Emulsions are widely used across various industries but often require surfactants for stabilization,leading to complex product formulations and environmental concerns.Continuous preparation of stable emulsions without...Emulsions are widely used across various industries but often require surfactants for stabilization,leading to complex product formulations and environmental concerns.Continuous preparation of stable emulsions without surfactants is still a significant challenge.Herein,a secondary membrane emulsification system was developed to produce stable oil-in-water emulsions under surfactant-free conditions,where the first membrane module employed the cross-flow membrane emulsification to generate the primary emulsion,while the second membrane module employed the premix membrane emulsification to further reduce the droplet size,thereby improving the emulsion stability.The morphology and droplet size of the secondary emulsion significantly depend on the membrane pore size,membrane surface wettability,primary emulsion flow,and primary emulsion quality.The secondary membrane emulsification system demonstrates excellent operational stability over 12 h,with no obvious changes in the emulsion characteristics.The prepared secondary emulsion remains relatively stable up to 10 min without surfactants,significantly superior to the primary emulsion.Furthermore,the developed system successfully produces the Janus emulsion with homogeneous internal phase morphology.This research provides an effective approach for the continuous preparation of stable emulsions without surfactants.展开更多
基金Financial support from the National Key Research and Development Program (2024YFA1510003)the National Natural Science Foundation (U24B20197,22278209,U23A20117,22178165,22208149)+1 种基金the Jiangsu Province Natural Science Foundation(BK20220354)the State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering (SKL-MCE-23A11) of China are gratefully acknowledged。
文摘Emulsions are widely used across various industries but often require surfactants for stabilization,leading to complex product formulations and environmental concerns.Continuous preparation of stable emulsions without surfactants is still a significant challenge.Herein,a secondary membrane emulsification system was developed to produce stable oil-in-water emulsions under surfactant-free conditions,where the first membrane module employed the cross-flow membrane emulsification to generate the primary emulsion,while the second membrane module employed the premix membrane emulsification to further reduce the droplet size,thereby improving the emulsion stability.The morphology and droplet size of the secondary emulsion significantly depend on the membrane pore size,membrane surface wettability,primary emulsion flow,and primary emulsion quality.The secondary membrane emulsification system demonstrates excellent operational stability over 12 h,with no obvious changes in the emulsion characteristics.The prepared secondary emulsion remains relatively stable up to 10 min without surfactants,significantly superior to the primary emulsion.Furthermore,the developed system successfully produces the Janus emulsion with homogeneous internal phase morphology.This research provides an effective approach for the continuous preparation of stable emulsions without surfactants.
