Changes of concentrations were studied in water buffaloes and goats infected with Fasciola he-patica on blood NO(nitric oxide) and TNF-α(tumor necrosis factor-α). Twenty healthy male castrated water buffaloes of 2 -...Changes of concentrations were studied in water buffaloes and goats infected with Fasciola he-patica on blood NO(nitric oxide) and TNF-α(tumor necrosis factor-α). Twenty healthy male castrated water buffaloes of 2 - 3 years old and weighing 300 - 500 kg as well as six goats were confirmed free of fasciolosis by fecal examination and Dot-ELISA. Two studies were conducted using the water buffaloes. In the first experiment, 8 water buffaloes were randomly divided into control group (n = 3) and infection group (n = 5). Each buffalo in the infected group received orally 60 metacercariae of F. hepatica per day for 20 days (total 1 200 metacercariae) to produce a chronic infection. In the second experiment, 12 water buffaloes were randomly divided into infected (n=9) and control group (n = 3). Each buffalo in the infected group was given a single oral dose of 1 600 metacercariae to produce an acute infection. The 6 goats were randomly divided into two infected groups and a control group. The sheep in two infections received a single oral dose of 200 and 500 metacercariae respectively, the control group remained uninfected. Blood NO and TNF-a concentrations of the test animals were measured by a reductive enzyme assay and RIA, respectively. Blood NO concentration in both acutely and chronically infected water buffaloes progressively increased from week 3 post-infection and was significantly greater than that of the control group (P<0. 05) at the 5th week (acute infection) and 7th week (chronic infection), and remaining at higher concentration for the remaining period of the studies. Blood TNF-αconcentrations in both chronically and acutely infected water buffaloes also increased after infection. In the goat experiment, plasma NO concentrations in both infection groups increased from week 3 after infection, and remained higher than that of the control group until the end of the experiment. TNF-α concentrations in goats in infection group 1 and 2 gradually increased after infection and were significantly greater than those of the control group from the 9th to 11th week and from the 11th to 15th week respectively.展开更多
In 2014, the Ministry of Health clearly pointed out the development direction of establishing a national medical consortium (reduced into the "medical association"). This paper aims to analyze the current si...In 2014, the Ministry of Health clearly pointed out the development direction of establishing a national medical consortium (reduced into the "medical association"). This paper aims to analyze the current situation of the construction of medical association in different systems in the primary medical and health service system, explore its operation mode, summarize the experience, meet the multi-level and diversified construction of medical resources through the implementation of medical association in different systems, and increase the capacity and efficiency of medical service in China.展开更多
After driving along the opening of the lower gateway in the lower 15242 working face of Jiulong Mine, the roadway was driven along a fault with a drop of about 20m. The distance between the lower side of the roadway a...After driving along the opening of the lower gateway in the lower 15242 working face of Jiulong Mine, the roadway was driven along a fault with a drop of about 20m. The distance between the lower side of the roadway and the fault was about 5m. At the same time, the roof of the roadway was a composite roof with coal and rock interbedding. The roof of the roadway was 6-8m up and there were 3 coal seams with a thickness of 0.2-0.5m The rocks within 10m were all sandy mudstone. Therefore, due to the influence of fault residual stress and poor roof lithology, the surrounding rock pressure of the roadway is obvious, and the roof and floor of the roadway and the two sides converge greatly. In the process of tunneling, the traditional inclined-distance section of the roof of the No.2 coal seam is adopted, and the roof subsidence of the roadway is still large after the full anchor cable support. In order to ensure the safety of roadway tunneling and use, the roof of the roadway is forced to be reinforced with anchor cables through the posterior approach, which results in more labor and excess cost of supporting materials. In order to solve the above problems, it is urgent to optimize the shape of roadway drivage section and supporting parameters.展开更多
文摘Changes of concentrations were studied in water buffaloes and goats infected with Fasciola he-patica on blood NO(nitric oxide) and TNF-α(tumor necrosis factor-α). Twenty healthy male castrated water buffaloes of 2 - 3 years old and weighing 300 - 500 kg as well as six goats were confirmed free of fasciolosis by fecal examination and Dot-ELISA. Two studies were conducted using the water buffaloes. In the first experiment, 8 water buffaloes were randomly divided into control group (n = 3) and infection group (n = 5). Each buffalo in the infected group received orally 60 metacercariae of F. hepatica per day for 20 days (total 1 200 metacercariae) to produce a chronic infection. In the second experiment, 12 water buffaloes were randomly divided into infected (n=9) and control group (n = 3). Each buffalo in the infected group was given a single oral dose of 1 600 metacercariae to produce an acute infection. The 6 goats were randomly divided into two infected groups and a control group. The sheep in two infections received a single oral dose of 200 and 500 metacercariae respectively, the control group remained uninfected. Blood NO and TNF-a concentrations of the test animals were measured by a reductive enzyme assay and RIA, respectively. Blood NO concentration in both acutely and chronically infected water buffaloes progressively increased from week 3 post-infection and was significantly greater than that of the control group (P<0. 05) at the 5th week (acute infection) and 7th week (chronic infection), and remaining at higher concentration for the remaining period of the studies. Blood TNF-αconcentrations in both chronically and acutely infected water buffaloes also increased after infection. In the goat experiment, plasma NO concentrations in both infection groups increased from week 3 after infection, and remained higher than that of the control group until the end of the experiment. TNF-α concentrations in goats in infection group 1 and 2 gradually increased after infection and were significantly greater than those of the control group from the 9th to 11th week and from the 11th to 15th week respectively.
文摘In 2014, the Ministry of Health clearly pointed out the development direction of establishing a national medical consortium (reduced into the "medical association"). This paper aims to analyze the current situation of the construction of medical association in different systems in the primary medical and health service system, explore its operation mode, summarize the experience, meet the multi-level and diversified construction of medical resources through the implementation of medical association in different systems, and increase the capacity and efficiency of medical service in China.
文摘After driving along the opening of the lower gateway in the lower 15242 working face of Jiulong Mine, the roadway was driven along a fault with a drop of about 20m. The distance between the lower side of the roadway and the fault was about 5m. At the same time, the roof of the roadway was a composite roof with coal and rock interbedding. The roof of the roadway was 6-8m up and there were 3 coal seams with a thickness of 0.2-0.5m The rocks within 10m were all sandy mudstone. Therefore, due to the influence of fault residual stress and poor roof lithology, the surrounding rock pressure of the roadway is obvious, and the roof and floor of the roadway and the two sides converge greatly. In the process of tunneling, the traditional inclined-distance section of the roof of the No.2 coal seam is adopted, and the roof subsidence of the roadway is still large after the full anchor cable support. In order to ensure the safety of roadway tunneling and use, the roof of the roadway is forced to be reinforced with anchor cables through the posterior approach, which results in more labor and excess cost of supporting materials. In order to solve the above problems, it is urgent to optimize the shape of roadway drivage section and supporting parameters.
