目的探讨特发性矮身材(idiopathic short stature,ISS)儿童与正常身高儿童肠道菌群的结构与组成差异,并分析肠道菌群在ISS发生中的潜在作用,为进一步揭示ISS的发病机制及靶向干预提供理论依据。方法选取2023年1月至2024年7月于中南大学...目的探讨特发性矮身材(idiopathic short stature,ISS)儿童与正常身高儿童肠道菌群的结构与组成差异,并分析肠道菌群在ISS发生中的潜在作用,为进一步揭示ISS的发病机制及靶向干预提供理论依据。方法选取2023年1月至2024年7月于中南大学湘雅医学院附属海口医院儿童医学部就诊的22例4.0~7.5岁ISS患者为ISS组,15名同龄正常身高健康儿童为对照组。收集研究对象临床资料及粪便样本,采用16S rDNA测序技术检测并分析肠道菌群的组成特征。结果ISS组与对照组肠道菌群Alpha多样性差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),Beta多样性差异有统计学意义(R=0.109,P<0.05)。在门水平上,2组的主要菌门均为厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)、拟杆菌门(Bacteroidota)和变形菌门(Proteobacteria)。ISS组以拟杆菌属(Bacteroides,29.72%)、粪杆菌属(Faecalibacterium,10.89%)、大肠埃希菌-志贺菌属(Escherichia-Shigella,5.92%)、考拉杆菌属(Phascolarctobacterium,3.09%)和另枝菌属(Alistipes,2.49%)为主;对照组则以拟杆菌属(26.61%)、粪杆菌属(9.04%)、大肠埃希菌-志贺菌属(4.41%)、双歧杆菌属(Bifidobacterium,2.93%)和巨单胞菌属(Megamonas,2.92%)为主。LEfSe分析显示,科和属水平上ISS组共鉴定出7个优势菌群,对照组共检测到6个优势菌群。在科水平上,ISS组优势菌群为韦荣菌科,对照组为月形单胞菌科、普雷沃菌科、摩根菌科;在属水平上,ISS组优势菌群为韦荣球菌属、噬氢菌属、Hungatella、丹毒丝菌属、颤螺菌属、戴阿利斯特杆菌属,对照组为巨单胞菌属、Subdoligranulum、摩根菌属。属级共现网络分析提示ISS组较对照组简化。结论ISS儿童的肠道优势菌群与正常儿童显著不同,表现为菌群失调以及炎症反应相关菌群的丰度升高,提示肠道菌群可能在ISS的发生和进展中发挥重要作用。展开更多
In recent years,nanomaterials have demonstrated significant potential in agricultural applications.Nano-manganese trioxide(nano-Mn_(2)O_(3)),a novel metal oxide,and its derivatives have emerged as a promising manganes...In recent years,nanomaterials have demonstrated significant potential in agricultural applications.Nano-manganese trioxide(nano-Mn_(2)O_(3)),a novel metal oxide,and its derivatives have emerged as a promising manganese fertilizer to improve crop manganese nutrition,with ongoing research exploring its mechanisms in enhancing plant growth and productivity.Studies have also identified nanozyme-like properties in nanomaterials,though whether Mn_(2)O_(3) exhibits superoxide dismutase(SOD)-mimetic activity in plants or can serve as an enzymatic substitute requires further investigation.This study utilized hydroponically cultivated tomato seedlings treated with varying concentrations of nano-Mn_(2)O_(3) to evaluate its effects on growth,physiological activity(including photosynthesis,antioxidant defense system homeostasis and nutrient absorption/transformation)and its potential SOD-like enzymatic functionality within plant tissues to assess agricultural applicability.Key results demonstrated that,compared to the control,nano-Mn_(2)O_(3) treatment significantly enhanced plant height,stem diameter,root length,aboveground fresh weight,and dry biomass,while improving leaf relative water content,chlorophyll levels and photosynthetic efficiency through boosting electron transport in photosystem Ⅱ and light energy utilization,collectively enhancing stress resistance.The nanoparticles notably modulated the antioxidant defense system by elevating catalase(CAT)and peroxidase(POD)activities,while exhibiting intrinsic SOD-like enzymatic behavior,suggesting their role as nanozyme substitutes.Specifically,0.05 g·L^(-1) nano-Mn_(2)O_(3) optimally promoted root development parameters,whereas 0.5 g·L^(-1) most effectively enhanced aerial growth metrics.Additionally,all tested concentrations significantly influenced macronutrient accumulation in aboveground tissues,with concentration-dependent effects observed on nutrient assimilation patterns.These findings underscored nano-Mn_(2)O_(3)'s dual functionality as both a micronutrient supplement and enzymatic substitute,providing critical insights for developing advanced nano-enabled agricultural inputs.展开更多
文摘目的探讨特发性矮身材(idiopathic short stature,ISS)儿童与正常身高儿童肠道菌群的结构与组成差异,并分析肠道菌群在ISS发生中的潜在作用,为进一步揭示ISS的发病机制及靶向干预提供理论依据。方法选取2023年1月至2024年7月于中南大学湘雅医学院附属海口医院儿童医学部就诊的22例4.0~7.5岁ISS患者为ISS组,15名同龄正常身高健康儿童为对照组。收集研究对象临床资料及粪便样本,采用16S rDNA测序技术检测并分析肠道菌群的组成特征。结果ISS组与对照组肠道菌群Alpha多样性差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),Beta多样性差异有统计学意义(R=0.109,P<0.05)。在门水平上,2组的主要菌门均为厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)、拟杆菌门(Bacteroidota)和变形菌门(Proteobacteria)。ISS组以拟杆菌属(Bacteroides,29.72%)、粪杆菌属(Faecalibacterium,10.89%)、大肠埃希菌-志贺菌属(Escherichia-Shigella,5.92%)、考拉杆菌属(Phascolarctobacterium,3.09%)和另枝菌属(Alistipes,2.49%)为主;对照组则以拟杆菌属(26.61%)、粪杆菌属(9.04%)、大肠埃希菌-志贺菌属(4.41%)、双歧杆菌属(Bifidobacterium,2.93%)和巨单胞菌属(Megamonas,2.92%)为主。LEfSe分析显示,科和属水平上ISS组共鉴定出7个优势菌群,对照组共检测到6个优势菌群。在科水平上,ISS组优势菌群为韦荣菌科,对照组为月形单胞菌科、普雷沃菌科、摩根菌科;在属水平上,ISS组优势菌群为韦荣球菌属、噬氢菌属、Hungatella、丹毒丝菌属、颤螺菌属、戴阿利斯特杆菌属,对照组为巨单胞菌属、Subdoligranulum、摩根菌属。属级共现网络分析提示ISS组较对照组简化。结论ISS儿童的肠道优势菌群与正常儿童显著不同,表现为菌群失调以及炎症反应相关菌群的丰度升高,提示肠道菌群可能在ISS的发生和进展中发挥重要作用。
基金Supported by the Local Joint Project of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U22A20495)the Innovative Research Group Project of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32072588)。
文摘In recent years,nanomaterials have demonstrated significant potential in agricultural applications.Nano-manganese trioxide(nano-Mn_(2)O_(3)),a novel metal oxide,and its derivatives have emerged as a promising manganese fertilizer to improve crop manganese nutrition,with ongoing research exploring its mechanisms in enhancing plant growth and productivity.Studies have also identified nanozyme-like properties in nanomaterials,though whether Mn_(2)O_(3) exhibits superoxide dismutase(SOD)-mimetic activity in plants or can serve as an enzymatic substitute requires further investigation.This study utilized hydroponically cultivated tomato seedlings treated with varying concentrations of nano-Mn_(2)O_(3) to evaluate its effects on growth,physiological activity(including photosynthesis,antioxidant defense system homeostasis and nutrient absorption/transformation)and its potential SOD-like enzymatic functionality within plant tissues to assess agricultural applicability.Key results demonstrated that,compared to the control,nano-Mn_(2)O_(3) treatment significantly enhanced plant height,stem diameter,root length,aboveground fresh weight,and dry biomass,while improving leaf relative water content,chlorophyll levels and photosynthetic efficiency through boosting electron transport in photosystem Ⅱ and light energy utilization,collectively enhancing stress resistance.The nanoparticles notably modulated the antioxidant defense system by elevating catalase(CAT)and peroxidase(POD)activities,while exhibiting intrinsic SOD-like enzymatic behavior,suggesting their role as nanozyme substitutes.Specifically,0.05 g·L^(-1) nano-Mn_(2)O_(3) optimally promoted root development parameters,whereas 0.5 g·L^(-1) most effectively enhanced aerial growth metrics.Additionally,all tested concentrations significantly influenced macronutrient accumulation in aboveground tissues,with concentration-dependent effects observed on nutrient assimilation patterns.These findings underscored nano-Mn_(2)O_(3)'s dual functionality as both a micronutrient supplement and enzymatic substitute,providing critical insights for developing advanced nano-enabled agricultural inputs.
