471003)+2 种基金the Postdoctoral Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (No.1002023B)the Open Projects of State Key Laboratory of Coal Resources and Mine Safety (No. 10KF05)the Youth Foundation of CUMT,are gratefully acknowledged
文摘Accurate prediction of magmatic intrusion into a coal bed is illustrated using the method of seismic spectral decomposition.The characteristics of coal seismic reflections are first analyzed and the effect of variable time windows and domain frequencies on the spectral decomposition are examined.The higher domain frequency of coal bed reflections using the narrower STFT time window,or the smaller ST scale factor,are acceptable.When magmatic rock intrudes from the bottom of the coal bed the domain frequency of the reflections is decreased slightly,the frequency bandwidth is narrowed correspondingly,and the response from spectral decomposition is significantly reduced.Intrusion by a very thin magmatic rock gives a spectral decomposition response that is just slightly less than what is seen from a normal coal bed.Results from an actual mining area were used to validate the method.Predicting the boundary of magmatic intrusions with the method discussed herein was highly accurate and has been validated by observations from underground mining.
