Agriculture is the foundation of national economy,and agricultural development is related to the rapid development of long-term stability of the society and economy. Agriculture includes farming,forestry,animal husban...Agriculture is the foundation of national economy,and agricultural development is related to the rapid development of long-term stability of the society and economy. Agriculture includes farming,forestry,animal husbandry,and fisheries. Agricultural listed company as an agricultural enterprise " leader",which directly affects the development of the entire growth of the agricultural industry development and policy,so the study of agricultural listed company's growth is particularly important. This paper uses AHP weighting method to evaluate 2012 financial data on the growth of agricultural listed companies.展开更多
Background Hookworm disease remains a global health issue.In China,it persists with a 0.67%infection rate and uneven distribution in 2021.Optimized control strategies are needed.This study aims to optimize interventio...Background Hookworm disease remains a global health issue.In China,it persists with a 0.67%infection rate and uneven distribution in 2021.Optimized control strategies are needed.This study aims to optimize intervention strategies for hookworm disease in China.Methods Structural analysis and parameter estimation were conducted using system dynamics theory.Key variables were identified via the Delphi method,leading to the creation of a causal loop diagram(CLD)and stock flow chart(SFC).Based on the SFC,parameter estimation and quantitative relationships were established and the model was validated.A cost-effectiveness model was then integrated into the intervention mechanism model.Various intervention measures were tested in the model to determine their cost-effectiveness ratio(CER)and effectiveness.Generalized linear models were constructed from simulation data,accounting for the impact of survey sites.The results were used to develop an optimized strategy for hookworm disease control.Results In comparing drug treatment methods,whole population deworming(WPD)and key population deworming(KPD)showed lower CERs than examination and voluntarily deworming(EVD),saving 384.79-504.64 CNY and 354.35-506.21 CNY per infection reduced,respectively(P<0.001).For WPD or KPD alone,CER decreased with increased drug coverage.For examination and deworming(ED)and EVD,CER was highest at 30%coverage for a 1-year intervention,but at 90%coverage for 2-5 years(P<0.05).WPD,ED,and EVD had higher infection reduction rates than KPD,with ratios of 0.14-0.25,0.10-0.19,and 0.08-0.17,respectively,over 1-5 years(P<0.001).Continuous health education over 1-5 years showed that increasing coverage from a 10%baseline led to enhancing cost-effectiveness and intervention outcomes.Conclusions In high-endemic areas(infection rate≥20%)in China,prioritize WPD for better cost-effectiveness and outcomes.In medium-endemic areas(5%≤infection rate<20%)where WPD isn't feasible,use ED for cost-effectiveness and KPD for infection reduction,based on local needs.In low-endemic areas(infection rate<5%),encourage voluntary examination and treatment due to limited cost-effectiveness of mass treatment.Combining drug treatment with extensive health education can enhance long-term control effect.This strategy can guide control efforts for hookwormdiseases in China.展开更多
Rice blast,caused by the fungal pathogen Magnaporthe oryzae,is one of the most important diseases of rice.Utilization of blast-resistance genes is the most economical,effective,and environmentally friendly way to cont...Rice blast,caused by the fungal pathogen Magnaporthe oryzae,is one of the most important diseases of rice.Utilization of blast-resistance genes is the most economical,effective,and environmentally friendly way to control the disease.However,genetic resources with broad-spectrum resistance(BSR)that is effective throughout the rice growth period are rare.In this work,using a genome-wide association study,we identify a new blast-resistance gene,Pijx,which encodes a typical CC-NBS-LRR protein.Pijx is derived from a wild rice species and confers BSR to M.oryzae at both the seedling and panicle stages.The functions of the resistant haplotypes of Pijx are confirmed by gene knockout and overexpression experiments.Mechanistically,the LRR domain in Pijx interacts with and promotes the degradation of the ATP synthase β subunit(ATPb)via the 26S proteasome pathway.ATPb acts as a negative regulator of Pijx-mediated panicle blast resistance,and interacts with OsRbohC to promote its degradation.Consistently,loss of ATPb function causes an increase in NAPDH content and ROS burst.Remarkably,when Pijx is introgressed into two japonica rice varieties,the introgression lines show BSR and increased yields that are approximately 51.59%and 79.31%higher compared with those of their parents in a natural blast disease nursery.In addition,we generate PPL^(Pijx Pigm) and PPL^(Pijx Piz-t) pyramided lines and these lines also have higher BSR to panicle blast compared with Pigm-or Piz-t-containing rice plants.Collectively,this study demonstrates that Pijx not only confers BSR to M.oryzae but also maintains high and stable rice yield,providing new genetic resources and molecular targets for breeding rice varieties with broad-spectrum blast resistance.展开更多
Dear Editor,Loss of yield because of competition from weeds restricts the production of rice(Oryza sativa L.)(Maeda et al.,2019).Application of chemical herbicides is currently the most effective method for controllin...Dear Editor,Loss of yield because of competition from weeds restricts the production of rice(Oryza sativa L.)(Maeda et al.,2019).Application of chemical herbicides is currently the most effective method for controlling weeds during rice production,especially in modern simplified cultivation systems.However,long-term and extensive use of herbicides,such as inhibitors of the enzymes 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase,acetolactate synthase,and acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase,has resulted in the emergence of herbicide-resistant weed species as well as soils with high levels of herbicide residues,which limit crop rotation.Therefore,there is an urgent need for alternative herbicides and breeding of corresponding herbicideresistant rice varieties.展开更多
What is already known about this topic?Soil-transmitted helminthiasis(STH)is distributed widely in China and a large number of the population is afflicted.However,trends of STH infections are decreasing.What is added ...What is already known about this topic?Soil-transmitted helminthiasis(STH)is distributed widely in China and a large number of the population is afflicted.However,trends of STH infections are decreasing.What is added by this report?The most recent data indicates that the overall prevalence of STH was 1.29% in 2018 in China,which was based on the national sentinel surveillance and demonstrates a continuous decline pattern.What are the implications for public health practice?Considering the current prevalence in China and various endemic statuses in different regions,precision control measures should be implemented for the control and elimination of STH in China.展开更多
(Molecular Plant 16,1832-1846,November 62023)The originally published version of this manuscript contained several small mistakes in the labels and legends of main and supplemental figures,along with a few small mista...(Molecular Plant 16,1832-1846,November 62023)The originally published version of this manuscript contained several small mistakes in the labels and legends of main and supplemental figures,along with a few small mistakes in the main text,that have now been corrected.Specifically,in Figure 6G,the label“NILGY31^(Pijx)”has been corrected to“NIL^(Pijx)”,and in the legend of Figure 6H,“PPL^(Pijx Piz-t)”and“PPL^(Pijx Pigm)”have been corrected to“NIL^(Piz-t Pijx)”and“PPL^(Pigm Pijx).”In Figure S8A。展开更多
Summary What is already known about this topic?Neurocysticercosis is the most severe form of infection caused by ingesting cysticerci,the larval cysts of the pork tapeworm,Taenia solium.Approximately 50 million people...Summary What is already known about this topic?Neurocysticercosis is the most severe form of infection caused by ingesting cysticerci,the larval cysts of the pork tapeworm,Taenia solium.Approximately 50 million people worldwide have neurocysticercosis,which is the leading cause of acquired epilepsy in many endemic countries.What is added by this report?The health of neurocysticercosis patients can be seriously impaired,including through loss of mobility,inability to do self-care,impairment of usual activities,pain/discomfort,anxiety/depression,and impaired cognition.Cognitive impairment is the major consequence of neurocysticercosis and significant contributor to decreased health-related quality of life.Our study made the first estimate of disability weight from neurocysticercosis as a key parameter for disease burden assessment in China.What are the implications for public health practice?To prevent severe health outcomes from neurocysticercosis in China,it is necessary to improve public awareness of neurocysticercosis and relevant health behaviors.展开更多
基金Supported by Research Center for Sustainable Development in Three Gorges Reservoir Area Open Fund Project(2014-sxxyjd-05)Youth Research Project of Chongqing Three Gorges University(11QN-07)Innovation Planning Project for University Students in Chongqing Three Gorges University(2014-56)
文摘Agriculture is the foundation of national economy,and agricultural development is related to the rapid development of long-term stability of the society and economy. Agriculture includes farming,forestry,animal husbandry,and fisheries. Agricultural listed company as an agricultural enterprise " leader",which directly affects the development of the entire growth of the agricultural industry development and policy,so the study of agricultural listed company's growth is particularly important. This paper uses AHP weighting method to evaluate 2012 financial data on the growth of agricultural listed companies.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(GrantNo.81973108).
文摘Background Hookworm disease remains a global health issue.In China,it persists with a 0.67%infection rate and uneven distribution in 2021.Optimized control strategies are needed.This study aims to optimize intervention strategies for hookworm disease in China.Methods Structural analysis and parameter estimation were conducted using system dynamics theory.Key variables were identified via the Delphi method,leading to the creation of a causal loop diagram(CLD)and stock flow chart(SFC).Based on the SFC,parameter estimation and quantitative relationships were established and the model was validated.A cost-effectiveness model was then integrated into the intervention mechanism model.Various intervention measures were tested in the model to determine their cost-effectiveness ratio(CER)and effectiveness.Generalized linear models were constructed from simulation data,accounting for the impact of survey sites.The results were used to develop an optimized strategy for hookworm disease control.Results In comparing drug treatment methods,whole population deworming(WPD)and key population deworming(KPD)showed lower CERs than examination and voluntarily deworming(EVD),saving 384.79-504.64 CNY and 354.35-506.21 CNY per infection reduced,respectively(P<0.001).For WPD or KPD alone,CER decreased with increased drug coverage.For examination and deworming(ED)and EVD,CER was highest at 30%coverage for a 1-year intervention,but at 90%coverage for 2-5 years(P<0.05).WPD,ED,and EVD had higher infection reduction rates than KPD,with ratios of 0.14-0.25,0.10-0.19,and 0.08-0.17,respectively,over 1-5 years(P<0.001).Continuous health education over 1-5 years showed that increasing coverage from a 10%baseline led to enhancing cost-effectiveness and intervention outcomes.Conclusions In high-endemic areas(infection rate≥20%)in China,prioritize WPD for better cost-effectiveness and outcomes.In medium-endemic areas(5%≤infection rate<20%)where WPD isn't feasible,use ED for cost-effectiveness and KPD for infection reduction,based on local needs.In low-endemic areas(infection rate<5%),encourage voluntary examination and treatment due to limited cost-effectiveness of mass treatment.Combining drug treatment with extensive health education can enhance long-term control effect.This strategy can guide control efforts for hookwormdiseases in China.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grants No.31971868,32161143009,and 31971873)the earmarked fund for CARS-01-88CARS-01-88,the Core Provenance Project in Jiangsu Province(JBGS(2021)035)+2 种基金the Key R&D Program of Jiangsu Province Modern Agriculture(BE2021334,BE2022336)the Ministry of Science and Technology/State Administration of Foreign Experts Affairs(GL20200114001)the Jiangsu Province Natural Science Fund(BK20201218).
文摘Rice blast,caused by the fungal pathogen Magnaporthe oryzae,is one of the most important diseases of rice.Utilization of blast-resistance genes is the most economical,effective,and environmentally friendly way to control the disease.However,genetic resources with broad-spectrum resistance(BSR)that is effective throughout the rice growth period are rare.In this work,using a genome-wide association study,we identify a new blast-resistance gene,Pijx,which encodes a typical CC-NBS-LRR protein.Pijx is derived from a wild rice species and confers BSR to M.oryzae at both the seedling and panicle stages.The functions of the resistant haplotypes of Pijx are confirmed by gene knockout and overexpression experiments.Mechanistically,the LRR domain in Pijx interacts with and promotes the degradation of the ATP synthase β subunit(ATPb)via the 26S proteasome pathway.ATPb acts as a negative regulator of Pijx-mediated panicle blast resistance,and interacts with OsRbohC to promote its degradation.Consistently,loss of ATPb function causes an increase in NAPDH content and ROS burst.Remarkably,when Pijx is introgressed into two japonica rice varieties,the introgression lines show BSR and increased yields that are approximately 51.59%and 79.31%higher compared with those of their parents in a natural blast disease nursery.In addition,we generate PPL^(Pijx Pigm) and PPL^(Pijx Piz-t) pyramided lines and these lines also have higher BSR to panicle blast compared with Pigm-or Piz-t-containing rice plants.Collectively,this study demonstrates that Pijx not only confers BSR to M.oryzae but also maintains high and stable rice yield,providing new genetic resources and molecular targets for breeding rice varieties with broad-spectrum blast resistance.
基金supported by the Jiangsu Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Fund(CX(22)3148)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province,China(BK20201218)+1 种基金the Key R&D Program of Jiangsu Province Modern Agriculture(BE2021334)the Core Provenance Project in Jiangsu Province(JBGS(2021)035).
文摘Dear Editor,Loss of yield because of competition from weeds restricts the production of rice(Oryza sativa L.)(Maeda et al.,2019).Application of chemical herbicides is currently the most effective method for controlling weeds during rice production,especially in modern simplified cultivation systems.However,long-term and extensive use of herbicides,such as inhibitors of the enzymes 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase,acetolactate synthase,and acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase,has resulted in the emergence of herbicide-resistant weed species as well as soils with high levels of herbicide residues,which limit crop rotation.Therefore,there is an urgent need for alternative herbicides and breeding of corresponding herbicideresistant rice varieties.
基金supported by the National Health Commission of China and China CDC.
文摘What is already known about this topic?Soil-transmitted helminthiasis(STH)is distributed widely in China and a large number of the population is afflicted.However,trends of STH infections are decreasing.What is added by this report?The most recent data indicates that the overall prevalence of STH was 1.29% in 2018 in China,which was based on the national sentinel surveillance and demonstrates a continuous decline pattern.What are the implications for public health practice?Considering the current prevalence in China and various endemic statuses in different regions,precision control measures should be implemented for the control and elimination of STH in China.
文摘(Molecular Plant 16,1832-1846,November 62023)The originally published version of this manuscript contained several small mistakes in the labels and legends of main and supplemental figures,along with a few small mistakes in the main text,that have now been corrected.Specifically,in Figure 6G,the label“NILGY31^(Pijx)”has been corrected to“NIL^(Pijx)”,and in the legend of Figure 6H,“PPL^(Pijx Piz-t)”and“PPL^(Pijx Pigm)”have been corrected to“NIL^(Piz-t Pijx)”and“PPL^(Pigm Pijx).”In Figure S8A。
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.32161143036)the Fifth Round of Three-Year Public Health Action Plan of Shanghai(No.GWV-10.1-XK13)the National Special Science and Technology Project for Major Infectious Diseases of China(Grant No.2016ZX10004222-004).
文摘Summary What is already known about this topic?Neurocysticercosis is the most severe form of infection caused by ingesting cysticerci,the larval cysts of the pork tapeworm,Taenia solium.Approximately 50 million people worldwide have neurocysticercosis,which is the leading cause of acquired epilepsy in many endemic countries.What is added by this report?The health of neurocysticercosis patients can be seriously impaired,including through loss of mobility,inability to do self-care,impairment of usual activities,pain/discomfort,anxiety/depression,and impaired cognition.Cognitive impairment is the major consequence of neurocysticercosis and significant contributor to decreased health-related quality of life.Our study made the first estimate of disability weight from neurocysticercosis as a key parameter for disease burden assessment in China.What are the implications for public health practice?To prevent severe health outcomes from neurocysticercosis in China,it is necessary to improve public awareness of neurocysticercosis and relevant health behaviors.
