Introduction: Anemia and Ascaris infection are important indicators to reflect the health status of students. In this study, by investigating the current situation of low hemoglobin and positive rate of Ascaris eggs o...Introduction: Anemia and Ascaris infection are important indicators to reflect the health status of students. In this study, by investigating the current situation of low hemoglobin and positive rate of Ascaris eggs of primary and secondary school students in Hohhot, the health status of local primary and secondary school students is actually reflected. Objectives: To understand the prevalence of Low Hemoglobin and Ascaris infection among primary and secondary school students in Hohhot in 2015 and to give some suggestions on the health status of primary and secondary school students in Hohhot. Study Design: This project uses a cross-sectional study to investigate the distribution of disease and health status of primary and middle school students in Hohhot at a specific time, and to provide a clue to the cause of the hypothesis test. Methods: A stratified cluster random sampling method was used to select 4 districts, 4 counties and 1 flag in Hohhot, a total of 36 primary and secondary schools for sample survey. Cyanine HiCN and smear method is to detect hemoglobin and ascaris eggs positive. Results: In 2015, the positive rate of low hemoglobin in primary and secondary school students was 21.45% in urban and rural areas, 33.17% in urban and rural areas, 43.69% in rural areas, 13.59% in ascaris eggs, 10.69% in urban and rural areas, 7.81% in rural areas. There are geographical differences and gender differences between cities, urban-rural junctions and rural areas (p Conclusion: The prevalence of low hemoglobin in primary and secondary school students in Hohhot is high in rural areas. The detection rate of ascaris egg positive rate in the city is high. Monitoring, publicity and education should continue to be strengthened.展开更多
Objective: In this study, we aim to understand the nutritional status of students in poverty-stricken areas of Inner Mongolia and their links with academic performance and to provide a scientific basis for the designa...Objective: In this study, we aim to understand the nutritional status of students in poverty-stricken areas of Inner Mongolia and their links with academic performance and to provide a scientific basis for the designated nutrition intervention and health education in students. Methods: In Zhalaiteqi County students’ physical health survey data and learning achievement scores from 2012 to 2013 were selected as research data, and the nutritional status of the students was judged by statistical analysis of physical data. Results: The malnutrition rate was 22.21%, the overweight rate was 6.0%, and the obesity rate was 3.81% in 2012. The detection rate of the male normal group was 80.22%, and the detection rate of the female normal group was 75.63%. The difference was statistically significant (χ2 = 27.036 P Conclusion: The nutritional status of students in poverty-stricken areas in Inner Mongolia cannot be neglected. Weight loss and obesity have a negative impact on students’ academic performance. Effective measures should be taken to control the present situation.展开更多
Strong electron-donating dialkylamino groups were incoporated onto the phthalocyanine ligand in bis(phthalocyaninato)rare earth complexes for the first time to investigate their effects on the spectroscopic properties...Strong electron-donating dialkylamino groups were incoporated onto the phthalocyanine ligand in bis(phthalocyaninato)rare earth complexes for the first time to investigate their effects on the spectroscopic properties,electrochemistry,and electronic structure.展开更多
The past few years have witnessed the significant impacts of wearable electronics/photonics on various aspects of our daily life,for example,healthcare monitoring and treatment,ambient monitoring,soft robotics,prosthe...The past few years have witnessed the significant impacts of wearable electronics/photonics on various aspects of our daily life,for example,healthcare monitoring and treatment,ambient monitoring,soft robotics,prosthetics,flexible display,communication,human-machine interactions,and so on.According to the development in recent years,the next-generation wearable electronics and photonics are advancing rapidly toward the era of artificial intelligence(AI)and internet of things(IoT),to achieve a higher level of comfort,convenience,connection,and intelligence.Herein,this review provides an opportune overview of the recent progress in wearable electronics,photonics,and systems,in terms of emerging materials,transducing mechanisms,structural configurations,applications,and their further integration with other technologies.First,development of general wearable electronics and photonics is summarized for the applications of physical sensing,chemical sensing,humanmachine interaction,display,communication,and so on.Then self-sustainable wearable electronics/photonics and systems are discussed based on system integration with energy harvesting and storage technologies.Next,technology fusion of wearable systems and AI is reviewed,showing the emergence and rapid development of intelligent/smart systems.In the last section of this review,perspectives about the future development trends of the next-generation wearable electronics/photonics are provided,that is,toward multifunctional,self-sustainable,and intelligent wearable systems in the AI/IoT era.展开更多
Silicon photonic integrated circuits for telecommunication and data centers have been well studied in the past decade, and now most related efforts have been progressing toward commercialization. Scaling up the silico...Silicon photonic integrated circuits for telecommunication and data centers have been well studied in the past decade, and now most related efforts have been progressing toward commercialization. Scaling up the silicon-oninsulator(SOI)-based device dimensions in order to extend the operation wavelength to the short mid-infrared(MIR) range(2–4 μm) is attracting research interest, owing to the host of potential applications in lab-on-chip sensors, free space communications, and much more. Other material systems and technology platforms, including silicon-on-silicon nitride, germanium-on-silicon, germanium-on-SOI, germanium-on-silicon nitride, sapphireon-silicon, Si Ge alloy-on-silicon, and aluminum nitride-on-insulator are explored as well in order to realize low-loss waveguide devices for different MIR wavelengths. In this paper, we will comprehensively review silicon photonics for MIR applications, with regard to the state-of-the-art achievements from various device demonstrations in different material platforms by various groups. We will then introduce in detail of our institute's research and development efforts on the MIR photonic platforms as one case study. Meanwhile, we will discuss the integration schemes along with remaining challenges in devices(e.g., light source) and integration. A few application-oriented examples will be examined to illustrate the issues needing a critical solution toward the final production path(e.g., gas sensors). Finally, we will provide our assessment of the outlook of potential futureresearch topics and engineering challenges along with opportunities.展开更多
The era of artificial intelligence and internet of things is rapidly developed by recent advances in wearable electronics.Gait reveals sensory information in daily life containing personal information,regarding identi...The era of artificial intelligence and internet of things is rapidly developed by recent advances in wearable electronics.Gait reveals sensory information in daily life containing personal information,regarding identification and healthcare.Current wearable electronics of gait analysis are mainly limited by high fabrication cost,operation energy consumption,or inferior analysis methods,which barely involve machine learning or implement nonoptimal models that require massive datasets for training.Herein,we developed low-cost triboelectric intelligent socks for harvesting waste energy from low-frequency body motions to transmit wireless sensory data.The sock equipped with self-powered functionality also can be used as wearable sensors to deliver information,regarding the identity,health status,and activity of the users.To further address the issue of ineffective analysis methods,an optimized deep learning model with an end-to-end structure on the socks signals for the gait analysis is proposed,which produces a 93.54%identification accuracy of 13 participants and detects five different human activities with 96.67%accuracy.Toward practical application,we map the physical signals collected through the socks in the virtual space to establish a digital human system for sports monitoring,healthcare,identification,and future smart home applications.展开更多
Photonic integrated circuits(PICs)provide a promising platform for miniaturized on-chip optical systems for communication,computation,and sensing applications.The dense integration of photonic components is one of the...Photonic integrated circuits(PICs)provide a promising platform for miniaturized on-chip optical systems for communication,computation,and sensing applications.The dense integration of photonic components is one of the keys to exploit the advantages of PIC.Although light focusing is a fundamental and indispensable function in PICs,focusing light at the micro/nanometer-scale is challenging.Here,a bigradient on-chip metalens(BOML)is proposed to achieve ultrasmall focal lengths and spot sizes at the subwavelength scale for dense PICs.The design of BOML combines gradient geometry and gradient refractive index into one metalens by simultaneously engineering the length and width of subwavelength silicon slots.With a small device footprint of only 168μm,the BOML achieves efficient on-chip focusing with the recordbreaking figure-of-merits,which are the ratio of wavelength to focal length/spot size(0.268 and 2.83)and numerical aperture(1.78).Leveraging on the Fresnel design,the footprint of BOML is further reduced by 55.1%,and the numerical aperture is enhanced to 1.9.The demonstration of mode conversion and beam steering with efficiency over 80%and a tilting range of 7.2°holds the potential for highly dense on-chip photonic systems for optical communication,optical sensing,nonlinear optics,and neural networks for deep learning.展开更多
文摘Introduction: Anemia and Ascaris infection are important indicators to reflect the health status of students. In this study, by investigating the current situation of low hemoglobin and positive rate of Ascaris eggs of primary and secondary school students in Hohhot, the health status of local primary and secondary school students is actually reflected. Objectives: To understand the prevalence of Low Hemoglobin and Ascaris infection among primary and secondary school students in Hohhot in 2015 and to give some suggestions on the health status of primary and secondary school students in Hohhot. Study Design: This project uses a cross-sectional study to investigate the distribution of disease and health status of primary and middle school students in Hohhot at a specific time, and to provide a clue to the cause of the hypothesis test. Methods: A stratified cluster random sampling method was used to select 4 districts, 4 counties and 1 flag in Hohhot, a total of 36 primary and secondary schools for sample survey. Cyanine HiCN and smear method is to detect hemoglobin and ascaris eggs positive. Results: In 2015, the positive rate of low hemoglobin in primary and secondary school students was 21.45% in urban and rural areas, 33.17% in urban and rural areas, 43.69% in rural areas, 13.59% in ascaris eggs, 10.69% in urban and rural areas, 7.81% in rural areas. There are geographical differences and gender differences between cities, urban-rural junctions and rural areas (p Conclusion: The prevalence of low hemoglobin in primary and secondary school students in Hohhot is high in rural areas. The detection rate of ascaris egg positive rate in the city is high. Monitoring, publicity and education should continue to be strengthened.
文摘Objective: In this study, we aim to understand the nutritional status of students in poverty-stricken areas of Inner Mongolia and their links with academic performance and to provide a scientific basis for the designated nutrition intervention and health education in students. Methods: In Zhalaiteqi County students’ physical health survey data and learning achievement scores from 2012 to 2013 were selected as research data, and the nutritional status of the students was judged by statistical analysis of physical data. Results: The malnutrition rate was 22.21%, the overweight rate was 6.0%, and the obesity rate was 3.81% in 2012. The detection rate of the male normal group was 80.22%, and the detection rate of the female normal group was 75.63%. The difference was statistically significant (χ2 = 27.036 P Conclusion: The nutritional status of students in poverty-stricken areas in Inner Mongolia cannot be neglected. Weight loss and obesity have a negative impact on students’ academic performance. Effective measures should be taken to control the present situation.
基金support from the National Key Basic Research Program of China(Grant No.2013CB933402)the Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21290174,21631003,21671017,21301017,and 21401009)the Beijing Municipal Commission of Education,and the University of Science and Technology Beijing is gratefully acknowledged.
文摘Strong electron-donating dialkylamino groups were incoporated onto the phthalocyanine ligand in bis(phthalocyaninato)rare earth complexes for the first time to investigate their effects on the spectroscopic properties,electrochemistry,and electronic structure.
基金Agency for Science,Technology and Research,Grant/Award Number:A18A4b0055R-263-000-C91-305+2 种基金National Research Foundation Singapore,Grant/Award Number:AISG-GC-2019-002NRF-CRP15-2015-02National University of Singapore,Grant/Award Number:HIFES Seed Funding-2017-01。
文摘The past few years have witnessed the significant impacts of wearable electronics/photonics on various aspects of our daily life,for example,healthcare monitoring and treatment,ambient monitoring,soft robotics,prosthetics,flexible display,communication,human-machine interactions,and so on.According to the development in recent years,the next-generation wearable electronics and photonics are advancing rapidly toward the era of artificial intelligence(AI)and internet of things(IoT),to achieve a higher level of comfort,convenience,connection,and intelligence.Herein,this review provides an opportune overview of the recent progress in wearable electronics,photonics,and systems,in terms of emerging materials,transducing mechanisms,structural configurations,applications,and their further integration with other technologies.First,development of general wearable electronics and photonics is summarized for the applications of physical sensing,chemical sensing,humanmachine interaction,display,communication,and so on.Then self-sustainable wearable electronics/photonics and systems are discussed based on system integration with energy harvesting and storage technologies.Next,technology fusion of wearable systems and AI is reviewed,showing the emergence and rapid development of intelligent/smart systems.In the last section of this review,perspectives about the future development trends of the next-generation wearable electronics/photonics are provided,that is,toward multifunctional,self-sustainable,and intelligent wearable systems in the AI/IoT era.
文摘Silicon photonic integrated circuits for telecommunication and data centers have been well studied in the past decade, and now most related efforts have been progressing toward commercialization. Scaling up the silicon-oninsulator(SOI)-based device dimensions in order to extend the operation wavelength to the short mid-infrared(MIR) range(2–4 μm) is attracting research interest, owing to the host of potential applications in lab-on-chip sensors, free space communications, and much more. Other material systems and technology platforms, including silicon-on-silicon nitride, germanium-on-silicon, germanium-on-SOI, germanium-on-silicon nitride, sapphireon-silicon, Si Ge alloy-on-silicon, and aluminum nitride-on-insulator are explored as well in order to realize low-loss waveguide devices for different MIR wavelengths. In this paper, we will comprehensively review silicon photonics for MIR applications, with regard to the state-of-the-art achievements from various device demonstrations in different material platforms by various groups. We will then introduce in detail of our institute's research and development efforts on the MIR photonic platforms as one case study. Meanwhile, we will discuss the integration schemes along with remaining challenges in devices(e.g., light source) and integration. A few application-oriented examples will be examined to illustrate the issues needing a critical solution toward the final production path(e.g., gas sensors). Finally, we will provide our assessment of the outlook of potential futureresearch topics and engineering challenges along with opportunities.
基金This research is supported by the National Research Foundation Singapore under its AI Singapore Programme(Award Number:AISG-GC-2019-002)National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2019YFB2004800 and Project No.R-2020-S-002).
文摘The era of artificial intelligence and internet of things is rapidly developed by recent advances in wearable electronics.Gait reveals sensory information in daily life containing personal information,regarding identification and healthcare.Current wearable electronics of gait analysis are mainly limited by high fabrication cost,operation energy consumption,or inferior analysis methods,which barely involve machine learning or implement nonoptimal models that require massive datasets for training.Herein,we developed low-cost triboelectric intelligent socks for harvesting waste energy from low-frequency body motions to transmit wireless sensory data.The sock equipped with self-powered functionality also can be used as wearable sensors to deliver information,regarding the identity,health status,and activity of the users.To further address the issue of ineffective analysis methods,an optimized deep learning model with an end-to-end structure on the socks signals for the gait analysis is proposed,which produces a 93.54%identification accuracy of 13 participants and detects five different human activities with 96.67%accuracy.Toward practical application,we map the physical signals collected through the socks in the virtual space to establish a digital human system for sports monitoring,healthcare,identification,and future smart home applications.
基金Advanced Research and Technology Innovation CentreA*STAR,Grant/Award Number:A18A5b0056+1 种基金National Research Foundation-Singapore,Grant/Award Numbers:NRF-CRP15-2015-02,RIE2020-AME-2019National University of Singapore,Grant/Award Number:R261-518-009-720。
文摘Photonic integrated circuits(PICs)provide a promising platform for miniaturized on-chip optical systems for communication,computation,and sensing applications.The dense integration of photonic components is one of the keys to exploit the advantages of PIC.Although light focusing is a fundamental and indispensable function in PICs,focusing light at the micro/nanometer-scale is challenging.Here,a bigradient on-chip metalens(BOML)is proposed to achieve ultrasmall focal lengths and spot sizes at the subwavelength scale for dense PICs.The design of BOML combines gradient geometry and gradient refractive index into one metalens by simultaneously engineering the length and width of subwavelength silicon slots.With a small device footprint of only 168μm,the BOML achieves efficient on-chip focusing with the recordbreaking figure-of-merits,which are the ratio of wavelength to focal length/spot size(0.268 and 2.83)and numerical aperture(1.78).Leveraging on the Fresnel design,the footprint of BOML is further reduced by 55.1%,and the numerical aperture is enhanced to 1.9.The demonstration of mode conversion and beam steering with efficiency over 80%and a tilting range of 7.2°holds the potential for highly dense on-chip photonic systems for optical communication,optical sensing,nonlinear optics,and neural networks for deep learning.
