Onion(Alliumcepa L.)is a widely cultivated vegetable valued for its taste,aroma,and nutritional content.Biostimulants(BTs)are substances that stimulate plant growth and development.This study explores the impact of BT...Onion(Alliumcepa L.)is a widely cultivated vegetable valued for its taste,aroma,and nutritional content.Biostimulants(BTs)are substances that stimulate plant growth and development.This study explores the impact of BTs and nitrogen(N)fertilization on the yield and nutrient use efficiency of directly seeded onions,addressing the challenges of excessive N application and promoting sustainable practices.A two-year field experiment was conducted using a split-plot design with three replications.Treatments included a control(C),a seaweed extract-based BT(T1),humic and fulvic acids(T2),and Trichoderma spp.(T3).N rates applied were 64 kg N/ha(N1),100 kg N/ha(N2),150 kg N/ha as the standard(NS),and 200 kg N/ha(N3).Compared to the C×NS treatment,T1×N1 increased yield by 7.6%with a saving of 50 kgN/ha;T2×N3 increased yield by 19.4%;and T3×N1 increased yield by 11.7%with a saving of 86 kgN/ha.The T2 treatment reducedNuptake under excessiveNrate(T2×N3),indicating a potential protective effect against stress induced by high N levels.Treatment with T1 improved nutrient use efficiency(NUtE,PUtE,KUtE)and partial factor productivity(PFP)under reduced N conditions(T1×N1).The study advises farmers to apply T3 under reducedNrates(N1 andN2)to improve yield and highlights that all three BTs enhance nutrient use efficiency,providing promising strategies to boost onion productivity while minimizing nutrient losses in direct seeding cultivation.展开更多
基金The support of the Ministry of Education,Science,and Technological Development of the Republic of Serbia(contract No.451-03-137/2025-03/200117,and No.451-03-4551/2024-04/17)is also gratefully acknowledged。
文摘Onion(Alliumcepa L.)is a widely cultivated vegetable valued for its taste,aroma,and nutritional content.Biostimulants(BTs)are substances that stimulate plant growth and development.This study explores the impact of BTs and nitrogen(N)fertilization on the yield and nutrient use efficiency of directly seeded onions,addressing the challenges of excessive N application and promoting sustainable practices.A two-year field experiment was conducted using a split-plot design with three replications.Treatments included a control(C),a seaweed extract-based BT(T1),humic and fulvic acids(T2),and Trichoderma spp.(T3).N rates applied were 64 kg N/ha(N1),100 kg N/ha(N2),150 kg N/ha as the standard(NS),and 200 kg N/ha(N3).Compared to the C×NS treatment,T1×N1 increased yield by 7.6%with a saving of 50 kgN/ha;T2×N3 increased yield by 19.4%;and T3×N1 increased yield by 11.7%with a saving of 86 kgN/ha.The T2 treatment reducedNuptake under excessiveNrate(T2×N3),indicating a potential protective effect against stress induced by high N levels.Treatment with T1 improved nutrient use efficiency(NUtE,PUtE,KUtE)and partial factor productivity(PFP)under reduced N conditions(T1×N1).The study advises farmers to apply T3 under reducedNrates(N1 andN2)to improve yield and highlights that all three BTs enhance nutrient use efficiency,providing promising strategies to boost onion productivity while minimizing nutrient losses in direct seeding cultivation.
