We investigated the effects of adding up to 11% rice bran(RB) in corn-soybean meal diets fed to broiler chickens without or with a multi-enzyme supplement(MES). The MES supplied xylanase, b-glucanase invertase, protea...We investigated the effects of adding up to 11% rice bran(RB) in corn-soybean meal diets fed to broiler chickens without or with a multi-enzyme supplement(MES). The MES supplied xylanase, b-glucanase invertase, protease, cellulase, a-amylase and mannanase with targeted activity of 2,500, 300, 700, 10,0001,200, 24,000, and 20 U/kg of feed, respectively. The study used a two-phase feeding program(starter d 0 to 24; finisher, d 25 to 35) with RB added at 5% and 11%, respectively creating 4 diets in each phase Diets were iso-caloric and iso-nitrogenous and contained phytase(500 FTU/kg) and TiO_2 as a digestibility marker. Three hundred and sixty d-old male Ross 708 broiler chicks were placed in cages based on BW(15 birds/cage) and allocated to 4 diets(n = 6). Birds had free access to feed and water. Body weight and feed intake were recorded. Excreta samples were collected 3 d prior to the end of each phase for apparent retention(AR) of components. Samples of birds were sacrificed on d 24 and 35 for gut weight and ceca digesta for organic acid content. There was no interaction(P > 0.10) between RB and MES on BWG and FCR in starter or finisher phase. In finisher phase, birds fed MES had better BWG(961 versus 858 g) and FCR(1.69 versus 1.86) than birds fed non-MES diets(P < 0.01). Feeding RB reduced(P = 0.02) BWG in finisher phase resulting in lower d 35 BW. Birds fed RB had higher(P 0.01) gizzard weight on d 24 and 35 than non-RB birds. An interaction(P 0.01) between RB and MES on concentrations of propionic and iso-butyric acids in ceca digesta showed that MES reduced these acids in non-RB diet. The AR of gross energy was higher(P < 0.02) for MES versus non-MES birds in starter and finisher phases. In conclusion independently, RB increased gizzard weight and reduced final BW whereas MES improved growth and energy utilization.展开更多
This study investigated the effects of dietary replacement of soybean meal(SBM)with graded levels of pea seeds(PS)on the gastrointestinal function of turkeys.Seeds of 2 pea varieties,a colored-flowered variety and a w...This study investigated the effects of dietary replacement of soybean meal(SBM)with graded levels of pea seeds(PS)on the gastrointestinal function of turkeys.Seeds of 2 pea varieties,a colored-flowered variety and a white-flowered variety(CFP and WFP,respectively)were fed to 56-d-old birds for 8 wk.A total of 539 female Hybrid turkeys were allocated to 7 groups,each group consisted of 7 pens with 11 birds per pen.The experiment had a 2-factorial design,with 3 dietary inclusion levels of PS(100,200 and 300 g/kg)and 2 pea varieties(CFP and WFP).The control group(diets without PS)was compared with CFP and WFP treatments by simple contrast analysis.In comparison with CFP seeds,WFP seeds contained 7-fold less tannins(0.67 vs.4.66 g/kg)and less non-starch polysaccharides(NSP,117.8 vs.132.7 g/kg),but more trypsin inhibitors(1.34 vs.0.98 g/kg)and starch(489 vs.455 g/kg).A rise in the PS content of diets from 100 to 200 and 300 g/kg increased the weight of the small intestine(P=0.031)and the dry matter(DM)content of intestinal digesta(P=0.001),but it had no effect on the pH of digesta.Only the highest PS content differentiated the concentrations of short-chain fatty acids(SCFAs)in the small intestinal digesta(WFP>CFP,P=0.008),whereas PS did not cause any changes in the morphological parameters of the small intestinal mucosa.The dietary inclusion of PS had no influence on the levels of acetate,butyrate,putrefactive SCFAs or total SCFAs in the cecal contents.Apart from increasing the activities of b-glucosidase(P=0.017)and b-galactosidase(P=0.025),pea varieties did not affect the activities of the analyzed cecal microbial enzymes.However,CFP seeds decreased the DM content(P=0.041)and increased the pH of cecal digesta,compared with WFP seeds(P=0.013).The results of this study,pointing to a few differences in the functional parameters of the small intestine and cecum,indicate that tannins are not a factor differentiating the suitability of CFP and WFP seeds in the nutrition of finisher turkeys.The inclusion of PS at 200 and 300 g/kg of the diet reduces the content of SBM and wheat in turkey diets,which has a positive effect on gastrointestinal function.展开更多
基金financially provisioned by the National Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada(NSERC,Ottawa,Canada,#CRDPJ522371-17)Ontario Agri-Food Innovation Alliance(Ontario,Canada,#UofG2016-2531)Canadian Bio-Systems Inc.(Calgary,Canada,#053740)
文摘We investigated the effects of adding up to 11% rice bran(RB) in corn-soybean meal diets fed to broiler chickens without or with a multi-enzyme supplement(MES). The MES supplied xylanase, b-glucanase invertase, protease, cellulase, a-amylase and mannanase with targeted activity of 2,500, 300, 700, 10,0001,200, 24,000, and 20 U/kg of feed, respectively. The study used a two-phase feeding program(starter d 0 to 24; finisher, d 25 to 35) with RB added at 5% and 11%, respectively creating 4 diets in each phase Diets were iso-caloric and iso-nitrogenous and contained phytase(500 FTU/kg) and TiO_2 as a digestibility marker. Three hundred and sixty d-old male Ross 708 broiler chicks were placed in cages based on BW(15 birds/cage) and allocated to 4 diets(n = 6). Birds had free access to feed and water. Body weight and feed intake were recorded. Excreta samples were collected 3 d prior to the end of each phase for apparent retention(AR) of components. Samples of birds were sacrificed on d 24 and 35 for gut weight and ceca digesta for organic acid content. There was no interaction(P > 0.10) between RB and MES on BWG and FCR in starter or finisher phase. In finisher phase, birds fed MES had better BWG(961 versus 858 g) and FCR(1.69 versus 1.86) than birds fed non-MES diets(P < 0.01). Feeding RB reduced(P = 0.02) BWG in finisher phase resulting in lower d 35 BW. Birds fed RB had higher(P 0.01) gizzard weight on d 24 and 35 than non-RB birds. An interaction(P 0.01) between RB and MES on concentrations of propionic and iso-butyric acids in ceca digesta showed that MES reduced these acids in non-RB diet. The AR of gross energy was higher(P < 0.02) for MES versus non-MES birds in starter and finisher phases. In conclusion independently, RB increased gizzard weight and reduced final BW whereas MES improved growth and energy utilization.
基金the Polish Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development under the“Improvement of Native Plant Protein Sources,Their Production,Trade Turnover and Utilization in Animal Feeds”program and partially by the Minister of Science and Higher Education under the project“Regional Initiative of Excellence”(No.010/RID/2018/19)。
文摘This study investigated the effects of dietary replacement of soybean meal(SBM)with graded levels of pea seeds(PS)on the gastrointestinal function of turkeys.Seeds of 2 pea varieties,a colored-flowered variety and a white-flowered variety(CFP and WFP,respectively)were fed to 56-d-old birds for 8 wk.A total of 539 female Hybrid turkeys were allocated to 7 groups,each group consisted of 7 pens with 11 birds per pen.The experiment had a 2-factorial design,with 3 dietary inclusion levels of PS(100,200 and 300 g/kg)and 2 pea varieties(CFP and WFP).The control group(diets without PS)was compared with CFP and WFP treatments by simple contrast analysis.In comparison with CFP seeds,WFP seeds contained 7-fold less tannins(0.67 vs.4.66 g/kg)and less non-starch polysaccharides(NSP,117.8 vs.132.7 g/kg),but more trypsin inhibitors(1.34 vs.0.98 g/kg)and starch(489 vs.455 g/kg).A rise in the PS content of diets from 100 to 200 and 300 g/kg increased the weight of the small intestine(P=0.031)and the dry matter(DM)content of intestinal digesta(P=0.001),but it had no effect on the pH of digesta.Only the highest PS content differentiated the concentrations of short-chain fatty acids(SCFAs)in the small intestinal digesta(WFP>CFP,P=0.008),whereas PS did not cause any changes in the morphological parameters of the small intestinal mucosa.The dietary inclusion of PS had no influence on the levels of acetate,butyrate,putrefactive SCFAs or total SCFAs in the cecal contents.Apart from increasing the activities of b-glucosidase(P=0.017)and b-galactosidase(P=0.025),pea varieties did not affect the activities of the analyzed cecal microbial enzymes.However,CFP seeds decreased the DM content(P=0.041)and increased the pH of cecal digesta,compared with WFP seeds(P=0.013).The results of this study,pointing to a few differences in the functional parameters of the small intestine and cecum,indicate that tannins are not a factor differentiating the suitability of CFP and WFP seeds in the nutrition of finisher turkeys.The inclusion of PS at 200 and 300 g/kg of the diet reduces the content of SBM and wheat in turkey diets,which has a positive effect on gastrointestinal function.
