Human monkeypox(MPX)is a rare zoonotic infection characterized by smallpox-like signs and symptoms.It is caused by monkeypox virus(MPXV),a double stranded DNA virus belonging to the genus Orthopoxvirus.MPX was first i...Human monkeypox(MPX)is a rare zoonotic infection characterized by smallpox-like signs and symptoms.It is caused by monkeypox virus(MPXV),a double stranded DNA virus belonging to the genus Orthopoxvirus.MPX was first identified in 1970 and mostly prevailed in the rural rainforests of Central and West Africa in the past.Outside Africa,MPX was reported in the United Kingdom,the USA,Israel,and Singapore.In 2022,the resurgence of MPX in Europe and elsewhere posed a potential threat to humans.MPXV was transmitted by the animals-human or human-human pathway,and the symptoms of MPXV infection are similar to that of smallpox,but in a milder form and with lower mortality(1%–10%).Although the smallpox vaccination has been shown to provide 85%protection against MPXV infection,and two anti-smallpox virus drugs have been approved to treat MPXV,there are still no specific vaccines and drugs against MPXV infection.Therefore it is urgent to take active measures including the adoption of novel anti-MPXV strategies to control the spread of MPXV and prevent MPX epidemic.In this review,we summarize the biological features,epidemiology,pathogenicity,laboratory diagnosis,and prevention and treatment strategies on MPXV.This review provides the basic knowledge for prevention and control of future outbreaks of this emerging infection.展开更多
Continuous co-phase traction power system is an effective method to eliminate neutral sections and provide high quality power for both the public grid and the catenary.The substations have the ability to provide coope...Continuous co-phase traction power system is an effective method to eliminate neutral sections and provide high quality power for both the public grid and the catenary.The substations have the ability to provide cooperative support to each other to reduce capacity and improve system reliability.A fast power control method for substations is needed due to rapid load changes and low overload capability of the system.This paper proposes a fast power control method based on high-speed communication between substations,with additional transient power control to significantly improve the dynamic response of the system.展开更多
基金the Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province,China(no.H2020206352)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(no.81902026)+1 种基金Science and Technology Project of Hebei Education Department(no.BJ2020018)Project for the Introduction overseas students of Hebei Provincial Department of Human Resources and Social Security(no.C20200344)。
文摘Human monkeypox(MPX)is a rare zoonotic infection characterized by smallpox-like signs and symptoms.It is caused by monkeypox virus(MPXV),a double stranded DNA virus belonging to the genus Orthopoxvirus.MPX was first identified in 1970 and mostly prevailed in the rural rainforests of Central and West Africa in the past.Outside Africa,MPX was reported in the United Kingdom,the USA,Israel,and Singapore.In 2022,the resurgence of MPX in Europe and elsewhere posed a potential threat to humans.MPXV was transmitted by the animals-human or human-human pathway,and the symptoms of MPXV infection are similar to that of smallpox,but in a milder form and with lower mortality(1%–10%).Although the smallpox vaccination has been shown to provide 85%protection against MPXV infection,and two anti-smallpox virus drugs have been approved to treat MPXV,there are still no specific vaccines and drugs against MPXV infection.Therefore it is urgent to take active measures including the adoption of novel anti-MPXV strategies to control the spread of MPXV and prevent MPX epidemic.In this review,we summarize the biological features,epidemiology,pathogenicity,laboratory diagnosis,and prevention and treatment strategies on MPXV.This review provides the basic knowledge for prevention and control of future outbreaks of this emerging infection.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 52277190the Major Science and Technology Projects of China Railway Electrification Engineering Group Co.,LTD.(20192001148).
文摘Continuous co-phase traction power system is an effective method to eliminate neutral sections and provide high quality power for both the public grid and the catenary.The substations have the ability to provide cooperative support to each other to reduce capacity and improve system reliability.A fast power control method for substations is needed due to rapid load changes and low overload capability of the system.This paper proposes a fast power control method based on high-speed communication between substations,with additional transient power control to significantly improve the dynamic response of the system.
