AIM:To present an overview of the research on global glaucoma treatment in the last decade in terms of publication year,journals,countries/regions,organizations,references,and keywords,to investigate the current resea...AIM:To present an overview of the research on global glaucoma treatment in the last decade in terms of publication year,journals,countries/regions,organizations,references,and keywords,to investigate the current research international trends and hot topics in this area.METHODS:Bibliometric analysis was conducted on 9128 articles in the Web of Science Core Collection(WoSCC;Clarivate)database.Quantitative and qualitative analysis was employed using VOSviewer(v1.6.18),Pajek(v1.0.0.0),and CiteSpace(v6.1.R2)software.RESULTS:The 9128 papers relating to glaucoma treatment were published from April 2013 to April 2023,of which 7482 articles(82%)were original research articles and 1464(18%)were review articles.The United States(2867)and Johns Hopkins University(166)were the most productive country and institution,respectively,but the University College London had the highest h-index(54).The Journal of Glaucoma was the most productive and Ophthalmology had the highest h-index compared with other journals.The Keywords of interest included treatment surgery,cyclophotocoagulation,minimally invasive glaucoma surgery(MIGS),trabeculectomy,baerveldt,epidemiology,medication adherence,nanoparticle,optical coherence tomography(OCT),gene therapy,and artificial intelligence(AI).Glaucoma surgery appeared as a current research hotspot through the analysis of keywords.CONCLUSION:This study provides insights into the research trends and potential research hotspots in the treatment of glaucoma.This will help researchers to evaluate research policies and to promote international cooperation.展开更多
The practical application of emerging rechargeable aqueous zinc(Zn)batteries is challenged by the poor reversibility and cycling stability of Zn anodes,primarily due to parasitic side reactions.While numerous strategi...The practical application of emerging rechargeable aqueous zinc(Zn)batteries is challenged by the poor reversibility and cycling stability of Zn anodes,primarily due to parasitic side reactions.While numerous strategies have been proposed,balancing the suppression of side reactions with the maintenance of fast Zn plating/stripping kinetics remains a significant challenge.In this study,sucrose,a sterically-hindered organic molecule with abundant hydroxyl groups,is employed to suppress the side reactions and maintain the moderate kinetics of Zn plating/stripping by modulating the hydrogen bond network without altering the Zn^(2+)solvation structure.Its steric hindrance effect further impedes the lateral diffusion of Zn atoms on the electrode surface within the electric double layer,effectively mitigating dendrite growth and stabilizing the electrodeposition process.Consequently,the formulated Suc/ZnSO_(4)electrolyte achieves a remarkably Coulombic efficiency of 99.90% over 2600 cycles at 3 mA cm^(-2)for 1 mAh cm^(-2)in Zn‖Cu cells.The enhanced Zn anode reversibility leads to excellent cycling stability in Zn‖LiFePO_(4)cells and Zn‖β-MnO_(2)cells.This study underscores the potential of sterically-hindered organic molecule strategies to enhance Zn anode stability while maintaining favorable Zn deposition/stripping dynamics in aqueous Zn batteries.展开更多
Photocatalytic hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2))production offers a sustainable route to convert water and oxygen into H_(2)O_(2)using solar energy.However,achieving long-term stability in photocatalysts remains a critica...Photocatalytic hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2))production offers a sustainable route to convert water and oxygen into H_(2)O_(2)using solar energy.However,achieving long-term stability in photocatalysts remains a critical challenge due to mismatched kinetics between oxygen reduction(ORR)and water oxidation(WOR),which leads to hole accumulation and oxidative degradation.Here,we report a redox-mediated strategy to address this bottleneck by designing a hydroquinone-embedded covalent organic framework(Tz-QH-COF)that enables reversible hole buffering and kinetic balance.The hydroquinone(QH)units act as dynamic hole reservoirs,capturing excess holes during ORR and converting to benzoquinone(Q),which is regenerated to QH via WOR,thereby preventing oxidative decomposition.This reversible QH/Q cycle,directly visualized through in situ attenuated total reflection surface-enhanced infrared absorption spectroscopy,ensures unmatched stability,achieving continuous H_(2)O_(2) production for 528 h(22 d)with an accumulated yield of 18.6 mmol L^(–1)—the highest reported duration for organic photocatalysts.Density functional theory calculations reveal that the QH units exhibit a strong oxygen adsorption energy and favorable two-electron ORR/WOR pathways with low energy barriers.The synergy between experimental and theoretical insights elucidates a redox-mediated charge-balance mechanism,advancing the design of robust photocatalysts for solar-driven H_(2)O_(2) synthesis.展开更多
The cavitation tunnel with controlled background pressure is a pivotal experimental setup for studying the mechanisms of cavitating flows and hydrodynamic loads on cavitating bodies.Existing recirculating cavitation t...The cavitation tunnel with controlled background pressure is a pivotal experimental setup for studying the mechanisms of cavitating flows and hydrodynamic loads on cavitating bodies.Existing recirculating cavitation tunnels predominantly feature horizontal test sections for modeling cavity flows in horizontal incoming flow and vertical gravitational acceleration and fail to meet the requirements for long-duration experiments on ventilated cavity flows.This paper introduces the unique gravitydriven vertical water tunnel(GVWT),facilitating hydrodynamic experiments on axisymmetric slender bodies with ventilated cavities in the streamwise gravitational acceleration.It elaborates high-throughput data processing method for synchronously measured high-speed camera images of cavity forms and pressure distribution from sensor arrays on model surfaces in unsteady long-duration ventilation conditions.For the ventilated cavity flow against an axisymmetric slender body with 60°cone headform at zero angle of attack,the developed partial cavity can be divided into four regimes:The sheet cavity,the combined sheet and cloud cavity,the entire cloud cavity,and the shedding cloud cavity.The mean cavity length and thickness are well-defined by the high-speed images.For the unsteady ventilated cavity due to the re-entrant jet,the Strouhal number based on cavity length and pulsation frequency of the cloud cavity equals 0.276.The mean pressure distribution in the ventilated cavity reveals a difference between the pressure within the sheet cavity and the maximum pressure in the cavity closure,which is influenced by the streamwise gravitational effect.The experimental results demonstrate that GVWT provides a novel experimental approach for understanding the physics of ventilated cavity evolution and bubbly flows under the effect of the streamwise gravitational acceleration.展开更多
Ectromelia virus(ECTV),a member of the Orthopoxvirus genus,serves as both a causative agent of mousepox and a pivotal surrogate model for studying highly pathogenic orthopoxviruses.Although genomic data on ECTV remain...Ectromelia virus(ECTV),a member of the Orthopoxvirus genus,serves as both a causative agent of mousepox and a pivotal surrogate model for studying highly pathogenic orthopoxviruses.Although genomic data on ECTV remains limited,we report the isolation and characterization of a novel strain,ECTV-C-Tan-GD01,obtained from rodents in Guangdong Province,China.Nanopore sequencing yielded a complete genome(199 annotated genes,including one gene truncated at the C-terminus)with inverted terminal repeats(ITRs)harboring a conserved hairpin structure.Notably,a frameshift-inducing“G”deletion in the EV159 gene resulted in the truncation of a semaphorin-like protein.In vitro assays demonstrated cell-associated viral replication kinetics,with maximum titers achieved earlier in Vero/HeLa cells(72 h)than in BHK-21/CEF cells(84 h).Murine challenge experiments revealed extreme virulence(LD50<1 plaque-forming unit(PFU)via intranasal/footpad routes)and hepatosplenic tropism.Furthermore,ECTV-C-Tan-GD01 exhibited utility in evaluating orthopoxvirus countermeasures:a single dose of vaccinia virus Tiantan(VTT)or non-replicating vaccinia virus Tiantan(NTV)conferred cross-protection,while tecovirimat(ST-246),cidofovir(CDV),and brincidofovir(initially CMX001)significantly reduced viral loads and pathology.This study establishes ECTV-C-Tan-GD01 as a dual-purpose resource for probing orthopoxvirus evolution and advancing therapeutic development.展开更多
Objective:Spontaneous hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)rupture can be fatal,and hepatic resection could achieve a favorable long-term survival among all strategies of tumor rupture.However,there is no available prognostic...Objective:Spontaneous hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)rupture can be fatal,and hepatic resection could achieve a favorable long-term survival among all strategies of tumor rupture.However,there is no available prognostic scoring system for patients with ruptured HCC who underwent partial hepatectomy.Methods:From January 2005 to May 2015,129 patients with spontaneous HCC rupture underwent partial hepatectomy.Preoperative clinical data were collected and analyzed.Independent risk factors affecting overall survival(OS)were used to develop the new scoring system.Harrell’s C statistics,Akaike information criterion(AIC),the relative likelihood,and the log likelihood ratio were calculated to measure the homogeneity and discriminatory ability of a prognostic system.Results:In the multivariable Cox regression analysis,three factors,including tumor size,preoperativeα-fetoprotein level,and alkaline phosphatase level,were chosen for the new tumor-associated antigen(TAA)prognostic scoring system.The 1-year OS rates were 88.1%,43.2%,and 30.2%for TAA scores of 0–5 points(low-risk group),6–9 points(moderate-risk group),and 10–13points(high-risk group),respectively.The TAA scoring system had superior homogeneity and discriminatory ability(Harrell’s C statistics,0.693 vs.0.627 and 0.634;AIC,794.79 vs.817.23 and 820.16;relative likelihood,both<0.001;and log likelihood ratio,45.21 vs.22.77 and 21.84)than the Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer staging system and the Cancer of the Liver Italian Program in predicting OS.Similar results were found while predicting disease-free survival(DFS).Conclusions:The new prognostic scoring system is simple and effective in predicting both OS and DFS of patients with spontaneous ruptured HCC.展开更多
An improved single image dehazing method based on dark channel prior and wavelet transform is proposed. This pro-posed method employs wavelet transform and guided filter instead of the soft matting procedure to estima...An improved single image dehazing method based on dark channel prior and wavelet transform is proposed. This pro-posed method employs wavelet transform and guided filter instead of the soft matting procedure to estimate and refine the depth map of haze images. Moreover, a contrast enhancement method based on just noticeable difference （JND） and quadratic function is adopted to enhance the contrast for the dehazed image, since the scene radiance is usual y not as bright as the atmospheric light, and the dehazed image looks dim. The experimental results show that the proposed approach can effectively enhance the haze ima-ge and is wel suitable for implementing on the surveil ance and obstacle detection systems.展开更多
This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility and safety of a novel stent manufactured by metal injection molding(MIM)in clinical practice through animal experiments.Vessel stents were prepared using powder injection m...This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility and safety of a novel stent manufactured by metal injection molding(MIM)in clinical practice through animal experiments.Vessel stents were prepared using powder injection molding technology to considerably improve material utilization.The influence of MIM carbon impurity variation on the mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of 316L stainless steel was studied.In vitro cytotoxicity and animal transplantation tests were also carried out to evaluate the safety of MIM stents.The results showed that the performance of 316L stainless steel was very sensitive to the carbon content.Carbon fluctuations should be precisely controlled during MIM.All MIM stents were successfully implanted into the aortas of the dogs,and the MIM 316L stents had no significant cytotoxicity.The novel intravascular stent manufactured using MIM can maintain a stable form and structure with fast endothelialization of the luminal surface of the stent and ensure long-term patency in an animal model.The novel intravascular stent manufactured using MIM demonstrates favorable structural,physical,and chemical stability,as well as biocompatibility,offering promising application in clinical practice.展开更多
The failure of cement sheath integrity can be easily caused by alternating pressure during large-scale multistage hydraulic fracturing in shale-gas well.An elastic-plastic mechanical model of casing-cement sheath-form...The failure of cement sheath integrity can be easily caused by alternating pressure during large-scale multistage hydraulic fracturing in shale-gas well.An elastic-plastic mechanical model of casing-cement sheath-formation(CSF)system under alternating pressure is established based on the Mohr-Coulomb criterion and thick-walled cylinder theory,and it has been solved by MATLAB programming combining global optimization algorithm with Global Search.The failure mechanism of cement sheath integrity is investigated,by which it can be seen that the formation of interface debonding is mainly related to the plastic strain accumulation,and there is a risk of interface debonding under alternating pressure,once the cement sheath enters plasticity whether in shallow or deep well sections.The matching relationship between the mechanical parameters(elastic modulus and Poisson's ratio)of cement sheath and its integrity failure under alternating pressure in whole well sections is studied,by which it has been found there is a“critical range”in the Poisson's ratio of cement sheath.When the Poisson's ratio is below the“critical range”,there is a positive correlation between the yield internal pressure of cement sheath(SYP)and its elastic modulus.However,when the Poisson's ratio is above the“critical range”,there is a negative correlation.The elastic modulus of cement sheath is closely related to its Poisson's ratio,and restricts each other.Scientific and reasonable matching between mechanical parameters of cement sheath and CSF system under different working conditions can not only reduce the cost,but also protect the cement sheath integrity.展开更多
Fingerprints are unique and life-long to everyone, so they occupy very important statuses in forensic science. However, due to the limit of current imaging technologies and instruments, recognition and matching of fin...Fingerprints are unique and life-long to everyone, so they occupy very important statuses in forensic science. However, due to the limit of current imaging technologies and instruments, recognition and matching of fingerprints are mostly based on their level 2 structures（bifurcation, crossover, and etc.）.Moreover, in real-world cases, fingerprints collected in the field are often incomplete or damaged, which adds further difficulty in fingerprint analysis. Quantum dots（QDs） are superior fluorescent imaging agents for latent fingerprints, which can provide both level 2 and level 3（sweat pores） details. Here, we used red-emitting N-acetylcysteine-capped Cd Te QDs as imaging agent for staining of eccrine LFPs. The numbers of level 2 and level 3 features that can be mapped are significantly larger than those obtained by cyanoacrylate fuming, a standard technique being adopted at forensic scene. Therefore, the level 2 and level 3 characteristics from QD-staining were simultaneously extracted for improved fingerprint analysis.A preliminary fingerprint matching based modified Pore Matching algorithm was thus developed based on the integration of both level 2 and level 3 characteristics. Satisfactory results of fingerprint matching were obtained, demonstrating the advantage of the QD-staining for advanced fingerprint analysis.展开更多
Introduction:Parallel stent-stent grafting is a major endovascular technique used to preserve the supra-aortic branches during thoracic endovascular aortic repair(TEVAR)of aortic pathologies involving the aortic arch....Introduction:Parallel stent-stent grafting is a major endovascular technique used to preserve the supra-aortic branches during thoracic endovascular aortic repair(TEVAR)of aortic pathologies involving the aortic arch.The short-and mid-term results of this technique are satisfactory;however,endoleak remains a major concern.Thus,here we designed a new chimney stent-graft to decrease the endoleak rate.Aim:To testify the feasibility and safety of the new chimney stent-graft system in a canine model.Material and methods:Six Labrador retrievers were used.Pre-operative data were collected and all operations were performed under general anesthesia.The main and chimney stent-grafts were implanted through the abdominal aorta and left subclavian artery approaches,respectively.Completion digital subtraction angiography(DSA)was performed to confirm the immediate outcomes.All dogs were fed separately for 6 months and sacrificed after aortic angiography.The thoracic aorta and the main and chimney stent-grafts were harvested for histopathologic examination.Results:No complications were found in follow-up DSA.All branch arteries were patent.In?ammatory responses were observed around the stent-grafts in 3 experimental animals,and slight hyperplasia was observed in the surrounding tissues compared with the normal vessels.There was no mural thrombus in the stent,endothelial cells were noted on the inner surface of the stent,and thrombus was formed in the outer skirt and gutter area.The histopathologic examinations revealed similar results to those of gross necropsy observations.Conclusions:This study demonstrated the feasibility and safety of the Longuette stent-graft and the first to report a revised stent-graft specific for chimney technique.展开更多
In this paper,a hybrid Lattice Boltzmann Flux Solver(LBFS)with an improved switch function is proposed for simulation of integrated hypersonic fluid-thermal-structural problems.In the solver,the macroscopic Navier–St...In this paper,a hybrid Lattice Boltzmann Flux Solver(LBFS)with an improved switch function is proposed for simulation of integrated hypersonic fluid-thermal-structural problems.In the solver,the macroscopic Navier–Stokes equations and structural heat transfer equation are discretized by the finite volume method,and the numerical fluxes at the cell interface are reconstructed by the local solution of the Boltzmann equation.To compute the numerical fluxes,two equilibrium distribution functions are introduced.One is the D1Q4 discrete velocity model for calculating the inviscid flux across the cell interface of Navier–Stokes equations,and the other is the D2Q4 model for evaluating the flux of structural energy equation.In this work,a new dual thermal resistance model is proposed to calculate the thermal properties at the fluid–solid interface.The accuracy and stability of the present hybrid solver are validated by simulating several numerical examples,including the fluid-thermal-structural problem of cylindrical leading edge.Numerical results show that the present solver can accurately predict the thermal properties of hypersonic fluid-thermalstructural problems and has the great potential for solving fluid-thermal-structural problems of long-endurance high-speed vehicles.展开更多
To improve the performance of multilayer perceptron(MLP)neural networks activated by conventional activation functions,this paper presents a new MLP activated by univariate Gaussian radial basis functions(RBFs)with ad...To improve the performance of multilayer perceptron(MLP)neural networks activated by conventional activation functions,this paper presents a new MLP activated by univariate Gaussian radial basis functions(RBFs)with adaptive centers and widths,which is composed of more than one hidden layer.In the hidden layer of the RBF-activated MLP network(MLPRBF),the outputs of the preceding layer are first linearly transformed and then fed into the univariate Gaussian RBF,which exploits the highly nonlinear property of RBF.Adaptive RBFs might address the issues of saturated outputs,low sensitivity,and vanishing gradients in MLPs activated by other prevailing nonlinear functions.Finally,we apply four MLP networks with the rectified linear unit(ReLU),sigmoid function(sigmoid),hyperbolic tangent function(tanh),and Gaussian RBF as the activation functions to approximate the one-dimensional(1D)sinusoidal function,the analytical solution of viscous Burgers’equation,and the two-dimensional(2D)steady lid-driven cavity flows.Using the same network structure,MLP-RBF generally predicts more accurately and converges faster than the other threeMLPs.MLP-RBF using less hidden layers and/or neurons per layer can yield comparable or even higher approximation accuracy than other MLPs equipped with more layers or neurons.展开更多
基金Suppotred by Tianjin Key Medical Discipline Construction Project(No.TJYXZDXK-3-004A-2).
文摘AIM:To present an overview of the research on global glaucoma treatment in the last decade in terms of publication year,journals,countries/regions,organizations,references,and keywords,to investigate the current research international trends and hot topics in this area.METHODS:Bibliometric analysis was conducted on 9128 articles in the Web of Science Core Collection(WoSCC;Clarivate)database.Quantitative and qualitative analysis was employed using VOSviewer(v1.6.18),Pajek(v1.0.0.0),and CiteSpace(v6.1.R2)software.RESULTS:The 9128 papers relating to glaucoma treatment were published from April 2013 to April 2023,of which 7482 articles(82%)were original research articles and 1464(18%)were review articles.The United States(2867)and Johns Hopkins University(166)were the most productive country and institution,respectively,but the University College London had the highest h-index(54).The Journal of Glaucoma was the most productive and Ophthalmology had the highest h-index compared with other journals.The Keywords of interest included treatment surgery,cyclophotocoagulation,minimally invasive glaucoma surgery(MIGS),trabeculectomy,baerveldt,epidemiology,medication adherence,nanoparticle,optical coherence tomography(OCT),gene therapy,and artificial intelligence(AI).Glaucoma surgery appeared as a current research hotspot through the analysis of keywords.CONCLUSION:This study provides insights into the research trends and potential research hotspots in the treatment of glaucoma.This will help researchers to evaluate research policies and to promote international cooperation.
基金funded by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFB2404500)the Shenzhen Outstanding Talents Training Fund(01090100002)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52201280)。
文摘The practical application of emerging rechargeable aqueous zinc(Zn)batteries is challenged by the poor reversibility and cycling stability of Zn anodes,primarily due to parasitic side reactions.While numerous strategies have been proposed,balancing the suppression of side reactions with the maintenance of fast Zn plating/stripping kinetics remains a significant challenge.In this study,sucrose,a sterically-hindered organic molecule with abundant hydroxyl groups,is employed to suppress the side reactions and maintain the moderate kinetics of Zn plating/stripping by modulating the hydrogen bond network without altering the Zn^(2+)solvation structure.Its steric hindrance effect further impedes the lateral diffusion of Zn atoms on the electrode surface within the electric double layer,effectively mitigating dendrite growth and stabilizing the electrodeposition process.Consequently,the formulated Suc/ZnSO_(4)electrolyte achieves a remarkably Coulombic efficiency of 99.90% over 2600 cycles at 3 mA cm^(-2)for 1 mAh cm^(-2)in Zn‖Cu cells.The enhanced Zn anode reversibility leads to excellent cycling stability in Zn‖LiFePO_(4)cells and Zn‖β-MnO_(2)cells.This study underscores the potential of sterically-hindered organic molecule strategies to enhance Zn anode stability while maintaining favorable Zn deposition/stripping dynamics in aqueous Zn batteries.
文摘Photocatalytic hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2))production offers a sustainable route to convert water and oxygen into H_(2)O_(2)using solar energy.However,achieving long-term stability in photocatalysts remains a critical challenge due to mismatched kinetics between oxygen reduction(ORR)and water oxidation(WOR),which leads to hole accumulation and oxidative degradation.Here,we report a redox-mediated strategy to address this bottleneck by designing a hydroquinone-embedded covalent organic framework(Tz-QH-COF)that enables reversible hole buffering and kinetic balance.The hydroquinone(QH)units act as dynamic hole reservoirs,capturing excess holes during ORR and converting to benzoquinone(Q),which is regenerated to QH via WOR,thereby preventing oxidative decomposition.This reversible QH/Q cycle,directly visualized through in situ attenuated total reflection surface-enhanced infrared absorption spectroscopy,ensures unmatched stability,achieving continuous H_(2)O_(2) production for 528 h(22 d)with an accumulated yield of 18.6 mmol L^(–1)—the highest reported duration for organic photocatalysts.Density functional theory calculations reveal that the QH units exhibit a strong oxygen adsorption energy and favorable two-electron ORR/WOR pathways with low energy barriers.The synergy between experimental and theoretical insights elucidates a redox-mediated charge-balance mechanism,advancing the design of robust photocatalysts for solar-driven H_(2)O_(2) synthesis.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.12102262)CST Foundation of China Academy of Launch Vehicle Technology.
文摘The cavitation tunnel with controlled background pressure is a pivotal experimental setup for studying the mechanisms of cavitating flows and hydrodynamic loads on cavitating bodies.Existing recirculating cavitation tunnels predominantly feature horizontal test sections for modeling cavity flows in horizontal incoming flow and vertical gravitational acceleration and fail to meet the requirements for long-duration experiments on ventilated cavity flows.This paper introduces the unique gravitydriven vertical water tunnel(GVWT),facilitating hydrodynamic experiments on axisymmetric slender bodies with ventilated cavities in the streamwise gravitational acceleration.It elaborates high-throughput data processing method for synchronously measured high-speed camera images of cavity forms and pressure distribution from sensor arrays on model surfaces in unsteady long-duration ventilation conditions.For the ventilated cavity flow against an axisymmetric slender body with 60°cone headform at zero angle of attack,the developed partial cavity can be divided into four regimes:The sheet cavity,the combined sheet and cloud cavity,the entire cloud cavity,and the shedding cloud cavity.The mean cavity length and thickness are well-defined by the high-speed images.For the unsteady ventilated cavity due to the re-entrant jet,the Strouhal number based on cavity length and pulsation frequency of the cloud cavity equals 0.276.The mean pressure distribution in the ventilated cavity reveals a difference between the pressure within the sheet cavity and the maximum pressure in the cavity closure,which is influenced by the streamwise gravitational effect.The experimental results demonstrate that GVWT provides a novel experimental approach for understanding the physics of ventilated cavity evolution and bubbly flows under the effect of the streamwise gravitational acceleration.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Beijing(7254390)the Youth Science Foundation of Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention(2024A103)to W.C.C,the National Key ResearchDevelopment Program of China(2022YFC2304100,2023YFD1800405).
文摘Ectromelia virus(ECTV),a member of the Orthopoxvirus genus,serves as both a causative agent of mousepox and a pivotal surrogate model for studying highly pathogenic orthopoxviruses.Although genomic data on ECTV remains limited,we report the isolation and characterization of a novel strain,ECTV-C-Tan-GD01,obtained from rodents in Guangdong Province,China.Nanopore sequencing yielded a complete genome(199 annotated genes,including one gene truncated at the C-terminus)with inverted terminal repeats(ITRs)harboring a conserved hairpin structure.Notably,a frameshift-inducing“G”deletion in the EV159 gene resulted in the truncation of a semaphorin-like protein.In vitro assays demonstrated cell-associated viral replication kinetics,with maximum titers achieved earlier in Vero/HeLa cells(72 h)than in BHK-21/CEF cells(84 h).Murine challenge experiments revealed extreme virulence(LD50<1 plaque-forming unit(PFU)via intranasal/footpad routes)and hepatosplenic tropism.Furthermore,ECTV-C-Tan-GD01 exhibited utility in evaluating orthopoxvirus countermeasures:a single dose of vaccinia virus Tiantan(VTT)or non-replicating vaccinia virus Tiantan(NTV)conferred cross-protection,while tecovirimat(ST-246),cidofovir(CDV),and brincidofovir(initially CMX001)significantly reduced viral loads and pathology.This study establishes ECTV-C-Tan-GD01 as a dual-purpose resource for probing orthopoxvirus evolution and advancing therapeutic development.
文摘Objective:Spontaneous hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)rupture can be fatal,and hepatic resection could achieve a favorable long-term survival among all strategies of tumor rupture.However,there is no available prognostic scoring system for patients with ruptured HCC who underwent partial hepatectomy.Methods:From January 2005 to May 2015,129 patients with spontaneous HCC rupture underwent partial hepatectomy.Preoperative clinical data were collected and analyzed.Independent risk factors affecting overall survival(OS)were used to develop the new scoring system.Harrell’s C statistics,Akaike information criterion(AIC),the relative likelihood,and the log likelihood ratio were calculated to measure the homogeneity and discriminatory ability of a prognostic system.Results:In the multivariable Cox regression analysis,three factors,including tumor size,preoperativeα-fetoprotein level,and alkaline phosphatase level,were chosen for the new tumor-associated antigen(TAA)prognostic scoring system.The 1-year OS rates were 88.1%,43.2%,and 30.2%for TAA scores of 0–5 points(low-risk group),6–9 points(moderate-risk group),and 10–13points(high-risk group),respectively.The TAA scoring system had superior homogeneity and discriminatory ability(Harrell’s C statistics,0.693 vs.0.627 and 0.634;AIC,794.79 vs.817.23 and 820.16;relative likelihood,both<0.001;and log likelihood ratio,45.21 vs.22.77 and 21.84)than the Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer staging system and the Cancer of the Liver Italian Program in predicting OS.Similar results were found while predicting disease-free survival(DFS).Conclusions:The new prognostic scoring system is simple and effective in predicting both OS and DFS of patients with spontaneous ruptured HCC.
基金This research was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province under Grant Nos. 2015J01012 and 2015J01019.
文摘An improved single image dehazing method based on dark channel prior and wavelet transform is proposed. This pro-posed method employs wavelet transform and guided filter instead of the soft matting procedure to estimate and refine the depth map of haze images. Moreover, a contrast enhancement method based on just noticeable difference （JND） and quadratic function is adopted to enhance the contrast for the dehazed image, since the scene radiance is usual y not as bright as the atmospheric light, and the dehazed image looks dim. The experimental results show that the proposed approach can effectively enhance the haze ima-ge and is wel suitable for implementing on the surveil ance and obstacle detection systems.
基金the Major Project of the Ministry of Science and Technology of Changsha,China(No.kh2003014)the Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation,China(Nos.2018JJ2584,2018JJ3507)+1 种基金the Beijing Municipal Science and Technology Comission,China(No.D171100002917004)the Guangxi Science and Technology Plan Project,China(No.AD16380019).
文摘This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility and safety of a novel stent manufactured by metal injection molding(MIM)in clinical practice through animal experiments.Vessel stents were prepared using powder injection molding technology to considerably improve material utilization.The influence of MIM carbon impurity variation on the mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of 316L stainless steel was studied.In vitro cytotoxicity and animal transplantation tests were also carried out to evaluate the safety of MIM stents.The results showed that the performance of 316L stainless steel was very sensitive to the carbon content.Carbon fluctuations should be precisely controlled during MIM.All MIM stents were successfully implanted into the aortas of the dogs,and the MIM 316L stents had no significant cytotoxicity.The novel intravascular stent manufactured using MIM can maintain a stable form and structure with fast endothelialization of the luminal surface of the stent and ensure long-term patency in an animal model.The novel intravascular stent manufactured using MIM demonstrates favorable structural,physical,and chemical stability,as well as biocompatibility,offering promising application in clinical practice.
基金Research work was financed by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52074232)Sichuan Science and Technology Program(No.2022NSFSC0028,No.2022NSFSC0994).Without their support,this work would not have been possible.
文摘The failure of cement sheath integrity can be easily caused by alternating pressure during large-scale multistage hydraulic fracturing in shale-gas well.An elastic-plastic mechanical model of casing-cement sheath-formation(CSF)system under alternating pressure is established based on the Mohr-Coulomb criterion and thick-walled cylinder theory,and it has been solved by MATLAB programming combining global optimization algorithm with Global Search.The failure mechanism of cement sheath integrity is investigated,by which it can be seen that the formation of interface debonding is mainly related to the plastic strain accumulation,and there is a risk of interface debonding under alternating pressure,once the cement sheath enters plasticity whether in shallow or deep well sections.The matching relationship between the mechanical parameters(elastic modulus and Poisson's ratio)of cement sheath and its integrity failure under alternating pressure in whole well sections is studied,by which it has been found there is a“critical range”in the Poisson's ratio of cement sheath.When the Poisson's ratio is below the“critical range”,there is a positive correlation between the yield internal pressure of cement sheath(SYP)and its elastic modulus.However,when the Poisson's ratio is above the“critical range”,there is a negative correlation.The elastic modulus of cement sheath is closely related to its Poisson's ratio,and restricts each other.Scientific and reasonable matching between mechanical parameters of cement sheath and CSF system under different working conditions can not only reduce the cost,but also protect the cement sheath integrity.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 21475090 and 21522505)
文摘Fingerprints are unique and life-long to everyone, so they occupy very important statuses in forensic science. However, due to the limit of current imaging technologies and instruments, recognition and matching of fingerprints are mostly based on their level 2 structures（bifurcation, crossover, and etc.）.Moreover, in real-world cases, fingerprints collected in the field are often incomplete or damaged, which adds further difficulty in fingerprint analysis. Quantum dots（QDs） are superior fluorescent imaging agents for latent fingerprints, which can provide both level 2 and level 3（sweat pores） details. Here, we used red-emitting N-acetylcysteine-capped Cd Te QDs as imaging agent for staining of eccrine LFPs. The numbers of level 2 and level 3 features that can be mapped are significantly larger than those obtained by cyanoacrylate fuming, a standard technique being adopted at forensic scene. Therefore, the level 2 and level 3 characteristics from QD-staining were simultaneously extracted for improved fingerprint analysis.A preliminary fingerprint matching based modified Pore Matching algorithm was thus developed based on the integration of both level 2 and level 3 characteristics. Satisfactory results of fingerprint matching were obtained, demonstrating the advantage of the QD-staining for advanced fingerprint analysis.
文摘Introduction:Parallel stent-stent grafting is a major endovascular technique used to preserve the supra-aortic branches during thoracic endovascular aortic repair(TEVAR)of aortic pathologies involving the aortic arch.The short-and mid-term results of this technique are satisfactory;however,endoleak remains a major concern.Thus,here we designed a new chimney stent-graft to decrease the endoleak rate.Aim:To testify the feasibility and safety of the new chimney stent-graft system in a canine model.Material and methods:Six Labrador retrievers were used.Pre-operative data were collected and all operations were performed under general anesthesia.The main and chimney stent-grafts were implanted through the abdominal aorta and left subclavian artery approaches,respectively.Completion digital subtraction angiography(DSA)was performed to confirm the immediate outcomes.All dogs were fed separately for 6 months and sacrificed after aortic angiography.The thoracic aorta and the main and chimney stent-grafts were harvested for histopathologic examination.Results:No complications were found in follow-up DSA.All branch arteries were patent.In?ammatory responses were observed around the stent-grafts in 3 experimental animals,and slight hyperplasia was observed in the surrounding tissues compared with the normal vessels.There was no mural thrombus in the stent,endothelial cells were noted on the inner surface of the stent,and thrombus was formed in the outer skirt and gutter area.The histopathologic examinations revealed similar results to those of gross necropsy observations.Conclusions:This study demonstrated the feasibility and safety of the Longuette stent-graft and the first to report a revised stent-graft specific for chimney technique.
基金co-supported by the Postgraduate Research&Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province of China(No.KYCX17_0235)Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics Ph D Short-term Visiting Scholar Project(No.180602DF01)National Numerical Wind Tunnel Project(Nos.NNW2018-ZT3B08 and NNW2019-ZT7B30)。
文摘In this paper,a hybrid Lattice Boltzmann Flux Solver(LBFS)with an improved switch function is proposed for simulation of integrated hypersonic fluid-thermal-structural problems.In the solver,the macroscopic Navier–Stokes equations and structural heat transfer equation are discretized by the finite volume method,and the numerical fluxes at the cell interface are reconstructed by the local solution of the Boltzmann equation.To compute the numerical fluxes,two equilibrium distribution functions are introduced.One is the D1Q4 discrete velocity model for calculating the inviscid flux across the cell interface of Navier–Stokes equations,and the other is the D2Q4 model for evaluating the flux of structural energy equation.In this work,a new dual thermal resistance model is proposed to calculate the thermal properties at the fluid–solid interface.The accuracy and stability of the present hybrid solver are validated by simulating several numerical examples,including the fluid-thermal-structural problem of cylindrical leading edge.Numerical results show that the present solver can accurately predict the thermal properties of hypersonic fluid-thermalstructural problems and has the great potential for solving fluid-thermal-structural problems of long-endurance high-speed vehicles.
基金This work was partially supported by the research grant of the National University of Singapore(NUS),Ministry of Education(MOE Tier 1).
文摘To improve the performance of multilayer perceptron(MLP)neural networks activated by conventional activation functions,this paper presents a new MLP activated by univariate Gaussian radial basis functions(RBFs)with adaptive centers and widths,which is composed of more than one hidden layer.In the hidden layer of the RBF-activated MLP network(MLPRBF),the outputs of the preceding layer are first linearly transformed and then fed into the univariate Gaussian RBF,which exploits the highly nonlinear property of RBF.Adaptive RBFs might address the issues of saturated outputs,low sensitivity,and vanishing gradients in MLPs activated by other prevailing nonlinear functions.Finally,we apply four MLP networks with the rectified linear unit(ReLU),sigmoid function(sigmoid),hyperbolic tangent function(tanh),and Gaussian RBF as the activation functions to approximate the one-dimensional(1D)sinusoidal function,the analytical solution of viscous Burgers’equation,and the two-dimensional(2D)steady lid-driven cavity flows.Using the same network structure,MLP-RBF generally predicts more accurately and converges faster than the other threeMLPs.MLP-RBF using less hidden layers and/or neurons per layer can yield comparable or even higher approximation accuracy than other MLPs equipped with more layers or neurons.
