Simulating U(1) quantum gauge theories with spatial dimensions greater than one is of great physical significance. Here we propose a simple realization of U(1) gauge theory with Rydberg and Rydberg-dressed atom arrays...Simulating U(1) quantum gauge theories with spatial dimensions greater than one is of great physical significance. Here we propose a simple realization of U(1) gauge theory with Rydberg and Rydberg-dressed atom arrays. Within the experimentally accessible range, we find that the various aspects of the U(1) gauge theory can be well simulated, such as the emergence of topological sectors, incommensurability, and the Rokhsar–Kivelson point that hosts deconfined charge excitations and degenerate topological sectors. Our proposal is promising to implement experimentally and exhibits pronounced quantum dynamics.展开更多
An effective breeding blanket is critical to support tritium self-sufficiency for future fusion reactors.The difficulty is to achieve tritium breeding ratio(TBR)target of 1.05 or more.This paper presents a new design ...An effective breeding blanket is critical to support tritium self-sufficiency for future fusion reactors.The difficulty is to achieve tritium breeding ratio(TBR)target of 1.05 or more.This paper presents a new design approach to the blanket design process.It indicates that fusion blanket design is affected by universal functions based on iterations.Three aspects are worth more attention from fusion engineers in the future.The first factor is that the iterations on the material fractions affect not only structure scheme but also TBR variation.The second factor is the cooling condition affecting final TBR due to the change of the structure material proportion.The third factor is temperature field related to the tritium release.In particular,it is suggested that the statistical calculation of effective TBR must be under reasonable control of the blanket temperature field.This approach is novel for blanket engineering in development of a fusion reactor.展开更多
With the increasing promotion of simplified rapeseed cultivation in recent years,the development of cultivars with high resistance to herbicides is urgently needed.We previously developed M342,which shows sulfonylurea...With the increasing promotion of simplified rapeseed cultivation in recent years,the development of cultivars with high resistance to herbicides is urgently needed.We previously developed M342,which shows sulfonylurea herbicide resistance,by targeting acetohydroxyacid synthase(AHAS),a key enzyme in branched-chain amino acid synthesis.In the present study,we used a progeny line derived from M342 for an additional round of ethyl methane sulfonate mutagenesis,yielding the novel mutant DS3,which harbored two mutations in AHAS genes and showed high sulfonylurea resistance.One mutation was the substitution Trp574 Leu,as in M342,according to Arabidopsis protein sequencing.The other site was a newly recognized substitution,Pro197 Leu.A KASP marker targeting Pro197 Leu was developed and reliably predicted the response to sulfonylurea herbicides in the F2 population.The combination of Trp574 Leu and Pro197 Leu in DS3 produced a synergistic effect that greatly increased herbicide resistance.Analysis of the protein structures of AHAS1 and AHAS3 in wild-type and single-gene mutant plants revealed three-dimensional protein conformational changes that could account for differences in herbicide resistance characteristics including toxicity tolerance,AHAS enzyme activity,and AHAS gene expression.展开更多
Given the diversity and complexity of coexisting oil/dyes/heavy metal ions/microorganisms in wastewater and volatile organic compounds(VOCs)in the air,developing separation materials featured in higher separation effi...Given the diversity and complexity of coexisting oil/dyes/heavy metal ions/microorganisms in wastewater and volatile organic compounds(VOCs)in the air,developing separation materials featured in higher separation efficiency and lower energy consumption for oil and water separation,pollutant removal,and anti-fouling is urgently needed,but it remains a major challenge till now.Herein,a multifunctional Ti_(3)C_(2)MXene membrane with unique double pillar support was proposed by liquid phase ultrasonication and vacuum filtration to over-come the above challenge.Introducing cetyl-trimethyl ammonium bromide(CTAB)and calcium chloride/sodium alginate(CaCl_(2)/SA)to the MXene membrane as crossed double pillars and superhydrophilic surface increases the tolerance and wettability of the membrane.The fabricated doubly pillared MXene(d-Ti_(3)C_(2))membrane exhibits superior oil/water(O/W)separation efficiency(99.76%)with flux(1.284 L m^(-2)h^(-1))for canola oil and organic dye removing efficiency for methyl blue(MB)99.85%,malachite green(MG)100%,and methyl violet(MV)99.72%,respectively,which is 1.05,1.44,1.22,and 1.28 fold compared with pre-pillared Ti_(3)C_(2)(p-Ti_(3)C_(2)).The superior anti-oil/dye/fouling is attributed to lower oil conglutination,high hydrophily,and antibacterial activity.The versatile MXene membrane also shows distinguished separation of VOCs(η>99%)from polluted air.The experimental and molecular dynamics(MD)computational simulation results illustrate that the superior sepa-ration efficiency of the Ti_(3)C_(2)MXene membrane is ascribed to the unique doubly pillared space channel.This study paves a new road to further research on one step integration strategy for complex O/W separation,wastewater and VOCs removal,and anti-fouling via tuning nano/macro architecture.展开更多
We report thermodynamic and neutron scattering measurements of the triangular-lattice quantum Ising magnet TmMgGaO_(4)in longitudinal magnetic fields.Our experiments reveal a quasi-plateau state induced by quantum flu...We report thermodynamic and neutron scattering measurements of the triangular-lattice quantum Ising magnet TmMgGaO_(4)in longitudinal magnetic fields.Our experiments reveal a quasi-plateau state induced by quantum fluctuations.This state exhibits an unconventional non-monotonic field and temperature dependence of the magnetic order and excitation gap.In the high field regime where the quantum fluctuations are largely suppressed,we observed a disordered state with coherent magnon-like excitations despite the suppression of the spin excitation intensity.Through detailed semi-classical calculations,we are able to understand these behaviors quantitatively from the subtle competition between quantum fluctuations and frustrated Ising interactions.展开更多
Spin-orbit coupling is an important ingredient to regulate the many-body physics,especially for many spin liquid candidate materials such as rare-earth magnets and Kitaev materials.The rare-earth chalcogenides NaYbCh_...Spin-orbit coupling is an important ingredient to regulate the many-body physics,especially for many spin liquid candidate materials such as rare-earth magnets and Kitaev materials.The rare-earth chalcogenides NaYbCh_(2)(Ch=O,S,Se)is a congenital frustrating system to exhibit the intrinsic landmark of spin liquid by eliminating both the site disorders between Na+and Yb^(3+)ions with the big ionic size difference and the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction with the perfect triangular lattice of the Yb^(3+)ions.The temperature versus magnetic-field phase diagram is established by the magnetization,specific heat,and neutron-scattering measurements.Notably,the neutron diffraction spectra and the magnetization curve might provide microscopic evidence for a series of spin configuration for in-plane fields,which include the disordered spin liquid state,120°antiferromagnet,and one-half magnetization state.Furthermore,the ground state is suggested to be a gapless spin liquid from inelastic neutron scattering,and the magnetic field adjusts the spin orbit coupling.Therefore,the strong spin-orbit coupling in the frustrated quantum magnet substantially enriches low-energy spin physics.This rare-earth family could offer a good platform for exploring the quantum spin liquid ground state and quantum magnetic transitions.展开更多
Following publication of this article[1],the page number in ref.55 was incorrect and should have been 10009 rather than 10.In the Author contribution section of this article,the authors get the support from Prof.Gang ...Following publication of this article[1],the page number in ref.55 was incorrect and should have been 10009 rather than 10.In the Author contribution section of this article,the authors get the support from Prof.Gang Chen,so it should be revised as:“QMZ and JM conducted the study.JSL and ZZ grew NaYbS2 polycrystalline samples and single crystals.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant Nos. 2022YFA1404204 and 2022YFA1403700)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 12274086, 11534001 and 11925402)+5 种基金funding from the National Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 12274046, 11874094, 12147102, and 12347101)Chongqing Natural Science Foundation (Grant No. CSTB2022NSCQ-JQX0018)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (Grant No. 2021CDJZYJH-003)Xiaomi Foundation/Xiaomi Young Talents Programthe supports of the start-up funding of Westlake Universitysupport from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) through Discovery Grants。
文摘Simulating U(1) quantum gauge theories with spatial dimensions greater than one is of great physical significance. Here we propose a simple realization of U(1) gauge theory with Rydberg and Rydberg-dressed atom arrays. Within the experimentally accessible range, we find that the various aspects of the U(1) gauge theory can be well simulated, such as the emergence of topological sectors, incommensurability, and the Rokhsar–Kivelson point that hosts deconfined charge excitations and degenerate topological sectors. Our proposal is promising to implement experimentally and exhibits pronounced quantum dynamics.
基金supported by the Project for Scientific Research of West Anhui University(No.00701092282)。
文摘An effective breeding blanket is critical to support tritium self-sufficiency for future fusion reactors.The difficulty is to achieve tritium breeding ratio(TBR)target of 1.05 or more.This paper presents a new design approach to the blanket design process.It indicates that fusion blanket design is affected by universal functions based on iterations.Three aspects are worth more attention from fusion engineers in the future.The first factor is that the iterations on the material fractions affect not only structure scheme but also TBR variation.The second factor is the cooling condition affecting final TBR due to the change of the structure material proportion.The third factor is temperature field related to the tritium release.In particular,it is suggested that the statistical calculation of effective TBR must be under reasonable control of the blanket temperature field.This approach is novel for blanket engineering in development of a fusion reactor.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31870519,31901503 and 31671731)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2016YFD0101300 and 2016YFD0100202-10)+1 种基金the China Agriculture Research System(CARS-12)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK20190267)。
文摘With the increasing promotion of simplified rapeseed cultivation in recent years,the development of cultivars with high resistance to herbicides is urgently needed.We previously developed M342,which shows sulfonylurea herbicide resistance,by targeting acetohydroxyacid synthase(AHAS),a key enzyme in branched-chain amino acid synthesis.In the present study,we used a progeny line derived from M342 for an additional round of ethyl methane sulfonate mutagenesis,yielding the novel mutant DS3,which harbored two mutations in AHAS genes and showed high sulfonylurea resistance.One mutation was the substitution Trp574 Leu,as in M342,according to Arabidopsis protein sequencing.The other site was a newly recognized substitution,Pro197 Leu.A KASP marker targeting Pro197 Leu was developed and reliably predicted the response to sulfonylurea herbicides in the F2 population.The combination of Trp574 Leu and Pro197 Leu in DS3 produced a synergistic effect that greatly increased herbicide resistance.Analysis of the protein structures of AHAS1 and AHAS3 in wild-type and single-gene mutant plants revealed three-dimensional protein conformational changes that could account for differences in herbicide resistance characteristics including toxicity tolerance,AHAS enzyme activity,and AHAS gene expression.
基金supported by the Zhejiang Province Key Research and Development Project(2023C01191).
文摘Given the diversity and complexity of coexisting oil/dyes/heavy metal ions/microorganisms in wastewater and volatile organic compounds(VOCs)in the air,developing separation materials featured in higher separation efficiency and lower energy consumption for oil and water separation,pollutant removal,and anti-fouling is urgently needed,but it remains a major challenge till now.Herein,a multifunctional Ti_(3)C_(2)MXene membrane with unique double pillar support was proposed by liquid phase ultrasonication and vacuum filtration to over-come the above challenge.Introducing cetyl-trimethyl ammonium bromide(CTAB)and calcium chloride/sodium alginate(CaCl_(2)/SA)to the MXene membrane as crossed double pillars and superhydrophilic surface increases the tolerance and wettability of the membrane.The fabricated doubly pillared MXene(d-Ti_(3)C_(2))membrane exhibits superior oil/water(O/W)separation efficiency(99.76%)with flux(1.284 L m^(-2)h^(-1))for canola oil and organic dye removing efficiency for methyl blue(MB)99.85%,malachite green(MG)100%,and methyl violet(MV)99.72%,respectively,which is 1.05,1.44,1.22,and 1.28 fold compared with pre-pillared Ti_(3)C_(2)(p-Ti_(3)C_(2)).The superior anti-oil/dye/fouling is attributed to lower oil conglutination,high hydrophily,and antibacterial activity.The versatile MXene membrane also shows distinguished separation of VOCs(η>99%)from polluted air.The experimental and molecular dynamics(MD)computational simulation results illustrate that the superior sepa-ration efficiency of the Ti_(3)C_(2)MXene membrane is ascribed to the unique doubly pillared space channel.This study paves a new road to further research on one step integration strategy for complex O/W separation,wastewater and VOCs removal,and anti-fouling via tuning nano/macro architecture.
基金supported by the Innovation Program of Shanghai Municipal Education Commission(2017–01-07–00-07-E00018)the National Key R&D Program of the MOST of China(2016YFA0300203,2016YFA0300500,2016YFA0301001,and 2018YFE0103200)+6 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(11874119)Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology Major Project(2019SHZDZX04)the Hong Kong Research Grants Council(17303819 and 17306520)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(11875265)the Scientific Instrument Developing Project of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(3He based neutron polarization devices)the Institute of High Energy Physicsthe Chinese Academy of Sciences。
文摘We report thermodynamic and neutron scattering measurements of the triangular-lattice quantum Ising magnet TmMgGaO_(4)in longitudinal magnetic fields.Our experiments reveal a quasi-plateau state induced by quantum fluctuations.This state exhibits an unconventional non-monotonic field and temperature dependence of the magnetic order and excitation gap.In the high field regime where the quantum fluctuations are largely suppressed,we observed a disordered state with coherent magnon-like excitations despite the suppression of the spin excitation intensity.Through detailed semi-classical calculations,we are able to understand these behaviors quantitatively from the subtle competition between quantum fluctuations and frustrated Ising interactions.
基金supported by the Ministry of Science and Technology of China(Grant No.2022YFA1402700,2018YFGH000095)the NSF of China(Grant No.U2032213,11774223,12274186,11774352,11974244,U1832214,and U1932215)+2 种基金the interdisciplinary program Wuhan National High Magnetic Field Center(Grant No.WHMFC 202122)Huazhong University of Science and Technology,and the Research Grants Council of Hong Kong with General Research Fund Grant No.17303819the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.XDB33010100)。
文摘Spin-orbit coupling is an important ingredient to regulate the many-body physics,especially for many spin liquid candidate materials such as rare-earth magnets and Kitaev materials.The rare-earth chalcogenides NaYbCh_(2)(Ch=O,S,Se)is a congenital frustrating system to exhibit the intrinsic landmark of spin liquid by eliminating both the site disorders between Na+and Yb^(3+)ions with the big ionic size difference and the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction with the perfect triangular lattice of the Yb^(3+)ions.The temperature versus magnetic-field phase diagram is established by the magnetization,specific heat,and neutron-scattering measurements.Notably,the neutron diffraction spectra and the magnetization curve might provide microscopic evidence for a series of spin configuration for in-plane fields,which include the disordered spin liquid state,120°antiferromagnet,and one-half magnetization state.Furthermore,the ground state is suggested to be a gapless spin liquid from inelastic neutron scattering,and the magnetic field adjusts the spin orbit coupling.Therefore,the strong spin-orbit coupling in the frustrated quantum magnet substantially enriches low-energy spin physics.This rare-earth family could offer a good platform for exploring the quantum spin liquid ground state and quantum magnetic transitions.
文摘Following publication of this article[1],the page number in ref.55 was incorrect and should have been 10009 rather than 10.In the Author contribution section of this article,the authors get the support from Prof.Gang Chen,so it should be revised as:“QMZ and JM conducted the study.JSL and ZZ grew NaYbS2 polycrystalline samples and single crystals.
