氚是核设施运行过程中释放的放射性物质之一,对人体的内照射危害不仅与其活度有关,而且与氚的化学形态、摄入途径密切相关。针对目前国内涉及氚的控制标准较多,氚化水(HTO)与元素氚(HT)的控制限值均存在不一致的问题,梳理分析了氚浓度...氚是核设施运行过程中释放的放射性物质之一,对人体的内照射危害不仅与其活度有关,而且与氚的化学形态、摄入途径密切相关。针对目前国内涉及氚的控制标准较多,氚化水(HTO)与元素氚(HT)的控制限值均存在不一致的问题,梳理分析了氚浓度控制限值的发展及相关标准的制定依据。根据我国现行辐射防护有关标准,结合国际原子能机构(International Atomic Energy Agency,IAEA)和国际放射防护委员会(International Commission on Radiological Protection,ICRP)出版物中最新的核素氚生物剂量学参数,重新计算了氚的导出空气浓度(Derived Air Concentration,DAC)与水中活度浓度的控制限制值,以期为辐射防护管理标准制定提供参考,并对控制限值的适用对象进行了明确的区分,控制限值的适用对象是人而非设施设备。展开更多
Based on the high energy γ-ray yield from the H-bomb D-T fusion reaction, it brings forward the idea applying the 16.76 MeV γ-ray to judge whether the H-bomb happens or not, and to deduce the explosion TNT equivalen...Based on the high energy γ-ray yield from the H-bomb D-T fusion reaction, it brings forward the idea applying the 16.76 MeV γ-ray to judge whether the H-bomb happens or not, and to deduce the explosion TNT equivalent accurately. The Monte Carlo N-Particle was applied to simulate the high energy γ-ray radiation characteristics reaching the geosynchronous orbit satellite, and the CVD diamond detector suit for the requirements was researched. A series of experiments were carried out to testify the capabilities of the diamond detector. It provides a brand-new approach to satellite-based nuclear explosion detection.展开更多
文摘氚是核设施运行过程中释放的放射性物质之一,对人体的内照射危害不仅与其活度有关,而且与氚的化学形态、摄入途径密切相关。针对目前国内涉及氚的控制标准较多,氚化水(HTO)与元素氚(HT)的控制限值均存在不一致的问题,梳理分析了氚浓度控制限值的发展及相关标准的制定依据。根据我国现行辐射防护有关标准,结合国际原子能机构(International Atomic Energy Agency,IAEA)和国际放射防护委员会(International Commission on Radiological Protection,ICRP)出版物中最新的核素氚生物剂量学参数,重新计算了氚的导出空气浓度(Derived Air Concentration,DAC)与水中活度浓度的控制限制值,以期为辐射防护管理标准制定提供参考,并对控制限值的适用对象进行了明确的区分,控制限值的适用对象是人而非设施设备。
文摘Based on the high energy γ-ray yield from the H-bomb D-T fusion reaction, it brings forward the idea applying the 16.76 MeV γ-ray to judge whether the H-bomb happens or not, and to deduce the explosion TNT equivalent accurately. The Monte Carlo N-Particle was applied to simulate the high energy γ-ray radiation characteristics reaching the geosynchronous orbit satellite, and the CVD diamond detector suit for the requirements was researched. A series of experiments were carried out to testify the capabilities of the diamond detector. It provides a brand-new approach to satellite-based nuclear explosion detection.
