Pulmonary fibrosis significantly contributes to the pathogenesis of acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS),markedly increasing patient mortality.Despite the established anti-fibrotic effects of mesenchymal stem cel...Pulmonary fibrosis significantly contributes to the pathogenesis of acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS),markedly increasing patient mortality.Despite the established anti-fibrotic effects of mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs),numerous challenges hinder their clinical application.A recent study demon-strated that microvesicles(MVs)from MSCs(MSC-MVs)could attenuate ARDS-related pulmonary fibrosis and enhance lung function via hepatocyte growth factor mRNA transcription.This discovery presents a promising strategy for managing ARDS-associated pulmonary fibrosis.This article initially examines the safety and efficacy of MSCs from both basic science and clinical perspectives,subsequently exploring the potential and obstacles of employing MSC-MVs as a novel therapeutic approach.Additionally,it provides perspectives on future research into the application of MSC-MVs in ARDS-associated pulmonary fi-brosis.展开更多
Titanium dioxide nanoparticles modified with neodymium in the range of 1 mol% to 5 mol% were prepared with template-free sol-gel method.The structures of obtained samples were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction...Titanium dioxide nanoparticles modified with neodymium in the range of 1 mol% to 5 mol% were prepared with template-free sol-gel method.The structures of obtained samples were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction analysis.X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy,scanning electron microscopy,transmission electron microscopy and diffuse reflectance spectroscopy.The photocatalytic activity of the obtained samples was evaluated by photodegradation of methyl orange in aqueous solution under ultraviolet-visible(λ> 350 nm) and visible(λ> 420 nm) irradiation.The experimental results show that the 1 mol% Nd-doped TiO2 exhibits the highest photocatalytic activity,of which the degradation can reach to 96.5% under visible irradiation.According to the XRD results,the pristine samples are combined with anatase TiO2 and rutile TiO2.while the Nd-doped TiO2 samples are anatase TiO2 only.This transformation has made an obvious promotion of photocatalyst activity after modification.展开更多
Surface-enhanced Raman scattering(SERS)spectroscopy has emerged as a powerful analytical technique for detecting and identifying trace chemical and biological molecules.In this review,we present an indepth discussion ...Surface-enhanced Raman scattering(SERS)spectroscopy has emerged as a powerful analytical technique for detecting and identifying trace chemical and biological molecules.In this review,we present an indepth discussion of recent advances in the field of crystal phase manipulation to achieve exceptional SERS performance.Focusing on transition metal dichalcogenides,(hydr)oxides,and carbides as exemplary materials,we illustrate the pivotal role of crystal phase regulation in enhancing SERS signals.By exploring the correlation between crystal phases and SERS responses,we uncover the underlying principles behind these strategies,thereby shedding light on their potential for future SERS applications.By addressing the current challenges and limitations,we also propose the prospects of the crystal phase strategy to facilitate the development of cutting-edge SERS-based sensing technologies.展开更多
The demand for oil casing steel with ultra-high strength and excellent impact toughness for safe application in ultra-deep wells is pressing.In improving the combination of strength,ductility,and impact toughness,the ...The demand for oil casing steel with ultra-high strength and excellent impact toughness for safe application in ultra-deep wells is pressing.In improving the combination of strength,ductility,and impact toughness,the designed Cr-Mo-V micro-alloyed oil casing steel was quenched at 800,900,and 1000℃,followed by tempering at 600,680,and 760℃,respectively,to obtain distinct microstruc-tures.The results showed that the microstructure of the samples quenched at 800℃ followed by tempering comprised untransformed ferrite and large undissolved carbides,which considerably deteriorated tensile strength and impact toughness.For other conditions,the nuc-leated carbides and the boundaries are key factors that balance the tensile strength from 1226 to 971 MPa and the impact toughness from 65 to 236 J.From the perspective of carbide,optimal precipitation strengthening is achieved with a smaller carbide size obtained by a low tempering temperature of 600℃,while larger-sized carbides would remarkably soften the matrix to improve the toughness but deteriorate the tensile strength.Additionally,an increase in prior austenite grain size with the corresponding enlarged sub-boundaries obtained by high quenching temperatures substantially diminishes grain refinement strengthening,dislocation strengthening,and the energy absorbed in the crack propagation process,which is unfavorable to strength and toughness.展开更多
Inspired by the safe landing of cats falling from high altitudes,a bionic flexible rubber bushing structure is proposed and its motion characteristics are systematically studied to explore its potential application in...Inspired by the safe landing of cats falling from high altitudes,a bionic flexible rubber bushing structure is proposed and its motion characteristics are systematically studied to explore its potential application in the suppression of vibration.The convex hull structure on the bushing surface is abstracted from the cat’s claw pad,and the hyper-viscoelastic model is selected as the constitutive model of the rubber material.In addition,the design with the best vibration damping effect is finally obtained by reasonably adjusting the amount of radial compression and distribution of bionic structures.Finally,under the same conditions,the test results of the dynamic characteristics of the bushing verify the accuracy of the simulation results.Research results show that the convex hull bionic structure designed in this paper can effectively change the motion characteristics of the rubber bushing under various working conditions,which provides new inspiration or potential possibility for the design of rubber bushing in the future.展开更多
Optical phase modulators are critical components in integrated photonics,but conventional designs suffer from a trade-off between modulation efficiency and optical loss.Two-dimensional materials like graphene offer st...Optical phase modulators are critical components in integrated photonics,but conventional designs suffer from a trade-off between modulation efficiency and optical loss.Two-dimensional materials like graphene offer strong electro-optic effects,yet their high optical absorption at telecom wavelengths leads to significant insertion losses.Although monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides(TMDs)provide exceptional telecom-band transparency for lowloss electro-refractive response,their practical implementation in phase modulators requires top electrodes to enable vertical electric field tuning,which typically introduces parasitic absorption.Here,we address this challenge by developing hybrid tungsten oxyselenide/graphene(TOS/Gr)electrodes that minimize optical loss while enabling efficient phase modulation in TMD-based devices.The UV-ozone-converted TOS(from WSe2)acts as a heavy p-type dopant for graphene,making the graphene transparent in the NIR region while enhancing its conductivity.Our complete device integrates a hybrid TOS/graphene transparent electrode with a hexagonal boron nitride dielectric spacer and monolayer WS_(2)electro-optic material on a SiN microring platform.This achieves a high modulation efficiency of 0.202 V·cm while maintaining an exceptionally low extinction ratio change of just 0.08 dB,demonstrating superior performance compared to modulators employing conventional electrodes.Our breakthrough in near-lossless phase modulation opens new possibilities for energy-efficient optical communications,photonic computing,and fault-tolerant quantum networks.展开更多
Holographic projection technology can provide a more intuitive and efficient visualization effect for a digital twin bridge construction scene.However,pre-rendering methods in the existing research work are usually us...Holographic projection technology can provide a more intuitive and efficient visualization effect for a digital twin bridge construction scene.However,pre-rendering methods in the existing research work are usually used to implement holographic visualization,which is static display.The above-mentioned methods for static display have many shortcomings,such as poor adaptability,low rendering efficiency and lack of real-time.A dynamic holographic modelling approach is proposed for the augmented visualization of digital twin scenes for bridge construction.Firstly,a dynamic segmentation algorithm with adaptive screen size was designed to high-efficiently generate holographic scenes.Secondly,a motion blur control method was designed to improve the rendering efficiency of holographic scenes according to human visual characteristics.Finally,a prototype system was developed,and the corresponding experimental analysis was completed.The experimental results show that the method proposed in this article can support adaptive screen size image segmentation and real-time generation of holographic scenes for bridge construction.The amount of scene data can be reduced to more than 30%,which significantly improves rendering efficiency and reduces glare.展开更多
The sluggish kinetics in multistep sulfur redox reaction with different energy requirements for each step,is considered as the crucial handicap of lithium–sulfur(Li–S)batteries.Designing an electron reservoir,which ...The sluggish kinetics in multistep sulfur redox reaction with different energy requirements for each step,is considered as the crucial handicap of lithium–sulfur(Li–S)batteries.Designing an electron reservoir,which can dynamically release electron to/accept electron from sulfur species during dis-charge/charge,is the ideal strategy for realizing stepwise and dual-directional polysulfide electrocatalysis.Herein,a single Tb^(3+/4+)oxide with moderate unfilled f orbital is synthetized as an electron reservoir to optimize polysulfide adsorption via Tb–S and N…Li bonds,reduce activation energy barrier,expe-dite electron/Li+transport,and selectively catalyze both long-chain and short-chain polysulfide conversions during charge and discharge.As a result,Tb electron reservoir enables stable operation of low-capacity decay(0.087%over 500 cycles at 1 C),high sulfur loading(5.2 mg cm^(2))and electrolyte-starved(7.5μL mg^(-1))Li–S batteries.This work could unlock the potential of f orbital engineering for high-energy battery systems.展开更多
文摘Pulmonary fibrosis significantly contributes to the pathogenesis of acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS),markedly increasing patient mortality.Despite the established anti-fibrotic effects of mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs),numerous challenges hinder their clinical application.A recent study demon-strated that microvesicles(MVs)from MSCs(MSC-MVs)could attenuate ARDS-related pulmonary fibrosis and enhance lung function via hepatocyte growth factor mRNA transcription.This discovery presents a promising strategy for managing ARDS-associated pulmonary fibrosis.This article initially examines the safety and efficacy of MSCs from both basic science and clinical perspectives,subsequently exploring the potential and obstacles of employing MSC-MVs as a novel therapeutic approach.Additionally,it provides perspectives on future research into the application of MSC-MVs in ARDS-associated pulmonary fi-brosis.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51275203)Key Scientific and Technological Project of Jilin Province(20140204052GX,20180201074GX)+2 种基金China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2017M611321)Project of Education Department of Jilin Province(JJKH20180130KJ)Open Project of State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry,College of Chemistry,Jilin University(2019-8).
文摘Titanium dioxide nanoparticles modified with neodymium in the range of 1 mol% to 5 mol% were prepared with template-free sol-gel method.The structures of obtained samples were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction analysis.X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy,scanning electron microscopy,transmission electron microscopy and diffuse reflectance spectroscopy.The photocatalytic activity of the obtained samples was evaluated by photodegradation of methyl orange in aqueous solution under ultraviolet-visible(λ> 350 nm) and visible(λ> 420 nm) irradiation.The experimental results show that the 1 mol% Nd-doped TiO2 exhibits the highest photocatalytic activity,of which the degradation can reach to 96.5% under visible irradiation.According to the XRD results,the pristine samples are combined with anatase TiO2 and rutile TiO2.while the Nd-doped TiO2 samples are anatase TiO2 only.This transformation has made an obvious promotion of photocatalyst activity after modification.
基金financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21871065 and 22071038)Heilongjiang Touyan Team(No.HITTY-20190033)Interdisciplinary Research Foundation of HIT(No.IR2021205)。
文摘Surface-enhanced Raman scattering(SERS)spectroscopy has emerged as a powerful analytical technique for detecting and identifying trace chemical and biological molecules.In this review,we present an indepth discussion of recent advances in the field of crystal phase manipulation to achieve exceptional SERS performance.Focusing on transition metal dichalcogenides,(hydr)oxides,and carbides as exemplary materials,we illustrate the pivotal role of crystal phase regulation in enhancing SERS signals.By exploring the correlation between crystal phases and SERS responses,we uncover the underlying principles behind these strategies,thereby shedding light on their potential for future SERS applications.By addressing the current challenges and limitations,we also propose the prospects of the crystal phase strategy to facilitate the development of cutting-edge SERS-based sensing technologies.
基金supported from the National Nat-ural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52274342 and 52130408)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of Central South University,China(No.1053320213826).
文摘The demand for oil casing steel with ultra-high strength and excellent impact toughness for safe application in ultra-deep wells is pressing.In improving the combination of strength,ductility,and impact toughness,the designed Cr-Mo-V micro-alloyed oil casing steel was quenched at 800,900,and 1000℃,followed by tempering at 600,680,and 760℃,respectively,to obtain distinct microstruc-tures.The results showed that the microstructure of the samples quenched at 800℃ followed by tempering comprised untransformed ferrite and large undissolved carbides,which considerably deteriorated tensile strength and impact toughness.For other conditions,the nuc-leated carbides and the boundaries are key factors that balance the tensile strength from 1226 to 971 MPa and the impact toughness from 65 to 236 J.From the perspective of carbide,optimal precipitation strengthening is achieved with a smaller carbide size obtained by a low tempering temperature of 600℃,while larger-sized carbides would remarkably soften the matrix to improve the toughness but deteriorate the tensile strength.Additionally,an increase in prior austenite grain size with the corresponding enlarged sub-boundaries obtained by high quenching temperatures substantially diminishes grain refinement strengthening,dislocation strengthening,and the energy absorbed in the crack propagation process,which is unfavorable to strength and toughness.
基金The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial supports from the Jilin Provincial Scientific and Technological Department(20220201123GX).
文摘Inspired by the safe landing of cats falling from high altitudes,a bionic flexible rubber bushing structure is proposed and its motion characteristics are systematically studied to explore its potential application in the suppression of vibration.The convex hull structure on the bushing surface is abstracted from the cat’s claw pad,and the hyper-viscoelastic model is selected as the constitutive model of the rubber material.In addition,the design with the best vibration damping effect is finally obtained by reasonably adjusting the amount of radial compression and distribution of bionic structures.Finally,under the same conditions,the test results of the dynamic characteristics of the bushing verify the accuracy of the simulation results.Research results show that the convex hull bionic structure designed in this paper can effectively change the motion characteristics of the rubber bushing under various working conditions,which provides new inspiration or potential possibility for the design of rubber bushing in the future.
文摘Optical phase modulators are critical components in integrated photonics,but conventional designs suffer from a trade-off between modulation efficiency and optical loss.Two-dimensional materials like graphene offer strong electro-optic effects,yet their high optical absorption at telecom wavelengths leads to significant insertion losses.Although monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides(TMDs)provide exceptional telecom-band transparency for lowloss electro-refractive response,their practical implementation in phase modulators requires top electrodes to enable vertical electric field tuning,which typically introduces parasitic absorption.Here,we address this challenge by developing hybrid tungsten oxyselenide/graphene(TOS/Gr)electrodes that minimize optical loss while enabling efficient phase modulation in TMD-based devices.The UV-ozone-converted TOS(from WSe2)acts as a heavy p-type dopant for graphene,making the graphene transparent in the NIR region while enhancing its conductivity.Our complete device integrates a hybrid TOS/graphene transparent electrode with a hexagonal boron nitride dielectric spacer and monolayer WS_(2)electro-optic material on a SiN microring platform.This achieves a high modulation efficiency of 0.202 V·cm while maintaining an exceptionally low extinction ratio change of just 0.08 dB,demonstrating superior performance compared to modulators employing conventional electrodes.Our breakthrough in near-lossless phase modulation opens new possibilities for energy-efficient optical communications,photonic computing,and fault-tolerant quantum networks.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China:[Grant Number U2034202,42271424,42201446]Chengdu Science and Technology Program(Grant No.2021XT00001GX).
文摘Holographic projection technology can provide a more intuitive and efficient visualization effect for a digital twin bridge construction scene.However,pre-rendering methods in the existing research work are usually used to implement holographic visualization,which is static display.The above-mentioned methods for static display have many shortcomings,such as poor adaptability,low rendering efficiency and lack of real-time.A dynamic holographic modelling approach is proposed for the augmented visualization of digital twin scenes for bridge construction.Firstly,a dynamic segmentation algorithm with adaptive screen size was designed to high-efficiently generate holographic scenes.Secondly,a motion blur control method was designed to improve the rendering efficiency of holographic scenes according to human visual characteristics.Finally,a prototype system was developed,and the corresponding experimental analysis was completed.The experimental results show that the method proposed in this article can support adaptive screen size image segmentation and real-time generation of holographic scenes for bridge construction.The amount of scene data can be reduced to more than 30%,which significantly improves rendering efficiency and reduces glare.
基金This research was funded in part by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.22109119,51972238 and U21A2081)Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province(Grant Nos.LQ19B030006 and LQ22B030003)+1 种基金Major Scientific and Technological Inno-vation Project of Wenzhou City(Grant No.ZG2021013)Postgraduate Innovation Foundation of Wenzhou Uni-versity(Grant No.316202102051).
文摘The sluggish kinetics in multistep sulfur redox reaction with different energy requirements for each step,is considered as the crucial handicap of lithium–sulfur(Li–S)batteries.Designing an electron reservoir,which can dynamically release electron to/accept electron from sulfur species during dis-charge/charge,is the ideal strategy for realizing stepwise and dual-directional polysulfide electrocatalysis.Herein,a single Tb^(3+/4+)oxide with moderate unfilled f orbital is synthetized as an electron reservoir to optimize polysulfide adsorption via Tb–S and N…Li bonds,reduce activation energy barrier,expe-dite electron/Li+transport,and selectively catalyze both long-chain and short-chain polysulfide conversions during charge and discharge.As a result,Tb electron reservoir enables stable operation of low-capacity decay(0.087%over 500 cycles at 1 C),high sulfur loading(5.2 mg cm^(2))and electrolyte-starved(7.5μL mg^(-1))Li–S batteries.This work could unlock the potential of f orbital engineering for high-energy battery systems.
