Objective This study aimed to assess the protective value of adiponectin(APN)in pancreatic islet injury induced by chronic intermittent hypoxia(CIH).Methods Sixty rats were randomly divided into three groups:normal co...Objective This study aimed to assess the protective value of adiponectin(APN)in pancreatic islet injury induced by chronic intermittent hypoxia(CIH).Methods Sixty rats were randomly divided into three groups:normal control(NC)group,CIH group,and CIH with APN supplement(CIH+APN)group.After 5 weeks of CIH exposure,we conducted oral glucose tolerance tests(OGTT)and insulin released test(IRT),examined and compared the adenosine triphosphate(ATP)levels,mitochondrial membrane potential(MMP)levels,reactive oxygen species(ROS)levels,enzymes gene expression levels of Ant1,Cs,Hmox1,and Cox4 i1 which represented mitochondrial tricarboxylic acid cycle function,the protein and gene expression levels of DRP1,FIS1,MFN1,and OPA1 which represented mitochondrial fusion and division,and the protein expression levels of BAX,BCL-2,cleaved Caspase-3,and cleaved PARP which represented mitochondrial associated apoptosis pathway of pancreatic islet.Results OGTT and IRT showed blood glucose and insulin levels had no differences among the NC,CIH and CIH+APN groups(both P>0.05)at 0 min,20 min,30 min,60 min,120 min.However,we found that compared to NC group,CIH increased the ROS level,reduced ATP level and MMP level.The islets of CIH exposed rats showed reduced gene expression levels of Ant1,Cs,Hmox1,and Cox4 i1,decreased protein and gene expression levels of MFN1 and OPA1,increased protein and gene expression levels of DRP1 and FIS1,increased protein expression levels of cleaved Caspase-3 and cleaved PARP,with lower ratio of BCL-2/BAX at protein expression level.All the differences among three groups were statistically significant.APN treated CIH rats showed mitigated changes in the above measurements associated with islet injuries.Conclusion APN may ameliorate the pancreatic islet injury induced by CIH via inhibiting the imbalance in mitochondrial fusion and division.展开更多
MicroRNAs(miRNAs)have been demonstrated to control chicken skeletal muscle growth,however,the potential function of the miR-181-5p family in chicken myogenesis remains largely unknown.Here,our study identified the two...MicroRNAs(miRNAs)have been demonstrated to control chicken skeletal muscle growth,however,the potential function of the miR-181-5p family in chicken myogenesis remains largely unknown.Here,our study identified the two chicken(Gallus gallus;Gga)miR-181-5p family members widely expressed in various tissues,specifically miR-181a-5p and miR-181b-5p.Besides,the breast muscles of fast-growing broilers expressed higher levels of miR-181a-5p and miR-181b-5p than those of slow-growing layers.Functionally,miR-181a-5p and miR-181b-5p both promote the expression level of myogenic factors including myogenin(MyoG),myogenic differentiation 1(MyoD1),and myosin heavy chain(MyHC),meanwhile accelerating the myotube formation of skeletal muscle satellite cells(SMSCs).Mechanistically,miR-181a-5p and miR-181b-5p directly bind to the 3′untranslated region(UTR)of the transforming growth factor beta receptor 1(TGFBR1)mRNA,further reducing the expression of TGFBR1.TGFBR1 is a key Transforming growth factor beta(TGF-β)signaling transduction receptor and had a negative function in muscle cell differentiation.Furthermore,knockdown of TGFBR1 facilitated the expression of chicken myogenic factors,boosted myotube formation,and decreased the SMAD family member 2/3(SMAD2/3)phosphorylation in chicken SMSCs.SMAD2/3 are downstream of TGF-βsignaling,and miR-181a-5p and miR-181b-5p could reduce the expression of TGFBR1 to further diminish the SMAD2/3 phosphorylation.Our findings revealed that the miR-181-5p family targets TGFBR1 to break the TGF-βsignaling transduction,which resulted in promoting chicken skeletal muscle development.展开更多
The Zn1-xAl2 O4：xEu2＋ phosphor powders were synthesized by the solid-state reaction method.The synthesis temperature for ZnAl2 O4 was optimized,whereas the phase structure,TEM images,photoluminescence（PL） properti...The Zn1-xAl2 O4：xEu2＋ phosphor powders were synthesized by the solid-state reaction method.The synthesis temperature for ZnAl2 O4 was optimized,whereas the phase structure,TEM images,photoluminescence（PL） properties,the concentration quenching mechanism,the fluorescence decay curves,as well as the CIE chromaticity coordinates of the samples were investigated in details.Under the excitation at 379 nm,the phosphor exhibits an asymmetric broad-band green emission with a peak at 532 nm,which is ascribed to the 5 d-4 f transition of Eu2＋.When the doping concentration of Eu2＋ ions is 0.01,the luminescence intensity of the sample reaches the maximum value.It is further proved that the exchange interaction results in the concentration quenching of Eu2＋ in the Zn1-xAl2 O4：xEu2＋ phosphor powders.The thermal quenching property of ZnAl2 O4：Eu2＋phosphor was investigated and the quantum efficiency（QE） values of the selected Zn0.99Al2 O4：0.01 Eu2＋ phosphor was measured and determined as 54.85%.The lifetime of the optimized sample Zn0.99Al2 O4：0.01 Eu2＋ is 3.0852 μs and the CIE coordinate of the sample was calculated as（0.3323,0.5538） with high-color-purity green emission.All properties indicate that the green-emitting ZnAl2 O4：Eu2＋ phosphor powder has potential application in white LEDs.展开更多
The construction of distorted or irregular coordination polyhedrons with specific shapes and functionalities is highly challenging.Here,we demonstrate a viable strategy for attaining a severely distorted octahedral co...The construction of distorted or irregular coordination polyhedrons with specific shapes and functionalities is highly challenging.Here,we demonstrate a viable strategy for attaining a severely distorted octahedral coordination container through precise geometrical manipulation of its nanocavity along the C_(3) or C4 axis to turn on its supramolecular catalysis.We constructed a tetragonal-elongated octahedral coordination container utilizing sulfonylcalix[4]arene-capped Co4 units as six vertexes and tetragonalelongated from single-arm lengthened 5-[(4-carboxybenzyl)amino]isophthalate(L)as eight triangular faces.Through the concomitant introduction of C_(3)-symmetry cyclohexane-1,3,5-tricarboxylate as a secondary linker to construct two equilateral triangular base surfaces and L to build six isosceles triangular side planes,trigonal antiprismatic architecture(trigonal-elongated octahedron)was attained.The elongated octahedral containers exhibited distinctly higher binding capacity and stronger binding affinity toward reaction substrates than that of regular octahedral containers;thus,promoting geometry-dependent catalytic reactivity.Our geometrical manipulation strategy provides a viable approach for the convenient design of metal–organic materials with specific functionalities.展开更多
文摘Objective This study aimed to assess the protective value of adiponectin(APN)in pancreatic islet injury induced by chronic intermittent hypoxia(CIH).Methods Sixty rats were randomly divided into three groups:normal control(NC)group,CIH group,and CIH with APN supplement(CIH+APN)group.After 5 weeks of CIH exposure,we conducted oral glucose tolerance tests(OGTT)and insulin released test(IRT),examined and compared the adenosine triphosphate(ATP)levels,mitochondrial membrane potential(MMP)levels,reactive oxygen species(ROS)levels,enzymes gene expression levels of Ant1,Cs,Hmox1,and Cox4 i1 which represented mitochondrial tricarboxylic acid cycle function,the protein and gene expression levels of DRP1,FIS1,MFN1,and OPA1 which represented mitochondrial fusion and division,and the protein expression levels of BAX,BCL-2,cleaved Caspase-3,and cleaved PARP which represented mitochondrial associated apoptosis pathway of pancreatic islet.Results OGTT and IRT showed blood glucose and insulin levels had no differences among the NC,CIH and CIH+APN groups(both P>0.05)at 0 min,20 min,30 min,60 min,120 min.However,we found that compared to NC group,CIH increased the ROS level,reduced ATP level and MMP level.The islets of CIH exposed rats showed reduced gene expression levels of Ant1,Cs,Hmox1,and Cox4 i1,decreased protein and gene expression levels of MFN1 and OPA1,increased protein and gene expression levels of DRP1 and FIS1,increased protein expression levels of cleaved Caspase-3 and cleaved PARP,with lower ratio of BCL-2/BAX at protein expression level.All the differences among three groups were statistically significant.APN treated CIH rats showed mitigated changes in the above measurements associated with islet injuries.Conclusion APN may ameliorate the pancreatic islet injury induced by CIH via inhibiting the imbalance in mitochondrial fusion and division.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFF10002020)Sichuan Science and Technology Program,China(2021YFYZ0007 and 2021YFYZ0031).
文摘MicroRNAs(miRNAs)have been demonstrated to control chicken skeletal muscle growth,however,the potential function of the miR-181-5p family in chicken myogenesis remains largely unknown.Here,our study identified the two chicken(Gallus gallus;Gga)miR-181-5p family members widely expressed in various tissues,specifically miR-181a-5p and miR-181b-5p.Besides,the breast muscles of fast-growing broilers expressed higher levels of miR-181a-5p and miR-181b-5p than those of slow-growing layers.Functionally,miR-181a-5p and miR-181b-5p both promote the expression level of myogenic factors including myogenin(MyoG),myogenic differentiation 1(MyoD1),and myosin heavy chain(MyHC),meanwhile accelerating the myotube formation of skeletal muscle satellite cells(SMSCs).Mechanistically,miR-181a-5p and miR-181b-5p directly bind to the 3′untranslated region(UTR)of the transforming growth factor beta receptor 1(TGFBR1)mRNA,further reducing the expression of TGFBR1.TGFBR1 is a key Transforming growth factor beta(TGF-β)signaling transduction receptor and had a negative function in muscle cell differentiation.Furthermore,knockdown of TGFBR1 facilitated the expression of chicken myogenic factors,boosted myotube formation,and decreased the SMAD family member 2/3(SMAD2/3)phosphorylation in chicken SMSCs.SMAD2/3 are downstream of TGF-βsignaling,and miR-181a-5p and miR-181b-5p could reduce the expression of TGFBR1 to further diminish the SMAD2/3 phosphorylation.Our findings revealed that the miR-181-5p family targets TGFBR1 to break the TGF-βsignaling transduction,which resulted in promoting chicken skeletal muscle development.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51472222,51372232)the Fundamental Research Fund for the Central Universities(2652017362)
文摘The Zn1-xAl2 O4：xEu2＋ phosphor powders were synthesized by the solid-state reaction method.The synthesis temperature for ZnAl2 O4 was optimized,whereas the phase structure,TEM images,photoluminescence（PL） properties,the concentration quenching mechanism,the fluorescence decay curves,as well as the CIE chromaticity coordinates of the samples were investigated in details.Under the excitation at 379 nm,the phosphor exhibits an asymmetric broad-band green emission with a peak at 532 nm,which is ascribed to the 5 d-4 f transition of Eu2＋.When the doping concentration of Eu2＋ ions is 0.01,the luminescence intensity of the sample reaches the maximum value.It is further proved that the exchange interaction results in the concentration quenching of Eu2＋ in the Zn1-xAl2 O4：xEu2＋ phosphor powders.The thermal quenching property of ZnAl2 O4：Eu2＋phosphor was investigated and the quantum efficiency（QE） values of the selected Zn0.99Al2 O4：0.01 Eu2＋ phosphor was measured and determined as 54.85%.The lifetime of the optimized sample Zn0.99Al2 O4：0.01 Eu2＋ is 3.0852 μs and the CIE coordinate of the sample was calculated as（0.3323,0.5538） with high-color-purity green emission.All properties indicate that the green-emitting ZnAl2 O4：Eu2＋ phosphor powder has potential application in white LEDs.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant nos.21673239,21501179,and 21531008)Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province(grant no.2017J06008)+1 种基金the CAS/SAFEA International Partnership Program for Creative Research Teams,and the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(grant no.XDB20000000)Z.W.acknowledges a National Science Foundation CAREER award(grant no.CHE-1352279)for supporting work related to the design and synthesis of container molecules,a second NSF grant(grant no.CHE-1800354)for supporting work pertaining to supramolecular catalysis,and the South Dakota Governor’s Office of Economic Development through the Center for Fluorinated Functional Materials for additional financial support.
文摘The construction of distorted or irregular coordination polyhedrons with specific shapes and functionalities is highly challenging.Here,we demonstrate a viable strategy for attaining a severely distorted octahedral coordination container through precise geometrical manipulation of its nanocavity along the C_(3) or C4 axis to turn on its supramolecular catalysis.We constructed a tetragonal-elongated octahedral coordination container utilizing sulfonylcalix[4]arene-capped Co4 units as six vertexes and tetragonalelongated from single-arm lengthened 5-[(4-carboxybenzyl)amino]isophthalate(L)as eight triangular faces.Through the concomitant introduction of C_(3)-symmetry cyclohexane-1,3,5-tricarboxylate as a secondary linker to construct two equilateral triangular base surfaces and L to build six isosceles triangular side planes,trigonal antiprismatic architecture(trigonal-elongated octahedron)was attained.The elongated octahedral containers exhibited distinctly higher binding capacity and stronger binding affinity toward reaction substrates than that of regular octahedral containers;thus,promoting geometry-dependent catalytic reactivity.Our geometrical manipulation strategy provides a viable approach for the convenient design of metal–organic materials with specific functionalities.
