Objective: Dysphagia is a frequent symptom caused by cerebral infarction. This study investigated the effect evaluation and safety of electroacupuncture combined with balloon dilatation on dysphagia after cerebral inf...Objective: Dysphagia is a frequent symptom caused by cerebral infarction. This study investigated the effect evaluation and safety of electroacupuncture combined with balloon dilatation on dysphagia after cerebral infarction. Methods: Totally 100 patients with dysphagia after cerebral infarction were enrolled as study subjects and assigned into the control group (treated with balloon dilatation) and the observation group (treated with electroacupuncture and balloon dilatation), with 50 cases in each group. The general data of participants were recorded. Before or after treatment, swallowing function was assessed by water swallow test, standardized swallowing function assessment (SSA), videofluoroscopic swallow study (VFSS), and functional oral intake scale (FOIS). The cerebral hemodynamics, serological indicators, neurological impairment, quality of life (QOL) score were analyzed. Additionally, the occurrence of complications and adverse reactions after treatment was assessed. Results: There was no significant difference in gender, age, BMI, course of disease, and grade of dysphagia between the two groups. Balloon dilatation alone and electroacupuncture combined with balloon dilatation decreased the water swallow test, SSA, and VFSS scores, increased FOIS score, and improved the swallowing function, cerebral hemodynamic parameters, serological indicators, neurological function and QOL, with the better efficacy in the combined therapy. Moreover, combined therapy had lower incidences of complications and adverse reactions than balloon dilatation therapy alone. Conclusion: Electroacupuncture intervention combined with balloon dilatation therapy ameliorates swallowing function, cerebral hemodynamics, serological indicators, neurological function and QOL, and reduces complications and adverse reactions in dysphagia after cerebral infarction.展开更多
Silicon passivated emitter and rear contact(PERC) solar cells with V-groove texture were fabricated using maskless alkaline solution etching with in-house developed additive. Compared with the traditional pyramid text...Silicon passivated emitter and rear contact(PERC) solar cells with V-groove texture were fabricated using maskless alkaline solution etching with in-house developed additive. Compared with the traditional pyramid texture, the V-groove texture possesses superior effective minority carrier lifetime, enhanced p–n junction quality and better applied filling factor(FF). In addition, a V-groove texture can greatly reduce the shading area and edge damage of front Ag electrodes when the V-groove direction is parallel to the gridline electrodes. Due to these factors, the V-groove solar cells have a higher efficiency(21.78%) than pyramid solar cells(21.62%). Interestingly, external quantum efficiency(EQE) and reflectance of the V-groove solar cells exhibit a slight decrease when the incident light angle(θ) is increased from 0° to 75°, which confirms the excellent quasi omnidirectionality of the V-groove solar cells. The proposed V-groove solar cell design shows a 2.84% relative enhancement of energy output over traditional pyramid solar cells.展开更多
The DC-driven atmospheric-pressure microplasma is generated in a helium gas flowing through the metal tube cathode and is brought into contact with the surface of the water with the immersed Pt anode.By adjusting the ...The DC-driven atmospheric-pressure microplasma is generated in a helium gas flowing through the metal tube cathode and is brought into contact with the surface of the water with the immersed Pt anode.By adjusting the gas flow,discharge current and gap distance,self-organized patterns are observed and varied sequentially from the homogeneous spot to the ring-like shape,distinct spot shape and the gearwheel shape on the water surface.The electrode temperature is measured and the gas temperature of the plasma discharge is calculated through the numericalfitting of the second positive system of the spectrum of N2 molecules.It is shown that the pattern transition is related to the electrode and gas temperatures of the plasma.Moreover,specific discretization features of the patterns are shown to appear at certain gas temperatures.展开更多
A review was undertaken of the operation process and development of transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation(TEAS)and related devices for TEAS,with the aim to offer a reference for developing an international st...A review was undertaken of the operation process and development of transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation(TEAS)and related devices for TEAS,with the aim to offer a reference for developing an international standard for the basic safety and essential performance of the devices.The articles related to TEAS and instruction of devices for TEAS were searched using the EMBASE,MEDLINE,and Web of Science databases with the time period from inception to July 18,2023.In the absence of a parameter description of the stimulators,a multimeter was used to measure the output voltage,resistance,and current.Thirty-two related devices for TEAS were obtained.The safety parameters ofmost devices were neither clearly defined,nor standardized,and in some cases weremissing.There was a noticeable disparity in the upper safety limits of the output current among the devices.The sizes of the skin electrode pads as well as the lengths of the electrode connecting wires of most devices were not clearly indicated.Acupoints on different parts of the human body,including the upper limbs,head,auricle,chest,abdomen,trunk,and lower limbs,required different maximum tolerable current intensities and current densities.It is important to indicate comprehensive output/safety parameters and essential performance for devices for TEAS to meet the need of global distribution,achieve precise stimulation parameters at different acupoints across the human body,and allay any safety concern of national therapeutic device authorities,the regulators,manufacturers,and end users.展开更多
Visceral hypersensitivity(VH),one of themajor symptoms of functional gastrointestinal disorders(FGIDs),impacts the social life and quality of life of the patients.Because of the complex pathological mechanism,the drug...Visceral hypersensitivity(VH),one of themajor symptoms of functional gastrointestinal disorders(FGIDs),impacts the social life and quality of life of the patients.Because of the complex pathological mechanism,the drug therapy for VH has unsatisfactory clinical efficacy and induces side effects.Alternative strategies acting on the central nervous system with few side effects are urgently needed.We summarize the centralmechanisms of acupuncture in relieving VH to provide theoretical support for the clinical application of acupuncture in the treatment of VH in FGIDs.In this study,we retrieved the related articles from PubMed and Web of Science with the key words of“acupuncture,”“electroacupuncture,”and“visceral hypersensitivity.”According to the sensory conduction,perception,and emotion-related pathways involved in VH,we summarize the central mechanism of acupuncture in relieving VH from the perspectives of molecular biology and neuroimaging.The pathogenesis of VH in FGIDs involves the peripheral and central nervous systems,which are responsible for the transmission and perception of visceral sensations as well as the regulation of emotion.The widespread nature of VH indicates the involvement of the central nervous system.Acupuncture mediates the signaling pathways between the gastrointestinal tract and the brain to regulate gastrointestinal function and relieve VH.Acupuncture relieves VH by integrating multiple pathways and targets.The available studies in this field mainly focus on the regulation of a specific target or chemical transmitter by acupuncture,while the exact connection among these targets remains to be clarified by multilevel and multitarget studies.展开更多
文摘Objective: Dysphagia is a frequent symptom caused by cerebral infarction. This study investigated the effect evaluation and safety of electroacupuncture combined with balloon dilatation on dysphagia after cerebral infarction. Methods: Totally 100 patients with dysphagia after cerebral infarction were enrolled as study subjects and assigned into the control group (treated with balloon dilatation) and the observation group (treated with electroacupuncture and balloon dilatation), with 50 cases in each group. The general data of participants were recorded. Before or after treatment, swallowing function was assessed by water swallow test, standardized swallowing function assessment (SSA), videofluoroscopic swallow study (VFSS), and functional oral intake scale (FOIS). The cerebral hemodynamics, serological indicators, neurological impairment, quality of life (QOL) score were analyzed. Additionally, the occurrence of complications and adverse reactions after treatment was assessed. Results: There was no significant difference in gender, age, BMI, course of disease, and grade of dysphagia between the two groups. Balloon dilatation alone and electroacupuncture combined with balloon dilatation decreased the water swallow test, SSA, and VFSS scores, increased FOIS score, and improved the swallowing function, cerebral hemodynamic parameters, serological indicators, neurological function and QOL, with the better efficacy in the combined therapy. Moreover, combined therapy had lower incidences of complications and adverse reactions than balloon dilatation therapy alone. Conclusion: Electroacupuncture intervention combined with balloon dilatation therapy ameliorates swallowing function, cerebral hemodynamics, serological indicators, neurological function and QOL, and reduces complications and adverse reactions in dysphagia after cerebral infarction.
基金Project supported by the Key-Area Research and Development Program of Guangdong Province,China (Grant No.2021B0101260001)Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation (Grant No.2019A1515110411)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.61904201)。
文摘Silicon passivated emitter and rear contact(PERC) solar cells with V-groove texture were fabricated using maskless alkaline solution etching with in-house developed additive. Compared with the traditional pyramid texture, the V-groove texture possesses superior effective minority carrier lifetime, enhanced p–n junction quality and better applied filling factor(FF). In addition, a V-groove texture can greatly reduce the shading area and edge damage of front Ag electrodes when the V-groove direction is parallel to the gridline electrodes. Due to these factors, the V-groove solar cells have a higher efficiency(21.78%) than pyramid solar cells(21.62%). Interestingly, external quantum efficiency(EQE) and reflectance of the V-groove solar cells exhibit a slight decrease when the incident light angle(θ) is increased from 0° to 75°, which confirms the excellent quasi omnidirectionality of the V-groove solar cells. The proposed V-groove solar cell design shows a 2.84% relative enhancement of energy output over traditional pyramid solar cells.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.11675109)Biomedical Engineering Cross Research Foundation of Shanghai Jiao Tong University(YG2016MS12)the Australian Research Council for partial support。
文摘The DC-driven atmospheric-pressure microplasma is generated in a helium gas flowing through the metal tube cathode and is brought into contact with the surface of the water with the immersed Pt anode.By adjusting the gas flow,discharge current and gap distance,self-organized patterns are observed and varied sequentially from the homogeneous spot to the ring-like shape,distinct spot shape and the gearwheel shape on the water surface.The electrode temperature is measured and the gas temperature of the plasma discharge is calculated through the numericalfitting of the second positive system of the spectrum of N2 molecules.It is shown that the pattern transition is related to the electrode and gas temperatures of the plasma.Moreover,specific discretization features of the patterns are shown to appear at certain gas temperatures.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2022YFC3500501)Science and Technology Innovation Project(CI2023C017YL)of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences2021 Qihuang Scholar Support Project(Peijing Rong).
文摘A review was undertaken of the operation process and development of transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation(TEAS)and related devices for TEAS,with the aim to offer a reference for developing an international standard for the basic safety and essential performance of the devices.The articles related to TEAS and instruction of devices for TEAS were searched using the EMBASE,MEDLINE,and Web of Science databases with the time period from inception to July 18,2023.In the absence of a parameter description of the stimulators,a multimeter was used to measure the output voltage,resistance,and current.Thirty-two related devices for TEAS were obtained.The safety parameters ofmost devices were neither clearly defined,nor standardized,and in some cases weremissing.There was a noticeable disparity in the upper safety limits of the output current among the devices.The sizes of the skin electrode pads as well as the lengths of the electrode connecting wires of most devices were not clearly indicated.Acupoints on different parts of the human body,including the upper limbs,head,auricle,chest,abdomen,trunk,and lower limbs,required different maximum tolerable current intensities and current densities.It is important to indicate comprehensive output/safety parameters and essential performance for devices for TEAS to meet the need of global distribution,achieve precise stimulation parameters at different acupoints across the human body,and allay any safety concern of national therapeutic device authorities,the regulators,manufacturers,and end users.
基金This research supported by National Key R&D Program of China(2022YFC3500500)National Natural Science Foundation of China(8217153454).
文摘Visceral hypersensitivity(VH),one of themajor symptoms of functional gastrointestinal disorders(FGIDs),impacts the social life and quality of life of the patients.Because of the complex pathological mechanism,the drug therapy for VH has unsatisfactory clinical efficacy and induces side effects.Alternative strategies acting on the central nervous system with few side effects are urgently needed.We summarize the centralmechanisms of acupuncture in relieving VH to provide theoretical support for the clinical application of acupuncture in the treatment of VH in FGIDs.In this study,we retrieved the related articles from PubMed and Web of Science with the key words of“acupuncture,”“electroacupuncture,”and“visceral hypersensitivity.”According to the sensory conduction,perception,and emotion-related pathways involved in VH,we summarize the central mechanism of acupuncture in relieving VH from the perspectives of molecular biology and neuroimaging.The pathogenesis of VH in FGIDs involves the peripheral and central nervous systems,which are responsible for the transmission and perception of visceral sensations as well as the regulation of emotion.The widespread nature of VH indicates the involvement of the central nervous system.Acupuncture mediates the signaling pathways between the gastrointestinal tract and the brain to regulate gastrointestinal function and relieve VH.Acupuncture relieves VH by integrating multiple pathways and targets.The available studies in this field mainly focus on the regulation of a specific target or chemical transmitter by acupuncture,while the exact connection among these targets remains to be clarified by multilevel and multitarget studies.
