Probiotics can regulate the body’s immune system through both non-specific and specific immunity,thereby regulating host health.In terms of non-specific immune regulation,probiotics can activate the intrinsic immune ...Probiotics can regulate the body’s immune system through both non-specific and specific immunity,thereby regulating host health.In terms of non-specific immune regulation,probiotics can activate the intrinsic immune system,regulate the mucosal barrier function,and play an immune role by influencing the activity of intrinsic immune cells such as macrophages,dendritic cells and natural killer cells,as well as their differentiation and maturation;in terms of specific immune regulation,probiotics play a role in regulating the immunoglobulin level and the maturation of B cells.Probiotics can also regulate T-cell differentiation according to the condition of the body,thus regulating specific immunity.Many studies have focused on the role of probiotics in metabolism and nutrition,and the mechanisms involved in the immunomodulatory role of probiotics have only been partially described.This review summarises the role of common probiotics such as Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus rhamnosus in immunomodulation as well as their mechanisms,describing the currently known mechanisms of immunomodulation by probiotics in improving the host immune system.A deeper understanding of probiotics and their specific mechanisms of action will facilitate the use of probiotics for immunomodulation in clinical medicine,functional foods,and other areas.This will also contribute to the development and research of engineered probiotics,next-generation probiotics,and other new functional probiotics with immunomodulatory effects.展开更多
Food allergy(FA) is an aberrant immune response triggered by the ingestion of a food antigen.Ovalbumin(OVA)-sensitized and challenged BALB/c mice were orally administered heat-killed(HK)-Lactobacillus paracasei JY56.I...Food allergy(FA) is an aberrant immune response triggered by the ingestion of a food antigen.Ovalbumin(OVA)-sensitized and challenged BALB/c mice were orally administered heat-killed(HK)-Lactobacillus paracasei JY56.In this work,HK-L.paracasei JY56 alleviated the FA-induced decrease in body weight and rectal temperature and reduced the allergy score.Serum analysis showed that HK-L.paracasei JY56 reduced the levels of specific antibodies(OVA-specific Immunoglobulin E(sIgE) and OVA-specific Immunoglobulin G(sIgG)) and allergic mediators(histamine and mast cell protease) in FA mice.In addition,HK-L.paracasei JY56 also could alleviate OVA-induced FA by suppressing T helper(Th)2 and Th17-type immune responses,which was evidenced by the regulation of splenic lymphocyte subpopulations and associated cytokine secretion.Moreover,jejunal histological analysis and intestinal barrier function related gene expression measurement were performed to verify the intestinal barrier repair of HK-L.paracasei JY56.Meanwhile,the TLR4/NF-κB inflammatory pathway activation was inhibited by HK-L.paracasei JY56 at gene and protein levels.Finally,HK-L.paracasei JY56 was performed to modulate the gut microbiota structure and increase the levels of short-chain fatty acids.In conclusion,HK-L.paracasei JY56 could alleviate OVA-induced FA in multiple ways,and this study provides a theoretical basis for the application of inactivated probiotics in functional foods for FA.展开更多
Cronobacter spp.has strong resistance to desiccation and high permeability in Enterobacteriaceae,and powdered infant formula(PIF)is one of the main contamination routes.In recent years,the contamination of Cronobacter...Cronobacter spp.has strong resistance to desiccation and high permeability in Enterobacteriaceae,and powdered infant formula(PIF)is one of the main contamination routes.In recent years,the contamination of Cronobacter spp.in PIF incidents occurs from time to time,causing infant serious diseases or death.In this investigation,matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry was used to identify the phenotypes of 35 Cronobacter strains isolated from PIF and its processing environment.Subsequently,the isolates were evaluated for drying and osmotic pressure tolerance.The results showed that the deactivation rate of the strains ranged from 9.01%to 77.57%,and the highest osmotic pressure condition the strains could tolerate was 6 g/100 mL Na Cl.In addition,there was a positive correlation between biofilm formation ability and desiccation resistance.Combined with transcriptomics,Cronobacter spp.could activate biofilm synthesis,produce more trehalose,accumulate betaine and electrolytes to stabilize intracellular structure under the two treatment conditions.A total of 31 and 43 genes were found related to desiccation and permeability resistance,respectively.And some genes(cysM,thuF,ycjO,etc.)were found to be associated with two tolerances for the first time.展开更多
Oxidative stress is one of the main ways to cause alcohol-induced liver injury,and alcoholic liver disease(ALD)has been a common health problem worldwide.Lactic acid bacteria(LAB)is also considered as a potential trea...Oxidative stress is one of the main ways to cause alcohol-induced liver injury,and alcoholic liver disease(ALD)has been a common health problem worldwide.Lactic acid bacteria(LAB)is also considered as a potential treatment to alleviate alcohol-induced liver injury.Lactobacillus plantarum J26 is a LAB isolated from Chinese traditional fermented dairy products with excellent probiotic effects.This study aimed to establish a mice model of alcoholic liver injury through acute-on-chronic alcohol feeding and to study the alleviating effect of pre-intake of L.plantarum J26 on alcohol-induced oxidative liver injury and focus on its potential mechanism of alleviating effect.The results showed that pre-intake of L.plantarum J26 could improve liver pathological changes,reduce lipid accumulation,increase mitochondrial ATP and mitochondrial(mtDNA)levels,and alleviate liver injury.In addition,pre-intake L.plantarum J26 can improve the level of short-chain fatty acids(SCFAs)in the intestines in mice,short chain fatty acids can be used as a signaling molecule activation of nuclear factor E2-related factor 2(Nrf2)signaling pathway to alleviate liver oxidative stress,and maintain mitochondrial homeostasis by regulating the expression of genes related to mitochondrial dynamics and autophagy,thereby reducing cell apoptosis to alleviate alcohol-induced oxidative liver injury.展开更多
Branched-chain fatty acids(BCFAs)are new bioactive fatty acids with anti-inflammatory properties.However,the role of BCFAs in alleviating ulcerative colitis has not been clarified.Herein,we evaluated the protective ef...Branched-chain fatty acids(BCFAs)are new bioactive fatty acids with anti-inflammatory properties.However,the role of BCFAs in alleviating ulcerative colitis has not been clarified.Herein,we evaluated the protective effect of BCFAs from goat milk in mice with colitis induced using dextran sodium sulfate(DSS)and explored the corresponding mechanism.These results show that BCFAs extracted from goat milk can significantly alleviate weight loss in mice,and reduce the disease activity index and the activity of myeloperoxidase while increasing the content of antioxidant enzymes in colon tissue and reducing the oxidation stress response.These data also show that BCFAs can down-regulate the gene and protein expression of the toll-like receptor 4(TLR4)/nuclear factorκB p65(NF-κB p65)/NOD-like receptor thermal protein domain associated protein 3(NLRP3)signaling pathway,and at the same time significantly reduce the expression of pro-inflammatory factors tumor necrosis factorα(TNF-α),interleukin 1β(IL-1β),and IL-18 in colon tissue,and significantly increase the expression of the anti-inflammatory factor IL-10.In conclusion,these results demonstrated that BCFAs in goat milk exerted effects on colitis-related inflammatory cytokines and inhibited inflammation by inducing the TLR4/NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway to alleviate DSS-induced ulcerative colitis.This study provides evidence for the potential of BCFAs as bioactive fatty acids in food products and to ameliorate ulcerative colitis development in mice.展开更多
Cronobacter sakazakii is a facultative anaerobic gram-negative pathogen that has attracted widespread attention for causing necrotizing enterocolitis in infants(premature and low-weight newborns)by contaminating powde...Cronobacter sakazakii is a facultative anaerobic gram-negative pathogen that has attracted widespread attention for causing necrotizing enterocolitis in infants(premature and low-weight newborns)by contaminating powdered infant formula.Several studies have found that the antibiotic tolerance of Cronobacter sakazakii isolated from food sources is increasing,thereby markedly increasing the difficulty of clinical treatment of Cronobacter sakazakii infection.At present,most studies are focused on clarifying the pathogenicity of Cronobacter sakazakii,but there is still a gap in the study of necrotizing enterocolitis in neonatal rats caused by Cronobacter sakazakii with different antibiotic tolerance.To fill this gap,we analyzed and compared the ability of Cronobacter sakazakii induced by different classes of antibiotics to induce necrotizing enterocolitis in neonatal rats by mediating TLR4-NLRP3-IL-1β pathway.In the results,Cronobacter sakazakii acquired tolerance to aminoglycosides,quinolones and cephalosporins,and caused more inflammatory damage in neonatal rats,improved the ability of mediating TLR4-NLRP3-IL-1β pathway to induce necrotizing enterocolitis.Compared with the XS001 group,the NEC scores of neonatal rats in XS001-Amp,XS001-Ami,XS001-Ofl and XS001-Ceo groups were increased by 8.3%,58.3%,50.0% and 58.3%.The acquisition of penicillin and tetracycline tolerance had little effect on the ability of Cronobacter sakazakii to induce necrotizing enterocolitis in neonatal rats.The ability of Cronobacter sakazakii to induce necrotizing enterocolitis in neonatal rats was significantly different due to the type and tolerance of antibiotics.展开更多
Ulcerative Colitis(UC),a subtype of inflammatory bowel disease(IBD),is an intestinal inflammatory disease whose pathogenesis is not fully elucidated and difficult to treat.The intervention of L.paracasei JY062 with it...Ulcerative Colitis(UC),a subtype of inflammatory bowel disease(IBD),is an intestinal inflammatory disease whose pathogenesis is not fully elucidated and difficult to treat.The intervention of L.paracasei JY062 with its EPS group(JEC)reduced the apoptosis rate from 30.7%to 14.2%,inhibited myeloperoxidase deficiency(MPO)activity and the level of lipopolysaccharide(LPS).Simultaneously,the results showed that JEC upregulated the transcript levels of transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β)and interleukin 10(IL-10),decreased the mRNA expression of transforming growth factor-α(TNF-α),interferon gamma-γ(IFN-γ),interleukin 6(IL-6),interleukin 17(IL-17),and interleukin-1β(IL-1β).JEC affects cytokines secretion and attenuates the inflammatory response by inhibition of the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB pathway.TLR4,MyD88,p65 mRNA and protein expression in the JEC group showed significantly reductions,inhibiting IκBαand p65 phosphorylation while effectively inhibiting DSStriggered low expression of IκBα.JEC could modulate intestinal immune homeostasis by increasing the content of acetic acid,propionic acid,isobutyric acid and valeric acid(p<0.05).JEC ameliorates intestinal inflammation,and provide a theoretical basis for the development of hybrid microbial formulations for strategies to alleviate UC.展开更多
Hyperuricemia is associated with various diseases.This study confirmed that intervention with Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus JY027(L.rhamnosus JY027)reduced biochemical markers including uric acid,creatinine,and urea ni...Hyperuricemia is associated with various diseases.This study confirmed that intervention with Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus JY027(L.rhamnosus JY027)reduced biochemical markers including uric acid,creatinine,and urea nitrogen in hyperuricemic mice.A combined analysis of gut microbiota,short-chain fatty acids(SCFAs),and metabolites based on the gut-kidney axis revealed that this bacterial intervention significantly enhanced the abundance of beneficial bacteria such as Bifidobacterium,Akkermansia,and Faecalibaculum and increased SCFA levels.The bacterial intervention also regulated the levels of guanosine,creatinine,arginine,choline,taurine and other differential metabolites in the kidneys of mice with hyperuricemia.This intervention ultimately reduced uric acid levels in mice through the modulation of multiple pathways,including arginine biosynthesis,taurine and hypotaurine metabolism,and glutathione metabolism.This study lays the foundation for exploring how L.rhamnosus JY027 alleviates hyperuricemia,providing theoretical support for developing probiotic prepara-tions to mitigate hyperuricemia and their application.展开更多
To explore the influence of milk powder storage by-products on the probiotic activity,Lacticaseibacillus paracasei JY025 fortified milk powder was used to evaluate the change of bacterial activity and the accumulation...To explore the influence of milk powder storage by-products on the probiotic activity,Lacticaseibacillus paracasei JY025 fortified milk powder was used to evaluate the change of bacterial activity and the accumulation of Maillard and lipid oxidation by-products during long-term storage.Based on the above results,this study further clarifies the effect mechanism of milk powder by-products on the metabolism and transcriptional response of Lacticaseibacillus paracasei JY025.The results of the strain JY025 growth ability and its metabolic ability of various carbon sources under different by-product interventions indicated that the Maillard by-products(higher concentrations)and the lipid oxidation by-products inhibit the growth metabolic of Lactobacillus.The tran-scriptomic analysis of strains under different interventions further suggested the intervention of Maillard by-products with a specific concentration improve the ability of Lactobacillus to utilize carbohydrates,which helps to provide additional energy and improve the tolerance of Lactobacillus to lipid oxidation by-product stress.展开更多
In this study,the interaction patterns between whey protein and lactose were investigated after different ratios of whey protein and lactose(1:2.5;1:3.0;1:3.5;1:4.0;1:4.5)were treated with two typical sterilization pr...In this study,the interaction patterns between whey protein and lactose were investigated after different ratios of whey protein and lactose(1:2.5;1:3.0;1:3.5;1:4.0;1:4.5)were treated with two typical sterilization process parameters in powdered products(68℃,20 min;72℃,15 min)and two typical sterilization process parameters in liquid products(121℃,10 min and 121℃,15 min).It was found that the degree of the Maillard reaction of whey protein-lactose solution increased with increasing lactose content,increasing sterilization temperature,or extending sterilization time,which was accompanied by changes in the protein structure of whey protein.In addition,glycosylation accelerates the decrease in free sulfhydryl content,decreasing surface hydrophobicity and decreasing fluorescence intensity.These findings highlight the advantages of designing protein-carbohydrate formulations with a high ratio of whey protein-lactose(1:2.5)to meet the requirements of the product standards for preterm/low-birth-weight infant formulas.When comparing only the sterilization processes of powder and liquid products,the pasteurization process of powder products significantly reduced the degree of the Maillard reaction caused by heat treatment and reduced protein denaturation.展开更多
Fermented soymilk reduces its overall acceptability due to its unpleasant flavor,but synergistic fermentation of soymilk with prebiotics and probiotics may be an effective way to improve its flavor.In this study,soymi...Fermented soymilk reduces its overall acceptability due to its unpleasant flavor,but synergistic fermentation of soymilk with prebiotics and probiotics may be an effective way to improve its flavor.In this study,soymilk was fermented by adding 3%complex prebiotics(fructose oligosaccharides(FOS):inulin:galactose oligosaccharides(GOS)=2:2:1)in synergy with Lactobacillus gasseri JM1.The study found that by increasing the viscosity of soymilk(2528.80±132.07 cP),which in turn increased its water holding capacity(52.07±2.02%).Based on GC-MS,metabolomics,and multivariate statistical PCA analysis,2,3-butanedione,2,3-pentanedione,2-butanone,and acetoin were found to be significant modifiers of soymilk flavor compared to the control group(P<0.05).No odors such as 1-octen-3-ol,hexanal,etc.were detected.In addition,relatively high levels of isoflavonoids such as genistein and daidzein have also been found.This study provides ideas and baseline data for research related to soymilk product innovation,flavor extension,and quality improvement.展开更多
基金funded by Ausnutria-kabrita Research Fund(RS2022-14).
文摘Probiotics can regulate the body’s immune system through both non-specific and specific immunity,thereby regulating host health.In terms of non-specific immune regulation,probiotics can activate the intrinsic immune system,regulate the mucosal barrier function,and play an immune role by influencing the activity of intrinsic immune cells such as macrophages,dendritic cells and natural killer cells,as well as their differentiation and maturation;in terms of specific immune regulation,probiotics play a role in regulating the immunoglobulin level and the maturation of B cells.Probiotics can also regulate T-cell differentiation according to the condition of the body,thus regulating specific immunity.Many studies have focused on the role of probiotics in metabolism and nutrition,and the mechanisms involved in the immunomodulatory role of probiotics have only been partially described.This review summarises the role of common probiotics such as Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus rhamnosus in immunomodulation as well as their mechanisms,describing the currently known mechanisms of immunomodulation by probiotics in improving the host immune system.A deeper understanding of probiotics and their specific mechanisms of action will facilitate the use of probiotics for immunomodulation in clinical medicine,functional foods,and other areas.This will also contribute to the development and research of engineered probiotics,next-generation probiotics,and other new functional probiotics with immunomodulatory effects.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province of China (LH2023C033)。
文摘Food allergy(FA) is an aberrant immune response triggered by the ingestion of a food antigen.Ovalbumin(OVA)-sensitized and challenged BALB/c mice were orally administered heat-killed(HK)-Lactobacillus paracasei JY56.In this work,HK-L.paracasei JY56 alleviated the FA-induced decrease in body weight and rectal temperature and reduced the allergy score.Serum analysis showed that HK-L.paracasei JY56 reduced the levels of specific antibodies(OVA-specific Immunoglobulin E(sIgE) and OVA-specific Immunoglobulin G(sIgG)) and allergic mediators(histamine and mast cell protease) in FA mice.In addition,HK-L.paracasei JY56 also could alleviate OVA-induced FA by suppressing T helper(Th)2 and Th17-type immune responses,which was evidenced by the regulation of splenic lymphocyte subpopulations and associated cytokine secretion.Moreover,jejunal histological analysis and intestinal barrier function related gene expression measurement were performed to verify the intestinal barrier repair of HK-L.paracasei JY56.Meanwhile,the TLR4/NF-κB inflammatory pathway activation was inhibited by HK-L.paracasei JY56 at gene and protein levels.Finally,HK-L.paracasei JY56 was performed to modulate the gut microbiota structure and increase the levels of short-chain fatty acids.In conclusion,HK-L.paracasei JY56 could alleviate OVA-induced FA in multiple ways,and this study provides a theoretical basis for the application of inactivated probiotics in functional foods for FA.
基金supported by the Joint Funds of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U21A20272)。
文摘Cronobacter spp.has strong resistance to desiccation and high permeability in Enterobacteriaceae,and powdered infant formula(PIF)is one of the main contamination routes.In recent years,the contamination of Cronobacter spp.in PIF incidents occurs from time to time,causing infant serious diseases or death.In this investigation,matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry was used to identify the phenotypes of 35 Cronobacter strains isolated from PIF and its processing environment.Subsequently,the isolates were evaluated for drying and osmotic pressure tolerance.The results showed that the deactivation rate of the strains ranged from 9.01%to 77.57%,and the highest osmotic pressure condition the strains could tolerate was 6 g/100 mL Na Cl.In addition,there was a positive correlation between biofilm formation ability and desiccation resistance.Combined with transcriptomics,Cronobacter spp.could activate biofilm synthesis,produce more trehalose,accumulate betaine and electrolytes to stabilize intracellular structure under the two treatment conditions.A total of 31 and 43 genes were found related to desiccation and permeability resistance,respectively.And some genes(cysM,thuF,ycjO,etc.)were found to be associated with two tolerances for the first time.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2021YFD2100701).
文摘Oxidative stress is one of the main ways to cause alcohol-induced liver injury,and alcoholic liver disease(ALD)has been a common health problem worldwide.Lactic acid bacteria(LAB)is also considered as a potential treatment to alleviate alcohol-induced liver injury.Lactobacillus plantarum J26 is a LAB isolated from Chinese traditional fermented dairy products with excellent probiotic effects.This study aimed to establish a mice model of alcoholic liver injury through acute-on-chronic alcohol feeding and to study the alleviating effect of pre-intake of L.plantarum J26 on alcohol-induced oxidative liver injury and focus on its potential mechanism of alleviating effect.The results showed that pre-intake of L.plantarum J26 could improve liver pathological changes,reduce lipid accumulation,increase mitochondrial ATP and mitochondrial(mtDNA)levels,and alleviate liver injury.In addition,pre-intake L.plantarum J26 can improve the level of short-chain fatty acids(SCFAs)in the intestines in mice,short chain fatty acids can be used as a signaling molecule activation of nuclear factor E2-related factor 2(Nrf2)signaling pathway to alleviate liver oxidative stress,and maintain mitochondrial homeostasis by regulating the expression of genes related to mitochondrial dynamics and autophagy,thereby reducing cell apoptosis to alleviate alcohol-induced oxidative liver injury.
基金financially supported by the 2021 Kabrita Nutrition Grant.
文摘Branched-chain fatty acids(BCFAs)are new bioactive fatty acids with anti-inflammatory properties.However,the role of BCFAs in alleviating ulcerative colitis has not been clarified.Herein,we evaluated the protective effect of BCFAs from goat milk in mice with colitis induced using dextran sodium sulfate(DSS)and explored the corresponding mechanism.These results show that BCFAs extracted from goat milk can significantly alleviate weight loss in mice,and reduce the disease activity index and the activity of myeloperoxidase while increasing the content of antioxidant enzymes in colon tissue and reducing the oxidation stress response.These data also show that BCFAs can down-regulate the gene and protein expression of the toll-like receptor 4(TLR4)/nuclear factorκB p65(NF-κB p65)/NOD-like receptor thermal protein domain associated protein 3(NLRP3)signaling pathway,and at the same time significantly reduce the expression of pro-inflammatory factors tumor necrosis factorα(TNF-α),interleukin 1β(IL-1β),and IL-18 in colon tissue,and significantly increase the expression of the anti-inflammatory factor IL-10.In conclusion,these results demonstrated that BCFAs in goat milk exerted effects on colitis-related inflammatory cytokines and inhibited inflammation by inducing the TLR4/NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway to alleviate DSS-induced ulcerative colitis.This study provides evidence for the potential of BCFAs as bioactive fatty acids in food products and to ameliorate ulcerative colitis development in mice.
基金support by the Joint Funds of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.U21A20272).
文摘Cronobacter sakazakii is a facultative anaerobic gram-negative pathogen that has attracted widespread attention for causing necrotizing enterocolitis in infants(premature and low-weight newborns)by contaminating powdered infant formula.Several studies have found that the antibiotic tolerance of Cronobacter sakazakii isolated from food sources is increasing,thereby markedly increasing the difficulty of clinical treatment of Cronobacter sakazakii infection.At present,most studies are focused on clarifying the pathogenicity of Cronobacter sakazakii,but there is still a gap in the study of necrotizing enterocolitis in neonatal rats caused by Cronobacter sakazakii with different antibiotic tolerance.To fill this gap,we analyzed and compared the ability of Cronobacter sakazakii induced by different classes of antibiotics to induce necrotizing enterocolitis in neonatal rats by mediating TLR4-NLRP3-IL-1β pathway.In the results,Cronobacter sakazakii acquired tolerance to aminoglycosides,quinolones and cephalosporins,and caused more inflammatory damage in neonatal rats,improved the ability of mediating TLR4-NLRP3-IL-1β pathway to induce necrotizing enterocolitis.Compared with the XS001 group,the NEC scores of neonatal rats in XS001-Amp,XS001-Ami,XS001-Ofl and XS001-Ceo groups were increased by 8.3%,58.3%,50.0% and 58.3%.The acquisition of penicillin and tetracycline tolerance had little effect on the ability of Cronobacter sakazakii to induce necrotizing enterocolitis in neonatal rats.The ability of Cronobacter sakazakii to induce necrotizing enterocolitis in neonatal rats was significantly different due to the type and tolerance of antibiotics.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.32172231).
文摘Ulcerative Colitis(UC),a subtype of inflammatory bowel disease(IBD),is an intestinal inflammatory disease whose pathogenesis is not fully elucidated and difficult to treat.The intervention of L.paracasei JY062 with its EPS group(JEC)reduced the apoptosis rate from 30.7%to 14.2%,inhibited myeloperoxidase deficiency(MPO)activity and the level of lipopolysaccharide(LPS).Simultaneously,the results showed that JEC upregulated the transcript levels of transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β)and interleukin 10(IL-10),decreased the mRNA expression of transforming growth factor-α(TNF-α),interferon gamma-γ(IFN-γ),interleukin 6(IL-6),interleukin 17(IL-17),and interleukin-1β(IL-1β).JEC affects cytokines secretion and attenuates the inflammatory response by inhibition of the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB pathway.TLR4,MyD88,p65 mRNA and protein expression in the JEC group showed significantly reductions,inhibiting IκBαand p65 phosphorylation while effectively inhibiting DSStriggered low expression of IκBα.JEC could modulate intestinal immune homeostasis by increasing the content of acetic acid,propionic acid,isobutyric acid and valeric acid(p<0.05).JEC ameliorates intestinal inflammation,and provide a theoretical basis for the development of hybrid microbial formulations for strategies to alleviate UC.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province(Project No.JQ 2023C002).
文摘Hyperuricemia is associated with various diseases.This study confirmed that intervention with Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus JY027(L.rhamnosus JY027)reduced biochemical markers including uric acid,creatinine,and urea nitrogen in hyperuricemic mice.A combined analysis of gut microbiota,short-chain fatty acids(SCFAs),and metabolites based on the gut-kidney axis revealed that this bacterial intervention significantly enhanced the abundance of beneficial bacteria such as Bifidobacterium,Akkermansia,and Faecalibaculum and increased SCFA levels.The bacterial intervention also regulated the levels of guanosine,creatinine,arginine,choline,taurine and other differential metabolites in the kidneys of mice with hyperuricemia.This intervention ultimately reduced uric acid levels in mice through the modulation of multiple pathways,including arginine biosynthesis,taurine and hypotaurine metabolism,and glutathione metabolism.This study lays the foundation for exploring how L.rhamnosus JY027 alleviates hyperuricemia,providing theoretical support for developing probiotic prepara-tions to mitigate hyperuricemia and their application.
基金supported financially by the National Center of Technology Innovation for Dairy under the project 2022-JBGS-1 entitled‘Formation patterns of by-products of infant formula milk powder pro-cessing and their effects on quality’.
文摘To explore the influence of milk powder storage by-products on the probiotic activity,Lacticaseibacillus paracasei JY025 fortified milk powder was used to evaluate the change of bacterial activity and the accumulation of Maillard and lipid oxidation by-products during long-term storage.Based on the above results,this study further clarifies the effect mechanism of milk powder by-products on the metabolism and transcriptional response of Lacticaseibacillus paracasei JY025.The results of the strain JY025 growth ability and its metabolic ability of various carbon sources under different by-product interventions indicated that the Maillard by-products(higher concentrations)and the lipid oxidation by-products inhibit the growth metabolic of Lactobacillus.The tran-scriptomic analysis of strains under different interventions further suggested the intervention of Maillard by-products with a specific concentration improve the ability of Lactobacillus to utilize carbohydrates,which helps to provide additional energy and improve the tolerance of Lactobacillus to lipid oxidation by-product stress.
基金financed by the National Key Research and Devel-opment Program of China(SQ2022YFF1100400).
文摘In this study,the interaction patterns between whey protein and lactose were investigated after different ratios of whey protein and lactose(1:2.5;1:3.0;1:3.5;1:4.0;1:4.5)were treated with two typical sterilization process parameters in powdered products(68℃,20 min;72℃,15 min)and two typical sterilization process parameters in liquid products(121℃,10 min and 121℃,15 min).It was found that the degree of the Maillard reaction of whey protein-lactose solution increased with increasing lactose content,increasing sterilization temperature,or extending sterilization time,which was accompanied by changes in the protein structure of whey protein.In addition,glycosylation accelerates the decrease in free sulfhydryl content,decreasing surface hydrophobicity and decreasing fluorescence intensity.These findings highlight the advantages of designing protein-carbohydrate formulations with a high ratio of whey protein-lactose(1:2.5)to meet the requirements of the product standards for preterm/low-birth-weight infant formulas.When comparing only the sterilization processes of powder and liquid products,the pasteurization process of powder products significantly reduced the degree of the Maillard reaction caused by heat treatment and reduced protein denaturation.
基金financially supported by the Heilongjiang Province’s“Double First-Class”Discipline Collaborative Innovation Achievement Construction Project(LJGXCG2022-021).
文摘Fermented soymilk reduces its overall acceptability due to its unpleasant flavor,but synergistic fermentation of soymilk with prebiotics and probiotics may be an effective way to improve its flavor.In this study,soymilk was fermented by adding 3%complex prebiotics(fructose oligosaccharides(FOS):inulin:galactose oligosaccharides(GOS)=2:2:1)in synergy with Lactobacillus gasseri JM1.The study found that by increasing the viscosity of soymilk(2528.80±132.07 cP),which in turn increased its water holding capacity(52.07±2.02%).Based on GC-MS,metabolomics,and multivariate statistical PCA analysis,2,3-butanedione,2,3-pentanedione,2-butanone,and acetoin were found to be significant modifiers of soymilk flavor compared to the control group(P<0.05).No odors such as 1-octen-3-ol,hexanal,etc.were detected.In addition,relatively high levels of isoflavonoids such as genistein and daidzein have also been found.This study provides ideas and baseline data for research related to soymilk product innovation,flavor extension,and quality improvement.
