The rapid advancement of modern electronics has led to a surge in solid electronic waste,which poses significant environmental and health challenges.This review focuses on recent developments in paper-based electronic...The rapid advancement of modern electronics has led to a surge in solid electronic waste,which poses significant environmental and health challenges.This review focuses on recent developments in paper-based electronic devices fabricated through low-cost,hand-printing techniques,with particular emphasis on their applications in energy harvesting,storage,and sensing.Unlike conventional plastic-based substrates,cellulose paper offers several advantages,including biodegradability,recyclability,and low fabrication cost.By integrating functional nanomaterials such as two-dimensional chalcogenides,metal oxides,conductive polymers,and carbon-based structures onto paper,researchers have achieved high-performance devices such as broadband photodetectors(responsivity up to 52 mA/W),supercapacitors(energy density~15.1 mWh/cm^(2)),and pressure sensors(sensitivity~18.42 kPa^(-1)).The hand-printing approach,which eliminates the need for sophisticated equipment and toxic solvents,offers a promising route for scalable,sustainable,and disposable electronics.This review outlines fabrication methods and key performance metrics,and discusses the current challenges and future directions for realizing robust,flexible devices aligned with green technology and the United Nation’s Sustainable Development Goals.展开更多
We identically prepared Cu-nMoSe_(2)(a−plane)and Cu-nMoSe_(2)(c−plane)Schottky barrier diodes(SBDs)on the same n-type MoSe_(2) single crystal.The effective Schottky barrier heights(SBHs)and ideality factors were obtai...We identically prepared Cu-nMoSe_(2)(a−plane)and Cu-nMoSe_(2)(c−plane)Schottky barrier diodes(SBDs)on the same n-type MoSe_(2) single crystal.The effective Schottky barrier heights(SBHs)and ideality factors were obtained from the current−voltage-temperature(I–V–T)characteristics.The barrier height and ideality factor,estimated from the conventional thermionic emission model by assuming a Gaussian barrier distribution,are highly dependent on temperature.A notable deviation from the theoretical Richardson constant value is also observed in the conventional Richardson plot.The decrease in the experimental barrier heightΦB0 and an increase in the ideality factor n with a decrease in temperature have been explained on the basis of barrier height inhomogeneities at the metal−semiconductor interface.It is proven that the presence of a distribution of barrier heights is responsible for the apparent decrease of the zero bias barrier height.The voltage dependence of the standard deviation causes the increase of the ideality factor at low temperatures.The value of the Richardson constant obtained without considering the inhomogeneous barrier heights is much closer than the theoretical value.The Cu-nMoSe_(2)(a−plane)Schottky diode shows better results in comparison with the nMoSe_(2)(c-plane)Schottky diode.展开更多
基金The Consortium for Scientific Research,Indore(CSR,Indore)(No.CRS/2021-22/01/426)is acknowledged by the authorsFor the research facilities,the authors are grateful to CHARUSAT University.
文摘The rapid advancement of modern electronics has led to a surge in solid electronic waste,which poses significant environmental and health challenges.This review focuses on recent developments in paper-based electronic devices fabricated through low-cost,hand-printing techniques,with particular emphasis on their applications in energy harvesting,storage,and sensing.Unlike conventional plastic-based substrates,cellulose paper offers several advantages,including biodegradability,recyclability,and low fabrication cost.By integrating functional nanomaterials such as two-dimensional chalcogenides,metal oxides,conductive polymers,and carbon-based structures onto paper,researchers have achieved high-performance devices such as broadband photodetectors(responsivity up to 52 mA/W),supercapacitors(energy density~15.1 mWh/cm^(2)),and pressure sensors(sensitivity~18.42 kPa^(-1)).The hand-printing approach,which eliminates the need for sophisticated equipment and toxic solvents,offers a promising route for scalable,sustainable,and disposable electronics.This review outlines fabrication methods and key performance metrics,and discusses the current challenges and future directions for realizing robust,flexible devices aligned with green technology and the United Nation’s Sustainable Development Goals.
文摘We identically prepared Cu-nMoSe_(2)(a−plane)and Cu-nMoSe_(2)(c−plane)Schottky barrier diodes(SBDs)on the same n-type MoSe_(2) single crystal.The effective Schottky barrier heights(SBHs)and ideality factors were obtained from the current−voltage-temperature(I–V–T)characteristics.The barrier height and ideality factor,estimated from the conventional thermionic emission model by assuming a Gaussian barrier distribution,are highly dependent on temperature.A notable deviation from the theoretical Richardson constant value is also observed in the conventional Richardson plot.The decrease in the experimental barrier heightΦB0 and an increase in the ideality factor n with a decrease in temperature have been explained on the basis of barrier height inhomogeneities at the metal−semiconductor interface.It is proven that the presence of a distribution of barrier heights is responsible for the apparent decrease of the zero bias barrier height.The voltage dependence of the standard deviation causes the increase of the ideality factor at low temperatures.The value of the Richardson constant obtained without considering the inhomogeneous barrier heights is much closer than the theoretical value.The Cu-nMoSe_(2)(a−plane)Schottky diode shows better results in comparison with the nMoSe_(2)(c-plane)Schottky diode.
