Climate change poses a significant threat to global health.It exacerbates existing health challenges and generates new ones.Therefore,innovative solutions to mitigate and adapt to its adverse effects are urgently requ...Climate change poses a significant threat to global health.It exacerbates existing health challenges and generates new ones.Therefore,innovative solutions to mitigate and adapt to its adverse effects are urgently required.This article explores the potential of digital health technologies to address the challenge posed by climate change-related health issues.It discusses their dual functionality of diminishing the carbon footprint of healthcare services and increasing understanding and governance of climate-sensitive diseases.Notably,with advanced technologies such as Generative medical AI(GMAI)presenting environmental concerns like substantial energy consumption during data processing and the generation of electronic waste,it is essential to underscore the significance of their responsible development and implementation of these technologies.This will ensure that the benefits of digital health technologies can be maximized while minimizing their ecological drawbacks.This study,therefore propose,a framework for leveraging digital health technologies to support climate change adaptation,including disease surveillance,telemedicine,patient support systems,and public awareness campaigns.展开更多
Renewable energy,especially solar power,is vital for mitigating global warming,while climate change also impacts solar photovoltaic potential(PVpot).This study analyzes historical(1985–2014)and future(2015–2100)clim...Renewable energy,especially solar power,is vital for mitigating global warming,while climate change also impacts solar photovoltaic potential(PVpot).This study analyzes historical(1985–2014)and future(2015–2100)climate effects on PVpot,and quantifies contributions from changed radiation,temperature,and wind speed.Historically,global PVpot increased by 0.42‰,with notable rises in eastern China(+7.1‰)and southern Europe(+3.5‰).By the end of the century,increased radiation-induced PVpot(+1.27‰)offsets temperatureinduced PVpot loss(−0.54‰)under SSP1-2.6,yielding a net PVpot increase(+0.74‰).Under SSP2-4.5,the temperature-induced PVpot decline(−1.50‰)drives the final PVpot reduction(−1.15‰).Under SSP3-7.0 and SSP5-8.5,combined radiation-induced(−1.94‰and−1.99‰)and temperature-induced PVpot changes(−2.67‰and−3.41‰)result in significant PVpot declines(−4.57‰and−5.31‰).Regional analysis reveals that eastern China(+0.7‰to+8.6‰),southern Europe(+0.3‰to+2.5‰),and Northwest South America(+0.6‰to+2.1‰)retain positive changes in future PVpot across all climate scenarios,which may be due to reduced aerosols and cloud cover,suggesting these areas can remain suitable for photovoltaic installations despite climate changes.In contrast,temperature-driven PVpot declines over the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau(−9.1‰to−4.3‰)and northern Africa(−9.3‰to−4.9‰)under future high-emission scenarios indicate that these historically advantageous regions will become less suitable for solar energy deployment.The findings underscore that climate changes driven by sustainable development pathways will generate more PVpot in the future for better global warming mitigation.展开更多
Ship operations are crucial to global trade,and their decarbonization is essential to mitigate climate change.This study evaluates the economic viability of existing and emerging decarbonization technologies in mariti...Ship operations are crucial to global trade,and their decarbonization is essential to mitigate climate change.This study evaluates the economic viability of existing and emerging decarbonization technologies in maritime shipping using the levelized cost of energy methodology.It includes a detailed comparative analysis based on essential criteria and sensitivity assessments to highlight the economic impacts of technological advancements.Key factors influencing total costs include fuel costs,carbon pricing,and energy demands for carbon capture.The findings reveal that methanol is more cost-effective than heavy fuel oil(HFO)when priced below 3000 CNY/t,assuming HFO costs 4400 CNY/t.Additionally,methanol with post-combustion carbon capture is less expensive than pre-combustion carbon capture.When carbon prices rise above 480 CNY/t,carbon capture technologies prove more economical than purchasing carbon emission allowances for HFO and liquefied natural gas.Enhanc-ing the use of exhaust gas waste heat is recommended for cost savings.Post-combustion carbon capture also shows greater efficiency,requiring about 1.1 GJ/t less energy than pre-combustion methods,leading to lower overall costs.Future research should focus on market mechanisms to stabilize fuel prices and develop less energy-intensive carbon capture technologies.This study offers critical insights into effective decarbonization strategies for advancing global maritime trade in the present and future.展开更多
Interactions between brain-resident and periph-eral infiltrated immune cells are thought to contribute to neuroplasticity after cerebral ischemia.However,con-ventional bulk sequencing makes it challenging to depict th...Interactions between brain-resident and periph-eral infiltrated immune cells are thought to contribute to neuroplasticity after cerebral ischemia.However,con-ventional bulk sequencing makes it challenging to depict this complex immune network.Using single-cell RNA sequencing,we mapped compositional and transcriptional features of peri-infarct immune cells.Microglia were the predominant cell type in the peri-infarct region,displaying a more diverse activation pattern than the typical pro-and anti-inflammatory state,with axon tract-associated micro-glia(ATMs)being associated with neuronal regeneration.Trajectory inference suggested that infiltrated monocyte-derived macrophages(MDMs)exhibited a gradual fate trajectory transition to activated MDMs.Inter-cellular crosstalk between MDMs and microglia orchestrated anti-inflammatory and repair-promoting microglia phenotypes and promoted post-stroke neurogenesis,with SOX2 and related Akt/CREB signaling as the underlying mechanisms.This description of the brain's immune landscape and its relationship with neurogenesis provides new insight into promoting neural repair by regulating neuroinflammatory responses.展开更多
Specimens of the crane fly genus Helius Lepeletier&Serville,1828 from Sichuan,China are examined and studied.Three Helius species all belonging to the nominotypical subgenus are recognized,of which H.(H.)pallidiss...Specimens of the crane fly genus Helius Lepeletier&Serville,1828 from Sichuan,China are examined and studied.Three Helius species all belonging to the nominotypical subgenus are recognized,of which H.(H.)pallidissimoides Xu,Ma&Zhang,sp.nov.is described and illustrated as new to science,and H.(H.)pallidissimus Alexander,1930 and H.(H.)franckianus Alexander,1940 are redescribed and illustrated.For the first time,descriptions and illustrations are provided for the male of H.(H.)pallidissimus and the female of H.(H.)franckianus.展开更多
It has been found that photospheric magnetic fields can change in accordance with restructuring of the three-dimensional magnetic field following solar eruptions. Previous studies mainly use vector mag- netic field da...It has been found that photospheric magnetic fields can change in accordance with restructuring of the three-dimensional magnetic field following solar eruptions. Previous studies mainly use vector mag- netic field data taken for events near the disk center. In this paper, we analyze the magnetic field evolution associated with the 2012 October 23 X1.8 flare in NOAA AR 11598 that is close to the solar limb, using both the 45 s cadence line-of-sight and 12 min cadence vector magnetograms from the Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager on board Solar Dynamics Observatory. This flare is classified as a circular-ribbon flare with spine-fan type magnetic topology containing a null point. In the line-of-sight magnetograms, there are two apparent polarity inversion lines （PILs）. The PIL closer to the limb is affected more by the projection effect. Between these two PILs there lie positive polarity magnetic fields, which are surrounded by negative polarity fields outside the PILs. We find that after the flare, both the apparent limb-ward and disk-ward negative fluxes decrease, while the positive flux in-between increases. We also find that the horizontal mag- netic fields have a significant increase along the disk-ward PIL, but in the surrounding area, they decrease. Synthesizing the observed field changes, we conclude that the magnetic fields collapse toward the surface above the disk-ward PIL as depicted in the coronal implosion scenario, while the peripheral field turns to a more vertical configuration after the flare. We also suggest that this event is an asymmetric circular-ribbon flare： a flux rope is likely present above the disk-ward PIL. Its eruption causes instability of the entire fan-spine structure and the implosion near that PIL.展开更多
High-entropy materials represent a new category of high-performance materials,first proposed in 2004 and extensively investigated by researchers over the past two decades.The definition of high-entropy materials has c...High-entropy materials represent a new category of high-performance materials,first proposed in 2004 and extensively investigated by researchers over the past two decades.The definition of high-entropy materials has continuously evolved.In the last ten years,the discovery of an increasing number of high-entropy materials has led to significant advancements in their utilization in energy storage,electrocatalysis,and related domains,accompanied by a rise in techniques for fabricating high-entropy electrode materials.Recently,the research emphasis has shifted from solely improving the performance of high-entropy materials toward exploring their reaction mechanisms and adopting cleaner preparation approaches.However,the current definition of high-entropy materials remains relatively vague,and the preparation method of high-entropy materials is based on the preparation method of single metal/low-or medium-entropy materials.It should be noted that not all methods applicable to single metal/low-or medium-entropy materials can be directly applied to high-entropy materials.In this review,the definition and development of high-entropy materials are briefly reviewed.Subsequently,the classification of high-entropy electrode materials is presented,followed by a discussion of their applications in energy storage and catalysis from the perspective of synthesis methods.Finally,an evaluation of the advantages and disadvantages of various synthesis methods in the production process of different high-entropy materials is provided,along with a proposal for potential future development directions for high-entropy materials.展开更多
To promote the growth of cutting seeding of poplar(Populus L.),nitrogen(N)fertilizer and surface weed managements were required.We here conducted a pot experiment to examine the effects of natural vegetation,barnyardg...To promote the growth of cutting seeding of poplar(Populus L.),nitrogen(N)fertilizer and surface weed managements were required.We here conducted a pot experiment to examine the effects of natural vegetation,barnyardgrass(Echinochloa Beauv.),and sesbania(Sesbania cannabina pers.)on the growth of poplar cutting seedlings,soil properties,and ammonia(NH3)volatilization under three N inputs(0,0.5,and 1.5 g/pot,i.e.,N0,N0.5,and N1,respectively).Results showed that N application promoted the growth of poplar cutting seedlings,including plant height,ground diameter,and biomass,compared with N0 treatment.Moreover,under N0,sesbania significantly increased the plant height by 87.1%,barnyardgrass and sesbania significantly increased the ground diameter(16.2%and 51.5%),and biomass(67.4%and 74.7%)of poplar cutting seedlings,compared with natural vegetation management.Compared to natural vegetation,soil organic matter(SOM)of barnyardgrass and sesbania covered soil significantly increased by 12.4%and 18.7%at N1,respectively.In addition,soil total N(TN)content was significantly increased by 15.8%in barnyardgrass planted at N0.The soil ammonium N(NH_(4)^(+)-N)content decreased with the planting of barnyardgrass and sesbania across all levels of N application.At N0.5,the nitrate N(NO_(3)^(−)-N)content of soil planted with barnyardgrass significantly increased compared to both the natural vegetation and the sesbania groups.Compared to the natural vegetation,the soil available phosphorus(AP)content of the barnyardgrass group significantly increasing by 78.8%at N0.5,soil available potassium(AK)content was significantly reduced by 12.5%in the sesbania group at N0 and increased by 24.1%in the barnyardgrass group at N1.We found that cumulative NH3 emissions were significantly higher in all treatment groups at the N1 level than that at the N0.5 level,while the differences among the three plants treated were not significant.The results suggest that both barnyardgrass and sesbania promote seedling growth in the short term,while also increase certain properties.Therefore,effective herb management during the seedling stage is recommended in nurseries to support seedling growth and retain soil fertility.展开更多
Radioactive microspheres have demonstrated excellent therapeutic effects and good tolerance in the treatment of unresectable primary and secondary liver malignancies.This is attributed to precise embolization and pote...Radioactive microspheres have demonstrated excellent therapeutic effects and good tolerance in the treatment of unresectable primary and secondary liver malignancies.This is attributed to precise embolization and potent anti-tumor effect.However,certain limitations such as unstable loading,perfusion stasis,heterogeneous distribution,ectopic distribution,and insufficient dosage,restrict their clinical application.Herein,a novel personalized Y-90 carbon microsphere with high uniformity,high specific activity and high availability(^(90)Y-HUACM)is presented.It is synthesized through planar molecular complex adsorption and chemical deposition solidification.^(90)Y-HUACM exhibited controllable size,excellent biocompatibility,outstanding in vitro and in vivo stability.The radiolabeling efficiency of Y-90 exceeded 99%and the leaching rate of Y-90 is far below 0.1%.Furthermore,the excellent anti-tumor effect,nuclide loading stability,anti-reflux characteristics,precise embolization,and biosafety of^(90)Y-HUACM were validated in a rabbit VX2liver tumor model.In summary,this new,high-performance,and customizable radioactive microsphere provides a superior choice for selective internal radiation treatment of advanced liver cancer is expected to be rapidly applied in clinical practice.展开更多
Diabetic corneal neuropathy and diabetic retinopathy are ocular complications occurring in the context of diabetes mellitus.Diabetic corneal neuropathy refers to the progressive damage of corneal nerves.Diabetic retin...Diabetic corneal neuropathy and diabetic retinopathy are ocular complications occurring in the context of diabetes mellitus.Diabetic corneal neuropathy refers to the progressive damage of corneal nerves.Diabetic retinopathy has traditionally been considered as damage to the retinal microvasculature.However,growing evidence suggests that diabetic retinopathy is a complex neurovascular disorder resulting from dysfunction of the neurovascular unit,which includes both the retinal vascular structures and neural tissues.Diabetic retinopathy is one of the leading causes of blindness and is frequently screened for as part of diabetic ocular screening.However,diabetic corneal neuropathy is commonly overlooked and underdiagnosed,leading to severe ocular surface impairment.Several studies have found that these two conditions tend to occur together,and they share similarities in their pathogenesis pathways,being triggered by a status of chronic hyperglycemia.This review aims to discuss the interconnection between diabetic corneal neuropathy and diabetic retinopathy,whether diabetic corneal neuropathy precedes diabetic retinopathy,as well as the relation between the stage of diabetic retinopathy and the severity of corneal neuropathy.We also endeavor to explore the relevance of a corneal screening in diabetic eyes and the possibility of using corneal nerve measurements to monitor the progression of diabetic retinopathy.展开更多
The high price and toxicity of ionic liquids(ILs) have limited the design and application of supported ionic liquid membranes(SILMs) for CO_2 separation in both academic and industrial fields. In this work, [Choline][...The high price and toxicity of ionic liquids(ILs) have limited the design and application of supported ionic liquid membranes(SILMs) for CO_2 separation in both academic and industrial fields. In this work, [Choline][Pro]/polyethylene glycol 200(PEG200) mixtures were selected to prepare novel SILMs because of their green and costeffective characterization, and the CO_2/N_2 separation with the prepared SILMs was investigated experimentally at temperatures from 308.15 to 343.15 K. The temperature effect on the permeability, solubility and diffusivity of CO_2 was modeled with the Arrhenius equation. A competitive performance of the prepared SILMs was observed with high CO_2 permeability ranged in 343.3–1798.6 barrer and high CO_2/N_2 selectivity from 7.9 to 34.8.It was also found that the CO_2 permeability increased 3 times by decreasing the viscosity of liquids from 370 to38 m Pa·s. In addition, the inherent mechanism behind the significant permeability enhancement was revealed based on the diffusion-reaction theory, i.e. with the addition of PEG200, the overall resistance was substantially decreased and the SILMs process was switched from diffusion-control to reaction-control.展开更多
基金supported by the Science and Technology Innovation 2030 Major Project(2023ZD0508506)National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFC2305104).
文摘Climate change poses a significant threat to global health.It exacerbates existing health challenges and generates new ones.Therefore,innovative solutions to mitigate and adapt to its adverse effects are urgently required.This article explores the potential of digital health technologies to address the challenge posed by climate change-related health issues.It discusses their dual functionality of diminishing the carbon footprint of healthcare services and increasing understanding and governance of climate-sensitive diseases.Notably,with advanced technologies such as Generative medical AI(GMAI)presenting environmental concerns like substantial energy consumption during data processing and the generation of electronic waste,it is essential to underscore the significance of their responsible development and implementation of these technologies.This will ensure that the benefits of digital health technologies can be maximized while minimizing their ecological drawbacks.This study,therefore propose,a framework for leveraging digital health technologies to support climate change adaptation,including disease surveillance,telemedicine,patient support systems,and public awareness campaigns.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province[grant number BK20220031]the National Natural Science Foundation of China[grant number 42007195].
文摘Renewable energy,especially solar power,is vital for mitigating global warming,while climate change also impacts solar photovoltaic potential(PVpot).This study analyzes historical(1985–2014)and future(2015–2100)climate effects on PVpot,and quantifies contributions from changed radiation,temperature,and wind speed.Historically,global PVpot increased by 0.42‰,with notable rises in eastern China(+7.1‰)and southern Europe(+3.5‰).By the end of the century,increased radiation-induced PVpot(+1.27‰)offsets temperatureinduced PVpot loss(−0.54‰)under SSP1-2.6,yielding a net PVpot increase(+0.74‰).Under SSP2-4.5,the temperature-induced PVpot decline(−1.50‰)drives the final PVpot reduction(−1.15‰).Under SSP3-7.0 and SSP5-8.5,combined radiation-induced(−1.94‰and−1.99‰)and temperature-induced PVpot changes(−2.67‰and−3.41‰)result in significant PVpot declines(−4.57‰and−5.31‰).Regional analysis reveals that eastern China(+0.7‰to+8.6‰),southern Europe(+0.3‰to+2.5‰),and Northwest South America(+0.6‰to+2.1‰)retain positive changes in future PVpot across all climate scenarios,which may be due to reduced aerosols and cloud cover,suggesting these areas can remain suitable for photovoltaic installations despite climate changes.In contrast,temperature-driven PVpot declines over the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau(−9.1‰to−4.3‰)and northern Africa(−9.3‰to−4.9‰)under future high-emission scenarios indicate that these historically advantageous regions will become less suitable for solar energy deployment.The findings underscore that climate changes driven by sustainable development pathways will generate more PVpot in the future for better global warming mitigation.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2022YFC3701500)the Key R&D Plan Projects of Zhejiang Province(No.2024SSYS0072)Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation(No.LDT23E0601).
文摘Ship operations are crucial to global trade,and their decarbonization is essential to mitigate climate change.This study evaluates the economic viability of existing and emerging decarbonization technologies in maritime shipping using the levelized cost of energy methodology.It includes a detailed comparative analysis based on essential criteria and sensitivity assessments to highlight the economic impacts of technological advancements.Key factors influencing total costs include fuel costs,carbon pricing,and energy demands for carbon capture.The findings reveal that methanol is more cost-effective than heavy fuel oil(HFO)when priced below 3000 CNY/t,assuming HFO costs 4400 CNY/t.Additionally,methanol with post-combustion carbon capture is less expensive than pre-combustion carbon capture.When carbon prices rise above 480 CNY/t,carbon capture technologies prove more economical than purchasing carbon emission allowances for HFO and liquefied natural gas.Enhanc-ing the use of exhaust gas waste heat is recommended for cost savings.Post-combustion carbon capture also shows greater efficiency,requiring about 1.1 GJ/t less energy than pre-combustion methods,leading to lower overall costs.Future research should focus on market mechanisms to stabilize fuel prices and develop less energy-intensive carbon capture technologies.This study offers critical insights into effective decarbonization strategies for advancing global maritime trade in the present and future.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82071467)the International(Regional)Cooperation and Exchange Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82111330075)+3 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation for Youth Scholars of China(81801053)the Innovation Team Support Plan of Universities in Liaoning Province(LT2019015)the Liaoning Provincial Key Research and Development Guidance Program(2019JH8/10300002)the Liaoning Revitalization Talents Plan(XLYC1802097).
文摘Interactions between brain-resident and periph-eral infiltrated immune cells are thought to contribute to neuroplasticity after cerebral ischemia.However,con-ventional bulk sequencing makes it challenging to depict this complex immune network.Using single-cell RNA sequencing,we mapped compositional and transcriptional features of peri-infarct immune cells.Microglia were the predominant cell type in the peri-infarct region,displaying a more diverse activation pattern than the typical pro-and anti-inflammatory state,with axon tract-associated micro-glia(ATMs)being associated with neuronal regeneration.Trajectory inference suggested that infiltrated monocyte-derived macrophages(MDMs)exhibited a gradual fate trajectory transition to activated MDMs.Inter-cellular crosstalk between MDMs and microglia orchestrated anti-inflammatory and repair-promoting microglia phenotypes and promoted post-stroke neurogenesis,with SOX2 and related Akt/CREB signaling as the underlying mechanisms.This description of the brain's immune landscape and its relationship with neurogenesis provides new insight into promoting neural repair by regulating neuroinflammatory responses.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (32100356)the National Animal Collection Resource Center,China
文摘Specimens of the crane fly genus Helius Lepeletier&Serville,1828 from Sichuan,China are examined and studied.Three Helius species all belonging to the nominotypical subgenus are recognized,of which H.(H.)pallidissimoides Xu,Ma&Zhang,sp.nov.is described and illustrated as new to science,and H.(H.)pallidissimus Alexander,1930 and H.(H.)franckianus Alexander,1940 are redescribed and illustrated.For the first time,descriptions and illustrations are provided for the male of H.(H.)pallidissimus and the female of H.(H.)franckianus.
基金supported by US NSF under grants AGS 1348513 and 1408703
文摘It has been found that photospheric magnetic fields can change in accordance with restructuring of the three-dimensional magnetic field following solar eruptions. Previous studies mainly use vector mag- netic field data taken for events near the disk center. In this paper, we analyze the magnetic field evolution associated with the 2012 October 23 X1.8 flare in NOAA AR 11598 that is close to the solar limb, using both the 45 s cadence line-of-sight and 12 min cadence vector magnetograms from the Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager on board Solar Dynamics Observatory. This flare is classified as a circular-ribbon flare with spine-fan type magnetic topology containing a null point. In the line-of-sight magnetograms, there are two apparent polarity inversion lines （PILs）. The PIL closer to the limb is affected more by the projection effect. Between these two PILs there lie positive polarity magnetic fields, which are surrounded by negative polarity fields outside the PILs. We find that after the flare, both the apparent limb-ward and disk-ward negative fluxes decrease, while the positive flux in-between increases. We also find that the horizontal mag- netic fields have a significant increase along the disk-ward PIL, but in the surrounding area, they decrease. Synthesizing the observed field changes, we conclude that the magnetic fields collapse toward the surface above the disk-ward PIL as depicted in the coronal implosion scenario, while the peripheral field turns to a more vertical configuration after the flare. We also suggest that this event is an asymmetric circular-ribbon flare： a flux rope is likely present above the disk-ward PIL. Its eruption causes instability of the entire fan-spine structure and the implosion near that PIL.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22378431,52004338,51622406,21673298)Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation(2023JJ40210,2022JJ20075)+3 种基金the Science and Technology Innovation Program of Hunan Province(2023RC3259)the Key R&D plan of Hunan Province(2024JK2096)Scientifc Research Fund of Hunan Provincial Education Department(23B0699)Central South University Innovation-Driven Research Programme(2023CXQD008).
文摘High-entropy materials represent a new category of high-performance materials,first proposed in 2004 and extensively investigated by researchers over the past two decades.The definition of high-entropy materials has continuously evolved.In the last ten years,the discovery of an increasing number of high-entropy materials has led to significant advancements in their utilization in energy storage,electrocatalysis,and related domains,accompanied by a rise in techniques for fabricating high-entropy electrode materials.Recently,the research emphasis has shifted from solely improving the performance of high-entropy materials toward exploring their reaction mechanisms and adopting cleaner preparation approaches.However,the current definition of high-entropy materials remains relatively vague,and the preparation method of high-entropy materials is based on the preparation method of single metal/low-or medium-entropy materials.It should be noted that not all methods applicable to single metal/low-or medium-entropy materials can be directly applied to high-entropy materials.In this review,the definition and development of high-entropy materials are briefly reviewed.Subsequently,the classification of high-entropy electrode materials is presented,followed by a discussion of their applications in energy storage and catalysis from the perspective of synthesis methods.Finally,an evaluation of the advantages and disadvantages of various synthesis methods in the production process of different high-entropy materials is provided,along with a proposal for potential future development directions for high-entropy materials.
基金funded by the Science and Technology Innovation Programof Jiangsu Province,China for“Carbon Dioxide Emission Peaking and Carbon Neutrality”(BE2022307).
文摘To promote the growth of cutting seeding of poplar(Populus L.),nitrogen(N)fertilizer and surface weed managements were required.We here conducted a pot experiment to examine the effects of natural vegetation,barnyardgrass(Echinochloa Beauv.),and sesbania(Sesbania cannabina pers.)on the growth of poplar cutting seedlings,soil properties,and ammonia(NH3)volatilization under three N inputs(0,0.5,and 1.5 g/pot,i.e.,N0,N0.5,and N1,respectively).Results showed that N application promoted the growth of poplar cutting seedlings,including plant height,ground diameter,and biomass,compared with N0 treatment.Moreover,under N0,sesbania significantly increased the plant height by 87.1%,barnyardgrass and sesbania significantly increased the ground diameter(16.2%and 51.5%),and biomass(67.4%and 74.7%)of poplar cutting seedlings,compared with natural vegetation management.Compared to natural vegetation,soil organic matter(SOM)of barnyardgrass and sesbania covered soil significantly increased by 12.4%and 18.7%at N1,respectively.In addition,soil total N(TN)content was significantly increased by 15.8%in barnyardgrass planted at N0.The soil ammonium N(NH_(4)^(+)-N)content decreased with the planting of barnyardgrass and sesbania across all levels of N application.At N0.5,the nitrate N(NO_(3)^(−)-N)content of soil planted with barnyardgrass significantly increased compared to both the natural vegetation and the sesbania groups.Compared to the natural vegetation,the soil available phosphorus(AP)content of the barnyardgrass group significantly increasing by 78.8%at N0.5,soil available potassium(AK)content was significantly reduced by 12.5%in the sesbania group at N0 and increased by 24.1%in the barnyardgrass group at N1.We found that cumulative NH3 emissions were significantly higher in all treatment groups at the N1 level than that at the N0.5 level,while the differences among the three plants treated were not significant.The results suggest that both barnyardgrass and sesbania promote seedling growth in the short term,while also increase certain properties.Therefore,effective herb management during the seedling stage is recommended in nurseries to support seedling growth and retain soil fertility.
基金supported by the National Major Scientific and Technological Special Project for“Significant New Drugs Development”(No.2018ZX09201018–028)the nuclear energy development projects of China during the 13thFive Year Plan periodthe key research and development project of the Sichuan Provincial Department of Science and Technology(No.18ZDYF1466)。
文摘Radioactive microspheres have demonstrated excellent therapeutic effects and good tolerance in the treatment of unresectable primary and secondary liver malignancies.This is attributed to precise embolization and potent anti-tumor effect.However,certain limitations such as unstable loading,perfusion stasis,heterogeneous distribution,ectopic distribution,and insufficient dosage,restrict their clinical application.Herein,a novel personalized Y-90 carbon microsphere with high uniformity,high specific activity and high availability(^(90)Y-HUACM)is presented.It is synthesized through planar molecular complex adsorption and chemical deposition solidification.^(90)Y-HUACM exhibited controllable size,excellent biocompatibility,outstanding in vitro and in vivo stability.The radiolabeling efficiency of Y-90 exceeded 99%and the leaching rate of Y-90 is far below 0.1%.Furthermore,the excellent anti-tumor effect,nuclide loading stability,anti-reflux characteristics,precise embolization,and biosafety of^(90)Y-HUACM were validated in a rabbit VX2liver tumor model.In summary,this new,high-performance,and customizable radioactive microsphere provides a superior choice for selective internal radiation treatment of advanced liver cancer is expected to be rapidly applied in clinical practice.
文摘Diabetic corneal neuropathy and diabetic retinopathy are ocular complications occurring in the context of diabetes mellitus.Diabetic corneal neuropathy refers to the progressive damage of corneal nerves.Diabetic retinopathy has traditionally been considered as damage to the retinal microvasculature.However,growing evidence suggests that diabetic retinopathy is a complex neurovascular disorder resulting from dysfunction of the neurovascular unit,which includes both the retinal vascular structures and neural tissues.Diabetic retinopathy is one of the leading causes of blindness and is frequently screened for as part of diabetic ocular screening.However,diabetic corneal neuropathy is commonly overlooked and underdiagnosed,leading to severe ocular surface impairment.Several studies have found that these two conditions tend to occur together,and they share similarities in their pathogenesis pathways,being triggered by a status of chronic hyperglycemia.This review aims to discuss the interconnection between diabetic corneal neuropathy and diabetic retinopathy,whether diabetic corneal neuropathy precedes diabetic retinopathy,as well as the relation between the stage of diabetic retinopathy and the severity of corneal neuropathy.We also endeavor to explore the relevance of a corneal screening in diabetic eyes and the possibility of using corneal nerve measurements to monitor the progression of diabetic retinopathy.
基金Supported by the National Basic Research Program of China(2013CB733501)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21136004,21176112,21476106,and21428601)+1 种基金Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education(No.20133221110001)the Project of Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions(PAPD)
文摘The high price and toxicity of ionic liquids(ILs) have limited the design and application of supported ionic liquid membranes(SILMs) for CO_2 separation in both academic and industrial fields. In this work, [Choline][Pro]/polyethylene glycol 200(PEG200) mixtures were selected to prepare novel SILMs because of their green and costeffective characterization, and the CO_2/N_2 separation with the prepared SILMs was investigated experimentally at temperatures from 308.15 to 343.15 K. The temperature effect on the permeability, solubility and diffusivity of CO_2 was modeled with the Arrhenius equation. A competitive performance of the prepared SILMs was observed with high CO_2 permeability ranged in 343.3–1798.6 barrer and high CO_2/N_2 selectivity from 7.9 to 34.8.It was also found that the CO_2 permeability increased 3 times by decreasing the viscosity of liquids from 370 to38 m Pa·s. In addition, the inherent mechanism behind the significant permeability enhancement was revealed based on the diffusion-reaction theory, i.e. with the addition of PEG200, the overall resistance was substantially decreased and the SILMs process was switched from diffusion-control to reaction-control.
