The removal of trace propyne(C_(3)H_(4))from propyne/propylene(C_(3)H_(4)/C_(3)H_(6))mixtures is a technical and challenging task during the production of polymer-grade propylene in view of their very similar size and...The removal of trace propyne(C_(3)H_(4))from propyne/propylene(C_(3)H_(4)/C_(3)H_(6))mixtures is a technical and challenging task during the production of polymer-grade propylene in view of their very similar size and physical properties.While some progress has been made,it is still very challenging to use some highly stable and commercially available porous materials via an energy-efficient adsorptive separation process.Herein,we report the ultrafine tuning of the pore apertures in type-A zeolites for the highly efficient removal of trace amounts of C_(3)H_(4)from C_(3)H_(4)/C_(3)H_(6)mixtures.The resulting ion-exchanged zeolite 5 A exhibits a large C_(3)H_(4)adsorption capacity(2.3 mmol g^(-1)under 10^(-4)MPa)and high C_(3)H_(4)/C_(3)H_(6)selectivity at room temperature,which were mainly attributed to the ultrafine-tuned pore size that selectively blocks C_(3)H_(6)molecules,while maintaining the stro ng adsorption of C_(3)H_(4)at low pressure region.High purity of C_(3)H_(6)(>99.9999%)can be directly obtained on this material under ambient conditions,as demonstrated by the experimental breakthrough curves obtained for both 1/99 and 0.1/99.9(V V)C_(3)H_(4)/C_(3)H_(6) mixtures.展开更多
We investigate the angular dependence of proton-induced single event transient(SET) in silicon-germanium heterojunction bipolar transistors. Experimental results show that the overall SET cross section is almost indep...We investigate the angular dependence of proton-induced single event transient(SET) in silicon-germanium heterojunction bipolar transistors. Experimental results show that the overall SET cross section is almost independent of proton incident angle. However, the proportion of SET events with long duration and high integral charge collection grows significantly with the increasing angle. Monte Carlo simulations demonstrate that the integral cross section of proton incident events with high ionizing energy deposition in the sensitive volume tends to be higher at larger incident angles, which is associated with the angular distribution of proton-induced secondary particles and the geometry of sensitive volume.展开更多
Displacement damage induced by neutron irradiation in China Spallation Neutron Source(CSNS) is studied on bipolar transistors with lateral PNP, substrate PNP, and vertical NPN configurations, respectively. Comparison ...Displacement damage induced by neutron irradiation in China Spallation Neutron Source(CSNS) is studied on bipolar transistors with lateral PNP, substrate PNP, and vertical NPN configurations, respectively. Comparison of the effects on different type transistors is conducted based on displacement damage factor, and the differences are analyzed through minority carrier lifetime calculation and structure analysis. The influence of CSNS neutrons irradiation on the lateral PNP transistors is analyzed by the gate-controlled method, including the oxide charge accumulation, surface recombine velocity,and minority carrier lifetime. The results indicate that the total ionizing dose in CSNS neutron radiation environment is negligible in this study. The displacement damage factors based on 1-MeV equivalent neutron flux of different transistors are consistent between Xi’an pulse reactor(XAPR) and CSNS.展开更多
Efficient and durable electrocatalysts are essential for achieving high electrocatalytic efficiency in electrocatalytic reactions,forming the bedrock of effective electrochemical energy technologies.Electrocatalysis i...Efficient and durable electrocatalysts are essential for achieving high electrocatalytic efficiency in electrocatalytic reactions,forming the bedrock of effective electrochemical energy technologies.Electrocatalysis is a complex process,marked by intricate reaction system and crucial interfacial interactions,leading to diverse degrees of reconstruction changes in electrocatalysts,affecting both catalytic capabilities and structural integrity.This review delves into the development and prospects of electrocatalyst reconstruction within the electrochemical energy conversion and storage technologies.It elucidates the underlying motivation and mechanism driving reconstruction in various oxidation/reduction reaction systems.Moreover,it elucidates the evolution and comprehension of highly effective electrocatalysts that emerge as a result of this reconstruction phenomenon.The characterizations of catalyst reconstruction are thoroughly examined through the cutting-edge imaging/spectroscopy technologies,enabling dynamic reconstruction tracking and identification.Finally,this work highlights the challenges and opportunities associated with advancing reconstructed electrocatalysts.The primary objectives are to fathom the intricacies of reconstruction and its structural evolution for precise catalyst design.Additionally,it aims to regulate the reconstruction process to enhance the electrocatalyst longevity,stabilize catalytic reactions,and ultimately facilitate the implementation of electrochemical technologies.展开更多
Zinc–air batteries(ZABs)are expected to be some of the most promising power sources for wearable and portable electronic devices and have received widespread research interest.As an ion conductor connecting anodes an...Zinc–air batteries(ZABs)are expected to be some of the most promising power sources for wearable and portable electronic devices and have received widespread research interest.As an ion conductor connecting anodes and cathodes,the electrolyte is critical for the overall performance of ZABs(e.g.,energy density,rechargeability,and operating voltage).Compared with liquid electrolytes,polymer-based electrolytes have superior characteristics for ZABs,such as negligible electrolyte leakage,three-phase interface stabilization,and dendrite suppression.In this perspective,we focus on recent progress in polymer-based electrolytes for ZABs.After a brief introduction to ZABs and electrolytes,we emphasize the development of polymer-based electrolytes in terms of their intrinsic properties and interfacial chemistry.Finally,challenges and viable strategies are proposed for polymer-based electrolytes in ZABs.We hope that this work will provide useful guidance to spur the development of high-performance ZABs based on advanced polymer-based electrolytes.展开更多
Herein,this paper describes the synthesis of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose(CMC)/iron oxides/multiwalled carbon nanotubes(MMWCNTs)composites(denoted as CMC/MMWCNTs)by a plasma technique and their application to the de...Herein,this paper describes the synthesis of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose(CMC)/iron oxides/multiwalled carbon nanotubes(MMWCNTs)composites(denoted as CMC/MMWCNTs)by a plasma technique and their application to the decontamination of europium ions from aqueous solutions under controlled laboratory conditions.Batch experiments were conducted to understand the interaction mechanism of europium ion sorption onto the surface of CMC/MMWCNTs nanoparticles and to evaluate the application prospects of CMC/MMWCNTs in the field of pollution remediation.The adsorption capacity of Eu(III)on CMC/MMWCNTs was greater than that of major adsorbents,illustrating that the conjugated CMC could increase the sorption capacity of CMC/MMWCNTs nanoparticles toward Eu(III)ions through providing multiple hydroxyl and carboxyl functional groups.The mutual interaction of Eu(III)ion immobilization on CMC/MMWCNTs was contributed to by outer-sphere surface complexation at low pH values,but inner-sphere surface complexation was the dominant interactional mechanism at high pH values.The experimental findings herein demonstrate that CMC/MMWCNTs composites can be highly effective adsorbents for the immobilization of Eu(III)ions or other trivalent actinide/lanthanide ions from large volumes of aqueous solution.展开更多
基金financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21922810,21908153,21908155)program of Innovative Talents of Higher Education Institutions of Shanxithe supported by Cultivate Scientific Research Excellence Programs of Higher Education Institutions in Shanxi(CSREP)。
文摘The removal of trace propyne(C_(3)H_(4))from propyne/propylene(C_(3)H_(4)/C_(3)H_(6))mixtures is a technical and challenging task during the production of polymer-grade propylene in view of their very similar size and physical properties.While some progress has been made,it is still very challenging to use some highly stable and commercially available porous materials via an energy-efficient adsorptive separation process.Herein,we report the ultrafine tuning of the pore apertures in type-A zeolites for the highly efficient removal of trace amounts of C_(3)H_(4)from C_(3)H_(4)/C_(3)H_(6)mixtures.The resulting ion-exchanged zeolite 5 A exhibits a large C_(3)H_(4)adsorption capacity(2.3 mmol g^(-1)under 10^(-4)MPa)and high C_(3)H_(4)/C_(3)H_(6)selectivity at room temperature,which were mainly attributed to the ultrafine-tuned pore size that selectively blocks C_(3)H_(6)molecules,while maintaining the stro ng adsorption of C_(3)H_(4)at low pressure region.High purity of C_(3)H_(6)(>99.9999%)can be directly obtained on this material under ambient conditions,as demonstrated by the experimental breakthrough curves obtained for both 1/99 and 0.1/99.9(V V)C_(3)H_(4)/C_(3)H_(6) mixtures.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11775167 and 12105252)the Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing,China(Grant No.cstc2021jcyj-bsh0246)。
文摘We investigate the angular dependence of proton-induced single event transient(SET) in silicon-germanium heterojunction bipolar transistors. Experimental results show that the overall SET cross section is almost independent of proton incident angle. However, the proportion of SET events with long duration and high integral charge collection grows significantly with the increasing angle. Monte Carlo simulations demonstrate that the integral cross section of proton incident events with high ionizing energy deposition in the sensitive volume tends to be higher at larger incident angles, which is associated with the angular distribution of proton-induced secondary particles and the geometry of sensitive volume.
文摘Displacement damage induced by neutron irradiation in China Spallation Neutron Source(CSNS) is studied on bipolar transistors with lateral PNP, substrate PNP, and vertical NPN configurations, respectively. Comparison of the effects on different type transistors is conducted based on displacement damage factor, and the differences are analyzed through minority carrier lifetime calculation and structure analysis. The influence of CSNS neutrons irradiation on the lateral PNP transistors is analyzed by the gate-controlled method, including the oxide charge accumulation, surface recombine velocity,and minority carrier lifetime. The results indicate that the total ionizing dose in CSNS neutron radiation environment is negligible in this study. The displacement damage factors based on 1-MeV equivalent neutron flux of different transistors are consistent between Xi’an pulse reactor(XAPR) and CSNS.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22325901,22202076,22075092,22105081)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFA1501000,2021YFA1600800)+1 种基金the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2022M711231)the Innovation and Talent Recruitment Base of New Energy Chemistry and Device(B21003).
文摘Efficient and durable electrocatalysts are essential for achieving high electrocatalytic efficiency in electrocatalytic reactions,forming the bedrock of effective electrochemical energy technologies.Electrocatalysis is a complex process,marked by intricate reaction system and crucial interfacial interactions,leading to diverse degrees of reconstruction changes in electrocatalysts,affecting both catalytic capabilities and structural integrity.This review delves into the development and prospects of electrocatalyst reconstruction within the electrochemical energy conversion and storage technologies.It elucidates the underlying motivation and mechanism driving reconstruction in various oxidation/reduction reaction systems.Moreover,it elucidates the evolution and comprehension of highly effective electrocatalysts that emerge as a result of this reconstruction phenomenon.The characterizations of catalyst reconstruction are thoroughly examined through the cutting-edge imaging/spectroscopy technologies,enabling dynamic reconstruction tracking and identification.Finally,this work highlights the challenges and opportunities associated with advancing reconstructed electrocatalysts.The primary objectives are to fathom the intricacies of reconstruction and its structural evolution for precise catalyst design.Additionally,it aims to regulate the reconstruction process to enhance the electrocatalyst longevity,stabilize catalytic reactions,and ultimately facilitate the implementation of electrochemical technologies.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22075092)the Innovation and Talent Recruitment Base of New Energy Chemistry and Device(B21003).
文摘Zinc–air batteries(ZABs)are expected to be some of the most promising power sources for wearable and portable electronic devices and have received widespread research interest.As an ion conductor connecting anodes and cathodes,the electrolyte is critical for the overall performance of ZABs(e.g.,energy density,rechargeability,and operating voltage).Compared with liquid electrolytes,polymer-based electrolytes have superior characteristics for ZABs,such as negligible electrolyte leakage,three-phase interface stabilization,and dendrite suppression.In this perspective,we focus on recent progress in polymer-based electrolytes for ZABs.After a brief introduction to ZABs and electrolytes,we emphasize the development of polymer-based electrolytes in terms of their intrinsic properties and interfacial chemistry.Finally,challenges and viable strategies are proposed for polymer-based electrolytes in ZABs.We hope that this work will provide useful guidance to spur the development of high-performance ZABs based on advanced polymer-based electrolytes.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(214011792167704511775168)。
文摘Herein,this paper describes the synthesis of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose(CMC)/iron oxides/multiwalled carbon nanotubes(MMWCNTs)composites(denoted as CMC/MMWCNTs)by a plasma technique and their application to the decontamination of europium ions from aqueous solutions under controlled laboratory conditions.Batch experiments were conducted to understand the interaction mechanism of europium ion sorption onto the surface of CMC/MMWCNTs nanoparticles and to evaluate the application prospects of CMC/MMWCNTs in the field of pollution remediation.The adsorption capacity of Eu(III)on CMC/MMWCNTs was greater than that of major adsorbents,illustrating that the conjugated CMC could increase the sorption capacity of CMC/MMWCNTs nanoparticles toward Eu(III)ions through providing multiple hydroxyl and carboxyl functional groups.The mutual interaction of Eu(III)ion immobilization on CMC/MMWCNTs was contributed to by outer-sphere surface complexation at low pH values,but inner-sphere surface complexation was the dominant interactional mechanism at high pH values.The experimental findings herein demonstrate that CMC/MMWCNTs composites can be highly effective adsorbents for the immobilization of Eu(III)ions or other trivalent actinide/lanthanide ions from large volumes of aqueous solution.
