The island-based energy storage is of urgent need for the grid construction combined with renewable energy for offshore operation.The direct use of seawater as a substitute of deionized water shows its great promise f...The island-based energy storage is of urgent need for the grid construction combined with renewable energy for offshore operation.The direct use of seawater as a substitute of deionized water shows its great promise for aqueous zinc-ion batteries in such a specific situation.However,the metal corrosion,dendrite growth,and hydrogen evolution stand out in the harsh seawater environment.To address these challenges,we proposed a corrosion inhibitor that was effective in the field of metal anti-corrosion,2-phosphonobutane-1,2,4-tricarboxylic acid(PBTCA),to inhibit anode corrosion caused by Cl-and active H_(2)O molecules by forming a stable solid electrolyte interphase(SEI)film in the seawater-based electrolyte.Besides,PBTCA can chelate with other cations present in seawater,such as Ca^(2+)and Mg^(2+),thereby preventing the aggregation and precipitation of sparingly soluble species.Under a current density of5 mA cm^(-2),the seawater-based zinc-ion battery exhibited an exceptional cycle life exceeding 2000 h and maintained a Coulombic efficiency of over 99.6%after 2000 cycles.Additionally,the performance of the Zn||ZVO full battery was significantly enhanced with the addition of PBTCA.This study provides a simple,low-cost,and efficient approach for making the seawater-based zinc-ion batteries useable.展开更多
Deteriorating continuously,cybersecurity issue has become the focal point of global attention and the grave concern from countries of the world since around 2010.The United States,a country of most developed internet ...Deteriorating continuously,cybersecurity issue has become the focal point of global attention and the grave concern from countries of the world since around 2010.The United States,a country of most developed internet technology,is also the most serious victimized country subjected to cyber attacks.After more than 10 years of tremendous funding and energy investment,the United States,at present stage,has built a relatively impeccable,government-led system of cybersecurity strategy.This strategic system is characterized by a full-fledged combination of offensive and defensive capabilities which takes full advantage of America's technological superiority,and the primary purpose of this system is forming strategic deterrence.This paper is designed to provide an interpretation of the specific components and nature of this strategy and hopes to reveal the possible enlightenment on how to manage cybersecurity discrepancy between China and America and its constructive implication to China's construction of cybersecurity strategy.展开更多
基金the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Nos.2022YFB2404500 and 2021YFF0500600)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.52172223,52272230,52302300)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (No.2022M722361)。
文摘The island-based energy storage is of urgent need for the grid construction combined with renewable energy for offshore operation.The direct use of seawater as a substitute of deionized water shows its great promise for aqueous zinc-ion batteries in such a specific situation.However,the metal corrosion,dendrite growth,and hydrogen evolution stand out in the harsh seawater environment.To address these challenges,we proposed a corrosion inhibitor that was effective in the field of metal anti-corrosion,2-phosphonobutane-1,2,4-tricarboxylic acid(PBTCA),to inhibit anode corrosion caused by Cl-and active H_(2)O molecules by forming a stable solid electrolyte interphase(SEI)film in the seawater-based electrolyte.Besides,PBTCA can chelate with other cations present in seawater,such as Ca^(2+)and Mg^(2+),thereby preventing the aggregation and precipitation of sparingly soluble species.Under a current density of5 mA cm^(-2),the seawater-based zinc-ion battery exhibited an exceptional cycle life exceeding 2000 h and maintained a Coulombic efficiency of over 99.6%after 2000 cycles.Additionally,the performance of the Zn||ZVO full battery was significantly enhanced with the addition of PBTCA.This study provides a simple,low-cost,and efficient approach for making the seawater-based zinc-ion batteries useable.
文摘Deteriorating continuously,cybersecurity issue has become the focal point of global attention and the grave concern from countries of the world since around 2010.The United States,a country of most developed internet technology,is also the most serious victimized country subjected to cyber attacks.After more than 10 years of tremendous funding and energy investment,the United States,at present stage,has built a relatively impeccable,government-led system of cybersecurity strategy.This strategic system is characterized by a full-fledged combination of offensive and defensive capabilities which takes full advantage of America's technological superiority,and the primary purpose of this system is forming strategic deterrence.This paper is designed to provide an interpretation of the specific components and nature of this strategy and hopes to reveal the possible enlightenment on how to manage cybersecurity discrepancy between China and America and its constructive implication to China's construction of cybersecurity strategy.
