Objective:This study aimed to assess the feasibility and safety of the SHURUI single-port robotic surgical system for a range of major urological surgeries.Methods:In this prospective,multicenter clinical trial,we exa...Objective:This study aimed to assess the feasibility and safety of the SHURUI single-port robotic surgical system for a range of major urological surgeries.Methods:In this prospective,multicenter clinical trial,we examined the effectiveness of the SHURUI single-port robotic surgical system in urological interventions.The first 50 patients from four centers in China underwent single-port surgeries including partial nephrectomy,radical prostatectomy,partial adrenalectomy,and pyeloureteroplasty,exclusively by the SHURUI single-port robotic surgical system.The study's primary endpoints focused on the success of surgeries,defined as no deviations from planned procedures,no need for more than one port,and no re-operations within 24 h after surgery.Secondary endpoints encompassed a range of surgical metrics,functional outcomes,and patient demographic data.Clinical assessments were conducted before surgery,before discharge,and 1 month after discharge.Results:The surgical procedures were executed successfully without requiring intraoperative conversions or transfusions.Both estimated blood loss and operation durations were maintained within satisfactory limits.For each type of surgery,the mean console times and estimated blood loss were 179.8(standard deviation[SD]39.4)min and 125.6(SD 126.0)mL for radical prostatectomy,126.7(SD 47.8)min and 39.2(SD 54.4)mL for partial nephrectomy,112.6(SD 37.4)min and 20.0(SD 13.2)mL for partial adrenalectomy,and 148.0(SD 18.2)min and 18.0(SD 17.9)mL for pyeloureteroplasty,respectively.Across the cohort,17 patients experienced a total of 25 adverse events,while 10 postoperative complications,all rated as Clavien-Dindo grade I,were encountered by eight patients.All patients had shown recovery or improvement from these events before the end of this trial.Conclusion:The SHURUI single-port robotic surgical system demonstrated feasibility and safety in the performance of major urological surgeries.These initial findings highlight the system's potential,though further research and longer follow-up are required to assess long-term outcomes.展开更多
This study endeavors to investigate the effects of Bifidobacterium breve CCFM1078 on bone formation and resorption balance in growing BALB/c mice.Newborn BALB/c mice were assigned to the control group(administration s...This study endeavors to investigate the effects of Bifidobacterium breve CCFM1078 on bone formation and resorption balance in growing BALB/c mice.Newborn BALB/c mice were assigned to the control group(administration saline)and the CCFM1078 group(administration B.breve CCFM1078,3×10^(9) CFU/day)in 3-,4-,and 5-week tests.All the groups have male and female distinctions.Our findings demonstrate that B.breve CCFM1078 exerts on the dynamic equilibrium between bone formation and resorption during the critical period of growth in mice by modulating the composition of gut microbiota and metabolites(hexadecanamide,linoleoyl ethanolamide,and palmitoyl ethanolamide),the genes and proteins expression related to the growth hormone(GH)/insulin-like growth factors-1(IGF-1)axis and Gs/PKA/CREB signaling pathways,as well as downstream osteogenic and osteoclastic differentiation factors.The effects of B.breve CCFM1078 were different with age and gender dependent.This finding suggests B.breve CCFM1078 may have potential applications in regulating bone metabolism in the growth period population.展开更多
随着科学智能(artificial intelligence for science,AI4S)的兴起,属性图优化已逐渐成为连接图机器学习与生物医药、新材料等战略新兴领域的关键纽带,并展现出广阔的应用场景。针对传统优化方法在领域知识融合方面的不足,以及由此引发...随着科学智能(artificial intelligence for science,AI4S)的兴起,属性图优化已逐渐成为连接图机器学习与生物医药、新材料等战略新兴领域的关键纽带,并展现出广阔的应用场景。针对传统优化方法在领域知识融合方面的不足,以及由此引发的建模与实际场景脱节、黑盒评估效率低下、优化过程可控性不足等重要挑战,本研究对面向科学智能的属性图优化相关前沿技术进行了系统综述。本研究首先深入剖析属性图的建模与表示方法,探讨如何通过更精准的图表示机制提升模型对具体科学任务的适配性;进而,解析黑盒优化与深度代理模型的基本原理,探讨如何实现对黑盒评估过程的高效近似,提升模型整体的效率与精度;最后,重点探讨大语言模型(large language models,LLMs)在领域知识注入和决策辅助方面的作用机制,以增强优化过程的可解释性与可控性。开展面向科学智能的属性图优化研究,不仅有助于推动计算机科学与各学科的深度交叉融合,更能加速图机器学习技术在解决多领域实际科学问题的落地进程,创造更大的经济与社会效益。展开更多
That herbs with the"hot"property used to treat"cold"syndromes is a guiding principle of clinical prescription and medication in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM).However,this theory of TCM is still...That herbs with the"hot"property used to treat"cold"syndromes is a guiding principle of clinical prescription and medication in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM).However,this theory of TCM is still in the‘black box'stage,and few in-depth studies have examined the biological mechanisms underpinning the hot properties of herbs.展开更多
1 Introduction Amid escalating global climate change,the“dual carbon”goals of carbon peak and carbon neutrality have become a focal point of global attention and an important strategy for sustainable development[1]....1 Introduction Amid escalating global climate change,the“dual carbon”goals of carbon peak and carbon neutrality have become a focal point of global attention and an important strategy for sustainable development[1].With the rapid development of renewable energy technologies and the increasing public demand for environmental protection and low-carbon living,the adoption of new energy vehicles,particularly electric vehicles(EVs).展开更多
The ability of cyborg locusts to achieve directional movement in complex outdoor environments is critical for search and rescue missions.Currently,there is a lack of research on motion control for cyborg locusts in ou...The ability of cyborg locusts to achieve directional movement in complex outdoor environments is critical for search and rescue missions.Currently,there is a lack of research on motion control for cyborg locusts in outdoor settings.In this study,we developed cyborg locusts capable of performing directional locomotion in intricate outdoor environments,including jumping over obstacles,climbing slopes,traversing narrow pipelines,and accurately reaching predetermined targets along specified routes.We designed a miniature electrical backpack(10 mm×10 mm,0.75 g)capable of receiving stimulus parameters(frequency,duty ratio,and stimulation time)via Bluetooth commands from mobile phones.Electrical stimulation of locust sensory organs,such as the antennae and cercus,induced turning and jumping behaviors.Experi-mental testing of locust movement control was conducted under outdoor conditions with a short electrical stimulation interval.Results showed a positive correlation between locust turning angles and electrical stimulation parameters within a specified range,with an average jumping height exceeding 10 cm.Additionally,the success rate of locust turning and jumping behaviors correlated positively with the interval time between electrical stimulations.Adjusting these intervals during forward crawling phases increased the likelihood of the locusts jumping again.In conclusion,this study success-fully achieved directional locomotion control of cyborg locusts outdoors,providing insights and references for advancing search and rescue capabilities.展开更多
In this paper,we present the second post-Newtonian solution for the quasi-Keplerian motion of a test particle in the regular Simpson–Visser black-bounce spacetime which has a bounce parameter a.The obtained solution ...In this paper,we present the second post-Newtonian solution for the quasi-Keplerian motion of a test particle in the regular Simpson–Visser black-bounce spacetime which has a bounce parameter a.The obtained solution is formulated in terms of orbital energy,angular momentum,and the bounce parameter of the black hole.We explicitly analyze the leading effects of the bounce parameter which has dimensions of length,on the test particle’s orbit,including the periastron advance and orbital period.Then,we apply this model to the precessing motion of OJ 287 and determine the upper limits of the dimensionless bounce parameter as a/m=3.45±0.01,where m is the mass of the regular black hole.Compared with the bound given by the periastron advance of star S2,our bound on a/m is reduced by one order of magnitude,although our upper limit of a still needs further improvement.展开更多
Few studies have investigated alterations in the immune cell microenvironment of the dorsal root ganglia following spinal cord injury and whether these modifications facilitate axonal regeneration.In this study,we use...Few studies have investigated alterations in the immune cell microenvironment of the dorsal root ganglia following spinal cord injury and whether these modifications facilitate axonal regeneration.In this study,we used a single-cell RNA sequencing dataset to create a comprehensive profile of the diverse cell types in the dorsal root ganglia and spinal cord of a mid-thoracic contusion injury model in cynomolgus monkeys.Cell communication analysis indicated that specific signaling events among various dorsal root ganglia cell types occur in response to spinal cord injury.Single-cell analysis using dimensionality reduction clustering identified distinct molecular signatures for nine cell types,including macrophage subpopulations,and differential gene expression profiles between dorsal root ganglia cells and spinal cord cells following spinal cord injury.The macrophage subpopulations were categorized into 11 clusters(MC0-MC10)based on differentially expressed genes,with the top 10 genes being ABCA6,RBMS3,EBF1,LAMA4,ANTXR2,LAMA2,SOX5,FOXP2,GHR,and APOD.MC0,MC1,and MC2 constituted the predominant macrophage populations.MC4,MC6,and MC9 were nearly absent in the spinal cord,but exhibited significant increases in the dorsal root ganglia post-spinal cord injury.Notably,these subpopulations possess a strong capacity for regulating axonal regeneration.The developmental progression of dorsal root ganglia macrophages after spinal cord injury was elucidated using cell trajectory and pseudo-time analyses.Genes such as EBF1(MC6 and MC9 marker),RBMS3(MC6 and MC9 marker),and ABCA6(MC6 marker)showed high expression levels in the critical pathways of macrophage function.Through ligand-receptor pair analysis,we determined that the effects of macrophages on microglia are predominantly mediated through interaction pairs(e.g.,SPP1-CD44,LAMC1-CD44,and FN1-CD44),potentially facilitating specific cellular communications within the immune microenvironment.The single-cell RNA sequencing dataset used in this study represents the first comprehensive transcriptional analysis of the dorsal root ganglia after spinal cord injury in cynomolgus monkeys,encompassing nearly all cell types within the dorsal root ganglia region.Using this dataset,we evaluated diverse subtypes of macrophages in the post-spinal cord injury dorsal root ganglia area and examined the signaling pathways that facilitate interactions among immune response-related macrophages in the dorsal root ganglia.Findings from this study provide a theoretical basis for understanding how the immune microenvironment influences the regenerative capacity of dorsal root ganglia neurons after spinal cord injury and offer novel insights into the complex processes underlying the pathobiology of spinal cord injury.展开更多
An optimized volt-ampere reactive(VAR)control framework is proposed for transmission-level power systems to simultaneously mitigate voltage deviations and active-power losses through coordinated control of large-scale...An optimized volt-ampere reactive(VAR)control framework is proposed for transmission-level power systems to simultaneously mitigate voltage deviations and active-power losses through coordinated control of large-scale wind/solar farms with shunt static var generators(SVGs).The model explicitly represents reactive-power regulation characteristics of doubly-fed wind turbines and PV inverters under real-time meteorological conditions,and quantifies SVG high-speed compensation capability,enabling seamless transition from localized VAR management to a globally coordinated strategy.An enhanced adaptive gain-sharing knowledge optimizer(AGSK-SD)integrates simulated annealing and diversity maintenance to autonomously tune voltage-control actions,renewable source reactive-power set-points,and SVG output.The algorithm adaptively modulates knowledge factors and ratios across search phases,performs SA-based fine-grained local exploitation,and periodically re-injects population diversity to prevent premature convergence.Comprehensive tests on IEEE 9-bus and 39-bus systems demonstrate AGSK-SD’s superiority over NSGA-II and MOPSO in hypervolume(HV),inverse generative distance(IGD),and spread metrics while maintaining acceptable computational burden.The method reduces network losses from 2.7191 to 2.15 MW(20.79%reduction)and from 15.1891 to 11.22 MW(26.16%reduction)in the 9-bus and 39-bus systems respectively.Simultaneously,the cumulative voltage-deviation index decreases from 0.0277 to 3.42×10^(−4) p.u.(98.77%reduction)in the 9-bus system,and from 0.0556 to 0.0107 p.u.(80.76%reduction)in the 39-bus system.These improvements demonstrate significant suppression of line losses and voltage fluctuations.Comparative analysis with traditional heuristic optimization algorithms confirms the superior performance of the proposed approach.展开更多
Carbohydrate partitioning from source to sink tissues is essential for plant growth and development.However,in maize(Zea mays L.),the molecular mechanisms by which callose synthase genes regulate this process remain l...Carbohydrate partitioning from source to sink tissues is essential for plant growth and development.However,in maize(Zea mays L.),the molecular mechanisms by which callose synthase genes regulate this process remain largely unexplored.This study demonstrates that mutation of maize callose synthase12(Zm Cals12)results in increased carbohydrate accumulation in photosynthetic leaves but decreased carbohydrate content in sink tissues,leading to plant dwarfing and male sterility.Histochemical β-glucuronidase(GUS)activity assay and m RNA in situ hybridization(ISH)revealed that Zm Cals12 expression mainly occurs in the vascular transport system.Zm Cals12 loss-of-function decreased callose synthase activity and callose deposition in plasmodesmatas(PDs)and surrounding phloem cells(PCs)of the vascular bundle.The drop-and-see(DANS)assay indicated reduced PD permeability in photosynthetic cells and diminished transport competence of leaf veins in Zmcals12 mutants,resulting in decreased symplastic transport.Paraffin section analysis revealed that less-developed vascular cells(VCs)in Zmcals12 mutants likely disrupted sugar transport,contributing to the pleiotropic phenotype.Furthermore,impaired sugar transport inhibited internode development by suppressing auxin(IAA)biosynthesis and signaling in Zmcals12 mutant.These findings elucidate the mechanism by which Zm Cals12-mediated callose deposition and symplastic transport regulate maize growth and development.展开更多
This study aimed to investigate the effects of infant feces-derived Bifidobacterium breve CCFM1078 on rheumatoid cachexia(RC).Twenty-four female Wistar rats were assigned to 3 groups:CON group(normal saline by gavage)...This study aimed to investigate the effects of infant feces-derived Bifidobacterium breve CCFM1078 on rheumatoid cachexia(RC).Twenty-four female Wistar rats were assigned to 3 groups:CON group(normal saline by gavage),CIA group(collagen-induced arthritis(CIA),normal saline by gavage),and CCFM1078 group(CIA,3×10^(9)CFU/(rat·day)B.breve CCFM1078 gavage).The results demonstrated that B.breve CCFM1078 not only improved skeletal muscle function in CIA rats,but also modulated the gut microbiota,skeletal muscle metabolism and hormone levels,reduced inflammation in the knee joint and skeletal muscles,decreased activity of the nuclear factor κB(NF-κB)inflammatory signaling pathway,enhanced the insulin receptor substrate 1(IRS1)/phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase(PI3K/Akt)signaling pathway,promoted skeletal muscle differentiation,and maintained skeletal muscle fiber diameter,consequently slowing down the progression of RC.These findings suggested that B.breve CCFM1078 may have a beneficial role as part of a dietary intervention for RC,enhancing overall therapeutic effects.展开更多
Continuous monitoring of biosignals is essential for advancing early disease detection,personalized treatment,and health management.Flexible electronics,capable of accurately monitoring biosignals in daily life,have g...Continuous monitoring of biosignals is essential for advancing early disease detection,personalized treatment,and health management.Flexible electronics,capable of accurately monitoring biosignals in daily life,have garnered considerable attention due to their softness,conformability,and biocompatibility.However,several challenges remain,including imperfect skin-device interfaces,limited breathability,and insufficient mechanoelectrical stability.On-skin epidermal electronics,distinguished by their excellent conformability,breathability,and mechanoelectrical robustness,offer a promising solution for high-fidelity,long-term health monitoring.These devices can seamlessly integrate with the human body,leading to transformative advancements in future personalized healthcare.This review provides a systematic examination of recent advancements in on-skin epidermal electronics,with particular emphasis on critical aspects including material science,structural design,desired properties,and practical applications.We explore various materials,considering their properties and the corresponding structural designs developed to construct high-performance epidermal electronics.We then discuss different approaches for achieving the desired device properties necessary for long-term health monitoring,including adhesiveness,breathability,and mechanoelectrical stability.Additionally,we summarize the diverse applications of these devices in monitoring biophysical and physiological signals.Finally,we address the challenges facing these devices and outline future prospects,offering insights into the ongoing development of on-skin epidermal electronics for long-term health monitoring.展开更多
Robust teleoperation in image-guided interventions faces critical challenges from latency,deformation,and the quasi-periodic nature of physiological motion.This paper presents a fully integrated,latency-aware visual s...Robust teleoperation in image-guided interventions faces critical challenges from latency,deformation,and the quasi-periodic nature of physiological motion.This paper presents a fully integrated,latency-aware visual servoing system leveraging stereo vision,hand–eye calibration,and learning-based prediction for motion-compensated teleoperation.The system combines a calibrated binocular camera setup,dual robotic arms,and a predictive control loop incorporating Long Short-Term Memory(LSTM)and Temporal Convolutional Network(TCN)models.Through experiments using both in vivo and phantom datasets,we quantitatively assess the prediction accuracy and motion-compensation performance of both models.Results show that TCNs deliver more stable and precise tracking,especially on regular trajectories,while LSTMs exhibit robustness under quasi-periodic dynamics.By matching prediction horizons to system latency,the approach significantly reduces peak and steady-state tracking errors,demonstrating practical feasibility for deploying prediction-augmented servoing in teleoperated surgical.展开更多
Rhodioloside has been shown to protect cells from hypoxia injury,and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells have a good effect on tissue repair.To study the effects of rhodioloside and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells o...Rhodioloside has been shown to protect cells from hypoxia injury,and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells have a good effect on tissue repair.To study the effects of rhodioloside and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells on spinal cord injury,a rat model of spinal cord injury was established using the Infinite Horizons method.After establishing the model,the rats were randomly divided into five groups.Rats in the control group were intragastrically injected with phosphate buffered saline(PBS)(5μL).PBS was injected at 6 equidistant points around 5 mm from the injury site and at a depth of 5 mm.Rats in the rhodioloside group were intragastrically injected with rhodioloside(5 g/kg)and intramuscularly injected with PBS.Rats in the mesenchymal stem cell(MSC)group were intramuscularly injected with PBS and intramuscularly with MSCs(8×10^6/mL in a 50-μL cell suspension).Rats in the Ad-HIF-MSC group were intragastrically injected with PBS and intramuscularly injected with HIF-1 adenovirus-infected MSCs.Rats in the rhodioloside+Ad-HIF-MSC group were intramuscularly injected with MSCs infected with the HIF-1 adenovirus and intragastrically injected with rhodioloside.One week after treatment,exercise recovery was evaluated with a modified combined behavioral score scale.Hematoxylin-eosin staining and Pischingert’s methylene blue staining were used to detect any histological or pathological changes in spinal cord tissue.Levels of adenovirus IX and Sry mRNA were detected by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and used to determine the number of adenovirus and mesenchymal stem cells that were transfected into the spinal cord.Immunohistochemical staining was applied to detect HIF-1 protein levels in the spinal cord.The results showed that:(1)compared with the other groups,the rhodioloside+Ad-HIF-MSC group exhibited the highest combined behavioral score(P<0.05),the most recovered tissue,and the greatest number of neurons,as indicated by Pischingert’s methylene blue staining.(2)Compared with the PBS group,HIF-1 protein expression was greater in the rhodioloside group(P<0.05).(3)Compared with the Ad-HIF-MSC group,Sry mRNA levels were higher in the rhodioloside+Ad-HIF-MSC group(P<0.05).These results confirm that rhodioloside combined with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells can promote the recovery of spinal cord injury and activate the HIF-1 pathway to promote the survival of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and repair damaged neurons within spinal cord tissue.This experiment was approved by the Animal Ethics Committee of Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,China(approval No.2015KYLL029)in June 2015.展开更多
The Triassic ＂Green-bean Rock＂ （GBR） layers were widely recognized around the Early-Middle Triassic boundary interval in the Nanpanjiang Basin, South China. To determine the precise relationship between the GBR la...The Triassic ＂Green-bean Rock＂ （GBR） layers were widely recognized around the Early-Middle Triassic boundary interval in the Nanpanjiang Basin, South China. To determine the precise relationship between the GBR layers and the first appearance datum （FAD） of the conodont Chiosella timorensis, four Lower-Middle Triassic sections from the Nanpanjiang Basin, including the Gaimao, Bianyang lI, Zuodeng and Wantou sections have been studied in detail. Detailed conodont biostratigraphy convinces us that there is no exact temporal relationship between the GBR layers and first occurrence of Ch. timorensis. Moreover, the numbers of the GBR layers are different from the place to place within the Nanpanjiang Basin, and the time span of the GBR layers was much longer than previously estimated. Global correlations show that the FAD of Ch. timorensis is contemporaneous basinwide and worldwide and more suitable marker defining the Olenekian-Anisian boundary （Early-Middle Triassic boundary） than any other proxies.展开更多
Aero-optical effects for starlight transmission in the high-speed flow field will reduce the accuracy of the star sensor on an aircraft.Numerical simulations for aero-optical effects usually require plenty of calculat...Aero-optical effects for starlight transmission in the high-speed flow field will reduce the accuracy of the star sensor on an aircraft.Numerical simulations for aero-optical effects usually require plenty of calculations,which cause difficulties when designing a celestial navigation system for a high-speed aircraft.In this study,an Aero-Optical Simulator For Starlight Transmission(AOSST)in the boundary layer is developed.It effectively reduces the computational burden compared to that of the widely used CFD simulation,and it achieves satisfactory accuracy.In this simulator,gas ellipsoids satisfying certain design rules are used to simulate coherent density structures in boundary layers.Design rules for the gas ellipsoids are found from published experimental and high-fidelity CFD simulation results.The generated wavefront distortion by AOSST is anchored with the scale law for aero-optical distortion in the boundary layer by determining some control parameters,which enables the simulator to output reliable results over a wide range of flight states.Four numerical examples are provided to verify the performance of AOSST.The results demonstrate that AOSST is able to simulate the directional dependence of aero-optical distortions in boundary layers,the variation trend of distorted wavefront shapes with Reynolds number,and the grayscale distribution on the disturbed star map.展开更多
Objective This prospective single-arm clinical trial aimed to evaluated the feasibility and safety of the application of the SHURUI system(Beijing Surgerii Technology Co.,Ltd.,Beijing,China),a novel purpose-built robo...Objective This prospective single-arm clinical trial aimed to evaluated the feasibility and safety of the application of the SHURUI system(Beijing Surgerii Technology Co.,Ltd.,Beijing,China),a novel purpose-built robotic system,in single-port robotic radical prostatectomy.Methods Sixteen patients diagnosed with prostate cancer were prospectively enrolled in and underwent robotic radical prostatectomy from October 2021 to August 2022 by the SHURUI single-port robotic surgical system.The demographic and baseline data,surgical,oncological,and functional outcomes as well as follow-up data were recorded.Results The mean operative time was 226.3(standard deviation[SD]52.0)min,and the mean console time was 183.4(SD 48.3)min,with the mean estimated blood loss of 116.3(SD 90.0)mL.The mean length of postoperative hospital stay was 4.50(SD 0.97)days.Two patients had postoperative complications(Clavien-Dindo Grade II),and both patients improved after conservative treatment.All patients’postoperative prostate-specific antigen levels decreased to below 0.2 ng/mL 1 month after discharge.The mean prostate-specific antigen level further decreased to a mean of 0.0219(SD 0.0641)ng/mL 6 months after surgery.Thirty days postoperatively,12 out of 16 patients reported using no more than one urinary pad per day,and all patients reported satisfactory urinary control without the need for pads 6 months after surgery.Conclusion The SHURUI system is safe and feasible in performing radical prostatectomy via both transperitoneal and extraperitoneal approaches.Tumor control and urinary continence were satisfying for patients enrolled in.The next phase involves conducting a large-scale,multicenter randomized controlled trial to thoroughly assess the effectiveness and safety of the new technology in a broader population.展开更多
Objective:To investigate the application of virtual reality training in vesicourethral anastomosis during robot-assisted radical prostatectomy(RARP).Methods:Three certified robotic urologists who underwent virtual rea...Objective:To investigate the application of virtual reality training in vesicourethral anastomosis during robot-assisted radical prostatectomy(RARP).Methods:Three certified robotic urologists who underwent virtual reality training were enrolled in the study group.The other three without training were enrolled in the control group.Parameters were recorded before and after the training.Then a total of 18 patients undergoing RARP were enrolled and randomized assigned to receive anastomosis procedures with certified urologists who either obtained or did not obtain training.The quality of the anastomosis was evaluated.Results:For the virtual training evaluation,the overall score was significantly improved from 65.0±10.8 to 92.7±3.5(p=0.014);the time of anastomosis was shortened;the economy of motion improved;instrument collisions decreased after training(p<0.05).Besides,the effectiveness of the virtual training was evaluated in the 18 real anastomosis procedures which were completed either by three urologists with training or three urologists without training.Most intriguingly,the average time of anastomosis was shortened from 40.0±12.4 min to 25.1±7.1 min(p=0.015).The parameters including time of operation,creatinine level of drainage,postoperative hospital stay and duration of catheter drainage were comparable before and after training.Two leakages,which were observed in procedures by doctors without training,needed salvage sutures by a senior doctor.Conclusions:Virtual reality training enabled surgeons to become quickly familiar with robotic system manipulation,improved their skills for vesicourethral anastomosis and shortened the learning curve,thus helping them operate with high efficacy and quality.展开更多
Objective： To investigate the effects of mycotoxin moniliformin （MON） on the metabolism of aggrecan and type 11 collagen in human chondrocytes in vitro and the relationship between MON and Kashin-Beck disease （KBD...Objective： To investigate the effects of mycotoxin moniliformin （MON） on the metabolism of aggrecan and type 11 collagen in human chondrocytes in vitro and the relationship between MON and Kashin-Beck disease （KBD）. Methods： Human chondrocytes were isolated and cultured on bone matrix gelatin to form an artificial cartilage model in vitro with or without MON toxin. Cell viability was determined by 3-（4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl）-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide （MTT） assay. The expression of aggrecan and type II collagen in the cartilage was determined using immunocytochemical staining. Results： MON toxin inhibited chondrocyte viability in dose-dependent and time-dependent manners. MON reduced aggrecan and type Ⅱ collagen syntheses in the tissue-engineered cartilage. MON also increased the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-1 （MMP-1）, MMP-13, BC4 epitopes, and CD44 in cartilages. However, the expression of 3B3（-） epitopes in cartilages was inhibited by MON. Selenium partially alleviated the damage of aggrecan induced by MON toxin. Conclusion： MON toxin promoted the catabolism of aggrecan and type II collagen in human chondrocytes.展开更多
1 Introduction The United States,Japan,Canada,the European Union,and other developed countries and regions have all formulated climate strategies and pledged to achieve net-zero CO_(2) emissions by 2050.China,meanwhil...1 Introduction The United States,Japan,Canada,the European Union,and other developed countries and regions have all formulated climate strategies and pledged to achieve net-zero CO_(2) emissions by 2050.China,meanwhile,has announced through the“carbon-peaking and carbon neutrality targets”in September 2020 that it aims to achieve“peak carbon use”by 2030 and“carbon neutrality”by 2060[1].According to statistical data from the International Energy Agency(IEA),Fig.1 illustrates the carbon intensity of electricity generation in various regions in the Announced Pledge Scenario(APS)from 2010 to 2040[2].One can easily observe that each region aims to accomplish a sharp decrease in the carbon intensity of electricity generation after 2020.展开更多
基金funded by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2022YFB4700904 to Wang L)the Shanghai Shenkang Hospital Development Center's project for the Promotion of Clinical Skills and Clinical Innovation Three-Year Action Plan(Project No.SHDC2022CRT006 to Wang L and SHDC2022CRS010B to Tang S).
文摘Objective:This study aimed to assess the feasibility and safety of the SHURUI single-port robotic surgical system for a range of major urological surgeries.Methods:In this prospective,multicenter clinical trial,we examined the effectiveness of the SHURUI single-port robotic surgical system in urological interventions.The first 50 patients from four centers in China underwent single-port surgeries including partial nephrectomy,radical prostatectomy,partial adrenalectomy,and pyeloureteroplasty,exclusively by the SHURUI single-port robotic surgical system.The study's primary endpoints focused on the success of surgeries,defined as no deviations from planned procedures,no need for more than one port,and no re-operations within 24 h after surgery.Secondary endpoints encompassed a range of surgical metrics,functional outcomes,and patient demographic data.Clinical assessments were conducted before surgery,before discharge,and 1 month after discharge.Results:The surgical procedures were executed successfully without requiring intraoperative conversions or transfusions.Both estimated blood loss and operation durations were maintained within satisfactory limits.For each type of surgery,the mean console times and estimated blood loss were 179.8(standard deviation[SD]39.4)min and 125.6(SD 126.0)mL for radical prostatectomy,126.7(SD 47.8)min and 39.2(SD 54.4)mL for partial nephrectomy,112.6(SD 37.4)min and 20.0(SD 13.2)mL for partial adrenalectomy,and 148.0(SD 18.2)min and 18.0(SD 17.9)mL for pyeloureteroplasty,respectively.Across the cohort,17 patients experienced a total of 25 adverse events,while 10 postoperative complications,all rated as Clavien-Dindo grade I,were encountered by eight patients.All patients had shown recovery or improvement from these events before the end of this trial.Conclusion:The SHURUI single-port robotic surgical system demonstrated feasibility and safety in the performance of major urological surgeries.These initial findings highlight the system's potential,though further research and longer follow-up are required to assess long-term outcomes.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2021YFD2100700)National Natural Science Foundation of China(32021005)+1 种基金111 project(BP0719028)Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province。
文摘This study endeavors to investigate the effects of Bifidobacterium breve CCFM1078 on bone formation and resorption balance in growing BALB/c mice.Newborn BALB/c mice were assigned to the control group(administration saline)and the CCFM1078 group(administration B.breve CCFM1078,3×10^(9) CFU/day)in 3-,4-,and 5-week tests.All the groups have male and female distinctions.Our findings demonstrate that B.breve CCFM1078 exerts on the dynamic equilibrium between bone formation and resorption during the critical period of growth in mice by modulating the composition of gut microbiota and metabolites(hexadecanamide,linoleoyl ethanolamide,and palmitoyl ethanolamide),the genes and proteins expression related to the growth hormone(GH)/insulin-like growth factors-1(IGF-1)axis and Gs/PKA/CREB signaling pathways,as well as downstream osteogenic and osteoclastic differentiation factors.The effects of B.breve CCFM1078 were different with age and gender dependent.This finding suggests B.breve CCFM1078 may have potential applications in regulating bone metabolism in the growth period population.
文摘随着科学智能(artificial intelligence for science,AI4S)的兴起,属性图优化已逐渐成为连接图机器学习与生物医药、新材料等战略新兴领域的关键纽带,并展现出广阔的应用场景。针对传统优化方法在领域知识融合方面的不足,以及由此引发的建模与实际场景脱节、黑盒评估效率低下、优化过程可控性不足等重要挑战,本研究对面向科学智能的属性图优化相关前沿技术进行了系统综述。本研究首先深入剖析属性图的建模与表示方法,探讨如何通过更精准的图表示机制提升模型对具体科学任务的适配性;进而,解析黑盒优化与深度代理模型的基本原理,探讨如何实现对黑盒评估过程的高效近似,提升模型整体的效率与精度;最后,重点探讨大语言模型(large language models,LLMs)在领域知识注入和决策辅助方面的作用机制,以增强优化过程的可解释性与可控性。开展面向科学智能的属性图优化研究,不仅有助于推动计算机科学与各学科的深度交叉融合,更能加速图机器学习技术在解决多领域实际科学问题的落地进程,创造更大的经济与社会效益。
基金supported by the Chief Scientist of Qi-Huang Project of the National Traditional Chinese Medicine Inheritance and Innovation“One Hundred Million”Talent Project,China(Grant No.:[2021]No.7)the National Famous Old Traditional Chinese Medicine Experts Inheritance Studio Construction Program of National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine,China(Grant No.:[2022]No.75)+3 种基金the Seventh Batch of National Famous Old Traditional Chinese Medicine Experts Experience Heritage Construction Program of National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine,China(Grant No.:[2022]No.76)Heilongjiang Touyan Innovation Team Program,China(Grant No.:[2019]No.5)the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province(Grant No.:LQN25H280009)the Research Project of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University,China(Grant No.:2023RCZXZK22).
文摘That herbs with the"hot"property used to treat"cold"syndromes is a guiding principle of clinical prescription and medication in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM).However,this theory of TCM is still in the‘black box'stage,and few in-depth studies have examined the biological mechanisms underpinning the hot properties of herbs.
基金supported by Yunnan Provincial Basic Research Project(202401AT070344)National Natural Science Foundation of China(62263014).
文摘1 Introduction Amid escalating global climate change,the“dual carbon”goals of carbon peak and carbon neutrality have become a focal point of global attention and an important strategy for sustainable development[1].With the rapid development of renewable energy technologies and the increasing public demand for environmental protection and low-carbon living,the adoption of new energy vehicles,particularly electric vehicles(EVs).
基金supported by Postgraduate Research&Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province under Grant KYCX22_0290.
文摘The ability of cyborg locusts to achieve directional movement in complex outdoor environments is critical for search and rescue missions.Currently,there is a lack of research on motion control for cyborg locusts in outdoor settings.In this study,we developed cyborg locusts capable of performing directional locomotion in intricate outdoor environments,including jumping over obstacles,climbing slopes,traversing narrow pipelines,and accurately reaching predetermined targets along specified routes.We designed a miniature electrical backpack(10 mm×10 mm,0.75 g)capable of receiving stimulus parameters(frequency,duty ratio,and stimulation time)via Bluetooth commands from mobile phones.Electrical stimulation of locust sensory organs,such as the antennae and cercus,induced turning and jumping behaviors.Experi-mental testing of locust movement control was conducted under outdoor conditions with a short electrical stimulation interval.Results showed a positive correlation between locust turning angles and electrical stimulation parameters within a specified range,with an average jumping height exceeding 10 cm.Additionally,the success rate of locust turning and jumping behaviors correlated positively with the interval time between electrical stimulations.Adjusting these intervals during forward crawling phases increased the likelihood of the locusts jumping again.In conclusion,this study success-fully achieved directional locomotion control of cyborg locusts outdoors,providing insights and references for advancing search and rescue capabilities.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12303079,12481540180 and 12475057)the support of the postdoctoral program of purple Mountain Observatory,Chinese Academy of Sciences。
文摘In this paper,we present the second post-Newtonian solution for the quasi-Keplerian motion of a test particle in the regular Simpson–Visser black-bounce spacetime which has a bounce parameter a.The obtained solution is formulated in terms of orbital energy,angular momentum,and the bounce parameter of the black hole.We explicitly analyze the leading effects of the bounce parameter which has dimensions of length,on the test particle’s orbit,including the periastron advance and orbital period.Then,we apply this model to the precessing motion of OJ 287 and determine the upper limits of the dimensionless bounce parameter as a/m=3.45±0.01,where m is the mass of the regular black hole.Compared with the bound given by the periastron advance of star S2,our bound on a/m is reduced by one order of magnitude,although our upper limit of a still needs further improvement.
基金supported by the Tianjin Key Medical Discipline(Specialty)Construct Project,No.TJYXZDXK-027A(to SF)the National Key Research andDevelopment Project of Stem Cell and Transformation Research,No.2019YFA0112100(to SF)+2 种基金Tianjin Natural Science Foundation’s Youth Project for DiverseInvestments,No.21JCQNJC01300(to BF)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Youth Program),No.82102563(to BF)Tianjin Major Science andTechnology Special Projects and Engineering Projects,No.21ZXJBSY00080(to YR).
文摘Few studies have investigated alterations in the immune cell microenvironment of the dorsal root ganglia following spinal cord injury and whether these modifications facilitate axonal regeneration.In this study,we used a single-cell RNA sequencing dataset to create a comprehensive profile of the diverse cell types in the dorsal root ganglia and spinal cord of a mid-thoracic contusion injury model in cynomolgus monkeys.Cell communication analysis indicated that specific signaling events among various dorsal root ganglia cell types occur in response to spinal cord injury.Single-cell analysis using dimensionality reduction clustering identified distinct molecular signatures for nine cell types,including macrophage subpopulations,and differential gene expression profiles between dorsal root ganglia cells and spinal cord cells following spinal cord injury.The macrophage subpopulations were categorized into 11 clusters(MC0-MC10)based on differentially expressed genes,with the top 10 genes being ABCA6,RBMS3,EBF1,LAMA4,ANTXR2,LAMA2,SOX5,FOXP2,GHR,and APOD.MC0,MC1,and MC2 constituted the predominant macrophage populations.MC4,MC6,and MC9 were nearly absent in the spinal cord,but exhibited significant increases in the dorsal root ganglia post-spinal cord injury.Notably,these subpopulations possess a strong capacity for regulating axonal regeneration.The developmental progression of dorsal root ganglia macrophages after spinal cord injury was elucidated using cell trajectory and pseudo-time analyses.Genes such as EBF1(MC6 and MC9 marker),RBMS3(MC6 and MC9 marker),and ABCA6(MC6 marker)showed high expression levels in the critical pathways of macrophage function.Through ligand-receptor pair analysis,we determined that the effects of macrophages on microglia are predominantly mediated through interaction pairs(e.g.,SPP1-CD44,LAMC1-CD44,and FN1-CD44),potentially facilitating specific cellular communications within the immune microenvironment.The single-cell RNA sequencing dataset used in this study represents the first comprehensive transcriptional analysis of the dorsal root ganglia after spinal cord injury in cynomolgus monkeys,encompassing nearly all cell types within the dorsal root ganglia region.Using this dataset,we evaluated diverse subtypes of macrophages in the post-spinal cord injury dorsal root ganglia area and examined the signaling pathways that facilitate interactions among immune response-related macrophages in the dorsal root ganglia.Findings from this study provide a theoretical basis for understanding how the immune microenvironment influences the regenerative capacity of dorsal root ganglia neurons after spinal cord injury and offer novel insights into the complex processes underlying the pathobiology of spinal cord injury.
基金supported by Yunnan Power Grid Co.,Ltd.Science and Technology Project:Research and application of key technologies for graphical-based power grid accident reconstruction and simulation(YNKJXM20240333).
文摘An optimized volt-ampere reactive(VAR)control framework is proposed for transmission-level power systems to simultaneously mitigate voltage deviations and active-power losses through coordinated control of large-scale wind/solar farms with shunt static var generators(SVGs).The model explicitly represents reactive-power regulation characteristics of doubly-fed wind turbines and PV inverters under real-time meteorological conditions,and quantifies SVG high-speed compensation capability,enabling seamless transition from localized VAR management to a globally coordinated strategy.An enhanced adaptive gain-sharing knowledge optimizer(AGSK-SD)integrates simulated annealing and diversity maintenance to autonomously tune voltage-control actions,renewable source reactive-power set-points,and SVG output.The algorithm adaptively modulates knowledge factors and ratios across search phases,performs SA-based fine-grained local exploitation,and periodically re-injects population diversity to prevent premature convergence.Comprehensive tests on IEEE 9-bus and 39-bus systems demonstrate AGSK-SD’s superiority over NSGA-II and MOPSO in hypervolume(HV),inverse generative distance(IGD),and spread metrics while maintaining acceptable computational burden.The method reduces network losses from 2.7191 to 2.15 MW(20.79%reduction)and from 15.1891 to 11.22 MW(26.16%reduction)in the 9-bus and 39-bus systems respectively.Simultaneously,the cumulative voltage-deviation index decreases from 0.0277 to 3.42×10^(−4) p.u.(98.77%reduction)in the 9-bus system,and from 0.0556 to 0.0107 p.u.(80.76%reduction)in the 39-bus system.These improvements demonstrate significant suppression of line losses and voltage fluctuations.Comparative analysis with traditional heuristic optimization algorithms confirms the superior performance of the proposed approach.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31771876)the Biological Breeding Program of State Key Laboratory of Sichuan Agricultural University,China(SKL-ZY202234)the Sichuan Province Science and Technology Program,China(2021YFYZ0011 and 2021YFYZ0017)。
文摘Carbohydrate partitioning from source to sink tissues is essential for plant growth and development.However,in maize(Zea mays L.),the molecular mechanisms by which callose synthase genes regulate this process remain largely unexplored.This study demonstrates that mutation of maize callose synthase12(Zm Cals12)results in increased carbohydrate accumulation in photosynthetic leaves but decreased carbohydrate content in sink tissues,leading to plant dwarfing and male sterility.Histochemical β-glucuronidase(GUS)activity assay and m RNA in situ hybridization(ISH)revealed that Zm Cals12 expression mainly occurs in the vascular transport system.Zm Cals12 loss-of-function decreased callose synthase activity and callose deposition in plasmodesmatas(PDs)and surrounding phloem cells(PCs)of the vascular bundle.The drop-and-see(DANS)assay indicated reduced PD permeability in photosynthetic cells and diminished transport competence of leaf veins in Zmcals12 mutants,resulting in decreased symplastic transport.Paraffin section analysis revealed that less-developed vascular cells(VCs)in Zmcals12 mutants likely disrupted sugar transport,contributing to the pleiotropic phenotype.Furthermore,impaired sugar transport inhibited internode development by suppressing auxin(IAA)biosynthesis and signaling in Zmcals12 mutant.These findings elucidate the mechanism by which Zm Cals12-mediated callose deposition and symplastic transport regulate maize growth and development.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32021005)111 project(BP0719028)the Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province.
文摘This study aimed to investigate the effects of infant feces-derived Bifidobacterium breve CCFM1078 on rheumatoid cachexia(RC).Twenty-four female Wistar rats were assigned to 3 groups:CON group(normal saline by gavage),CIA group(collagen-induced arthritis(CIA),normal saline by gavage),and CCFM1078 group(CIA,3×10^(9)CFU/(rat·day)B.breve CCFM1078 gavage).The results demonstrated that B.breve CCFM1078 not only improved skeletal muscle function in CIA rats,but also modulated the gut microbiota,skeletal muscle metabolism and hormone levels,reduced inflammation in the knee joint and skeletal muscles,decreased activity of the nuclear factor κB(NF-κB)inflammatory signaling pathway,enhanced the insulin receptor substrate 1(IRS1)/phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase(PI3K/Akt)signaling pathway,promoted skeletal muscle differentiation,and maintained skeletal muscle fiber diameter,consequently slowing down the progression of RC.These findings suggested that B.breve CCFM1078 may have a beneficial role as part of a dietary intervention for RC,enhancing overall therapeutic effects.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.52025055,52375576,52350349)Key Research and Development Program of Shaanxi(Program No.2022GXLH-01-12)+2 种基金Joint Fund of Ministry of Education for Equipment Pre-research(No.8091B03012304)Aeronautical Science Foundation of China(No.2022004607001)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.xtr072024031).
文摘Continuous monitoring of biosignals is essential for advancing early disease detection,personalized treatment,and health management.Flexible electronics,capable of accurately monitoring biosignals in daily life,have garnered considerable attention due to their softness,conformability,and biocompatibility.However,several challenges remain,including imperfect skin-device interfaces,limited breathability,and insufficient mechanoelectrical stability.On-skin epidermal electronics,distinguished by their excellent conformability,breathability,and mechanoelectrical robustness,offer a promising solution for high-fidelity,long-term health monitoring.These devices can seamlessly integrate with the human body,leading to transformative advancements in future personalized healthcare.This review provides a systematic examination of recent advancements in on-skin epidermal electronics,with particular emphasis on critical aspects including material science,structural design,desired properties,and practical applications.We explore various materials,considering their properties and the corresponding structural designs developed to construct high-performance epidermal electronics.We then discuss different approaches for achieving the desired device properties necessary for long-term health monitoring,including adhesiveness,breathability,and mechanoelectrical stability.Additionally,we summarize the diverse applications of these devices in monitoring biophysical and physiological signals.Finally,we address the challenges facing these devices and outline future prospects,offering insights into the ongoing development of on-skin epidermal electronics for long-term health monitoring.
基金Support by Sichuan Science and Technology Program[2023YFSY0026,2023YFH0004]Guangzhou Huashang University[2024HSZD01,HS2023JYSZH01].
文摘Robust teleoperation in image-guided interventions faces critical challenges from latency,deformation,and the quasi-periodic nature of physiological motion.This paper presents a fully integrated,latency-aware visual servoing system leveraging stereo vision,hand–eye calibration,and learning-based prediction for motion-compensated teleoperation.The system combines a calibrated binocular camera setup,dual robotic arms,and a predictive control loop incorporating Long Short-Term Memory(LSTM)and Temporal Convolutional Network(TCN)models.Through experiments using both in vivo and phantom datasets,we quantitatively assess the prediction accuracy and motion-compensation performance of both models.Results show that TCNs deliver more stable and precise tracking,especially on regular trajectories,while LSTMs exhibit robustness under quasi-periodic dynamics.By matching prediction horizons to system latency,the approach significantly reduces peak and steady-state tracking errors,demonstrating practical feasibility for deploying prediction-augmented servoing in teleoperated surgical.
基金supported by the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China (863 Program), No. 2015CB755400 (to XQH)
文摘Rhodioloside has been shown to protect cells from hypoxia injury,and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells have a good effect on tissue repair.To study the effects of rhodioloside and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells on spinal cord injury,a rat model of spinal cord injury was established using the Infinite Horizons method.After establishing the model,the rats were randomly divided into five groups.Rats in the control group were intragastrically injected with phosphate buffered saline(PBS)(5μL).PBS was injected at 6 equidistant points around 5 mm from the injury site and at a depth of 5 mm.Rats in the rhodioloside group were intragastrically injected with rhodioloside(5 g/kg)and intramuscularly injected with PBS.Rats in the mesenchymal stem cell(MSC)group were intramuscularly injected with PBS and intramuscularly with MSCs(8×10^6/mL in a 50-μL cell suspension).Rats in the Ad-HIF-MSC group were intragastrically injected with PBS and intramuscularly injected with HIF-1 adenovirus-infected MSCs.Rats in the rhodioloside+Ad-HIF-MSC group were intramuscularly injected with MSCs infected with the HIF-1 adenovirus and intragastrically injected with rhodioloside.One week after treatment,exercise recovery was evaluated with a modified combined behavioral score scale.Hematoxylin-eosin staining and Pischingert’s methylene blue staining were used to detect any histological or pathological changes in spinal cord tissue.Levels of adenovirus IX and Sry mRNA were detected by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and used to determine the number of adenovirus and mesenchymal stem cells that were transfected into the spinal cord.Immunohistochemical staining was applied to detect HIF-1 protein levels in the spinal cord.The results showed that:(1)compared with the other groups,the rhodioloside+Ad-HIF-MSC group exhibited the highest combined behavioral score(P<0.05),the most recovered tissue,and the greatest number of neurons,as indicated by Pischingert’s methylene blue staining.(2)Compared with the PBS group,HIF-1 protein expression was greater in the rhodioloside group(P<0.05).(3)Compared with the Ad-HIF-MSC group,Sry mRNA levels were higher in the rhodioloside+Ad-HIF-MSC group(P<0.05).These results confirm that rhodioloside combined with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells can promote the recovery of spinal cord injury and activate the HIF-1 pathway to promote the survival of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and repair damaged neurons within spinal cord tissue.This experiment was approved by the Animal Ethics Committee of Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,China(approval No.2015KYLL029)in June 2015.
基金supported by 973 Program (No. 2011CB808800)the Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 41172024, 41272044, 41402005)+2 种基金the "111" project (No. B08030)the ‘Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan)the State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences (No. GBL11202)
文摘The Triassic ＂Green-bean Rock＂ （GBR） layers were widely recognized around the Early-Middle Triassic boundary interval in the Nanpanjiang Basin, South China. To determine the precise relationship between the GBR layers and the first appearance datum （FAD） of the conodont Chiosella timorensis, four Lower-Middle Triassic sections from the Nanpanjiang Basin, including the Gaimao, Bianyang lI, Zuodeng and Wantou sections have been studied in detail. Detailed conodont biostratigraphy convinces us that there is no exact temporal relationship between the GBR layers and first occurrence of Ch. timorensis. Moreover, the numbers of the GBR layers are different from the place to place within the Nanpanjiang Basin, and the time span of the GBR layers was much longer than previously estimated. Global correlations show that the FAD of Ch. timorensis is contemporaneous basinwide and worldwide and more suitable marker defining the Olenekian-Anisian boundary （Early-Middle Triassic boundary） than any other proxies.
基金supported by the National Defense PreResearch Foundation of China(No.JCKY2016601C005)the Science and Technology on Space Intelligent Control Laboratory of China(No.ZDSYS-2018-03)。
文摘Aero-optical effects for starlight transmission in the high-speed flow field will reduce the accuracy of the star sensor on an aircraft.Numerical simulations for aero-optical effects usually require plenty of calculations,which cause difficulties when designing a celestial navigation system for a high-speed aircraft.In this study,an Aero-Optical Simulator For Starlight Transmission(AOSST)in the boundary layer is developed.It effectively reduces the computational burden compared to that of the widely used CFD simulation,and it achieves satisfactory accuracy.In this simulator,gas ellipsoids satisfying certain design rules are used to simulate coherent density structures in boundary layers.Design rules for the gas ellipsoids are found from published experimental and high-fidelity CFD simulation results.The generated wavefront distortion by AOSST is anchored with the scale law for aero-optical distortion in the boundary layer by determining some control parameters,which enables the simulator to output reliable results over a wide range of flight states.Four numerical examples are provided to verify the performance of AOSST.The results demonstrate that AOSST is able to simulate the directional dependence of aero-optical distortions in boundary layers,the variation trend of distorted wavefront shapes with Reynolds number,and the grayscale distribution on the disturbed star map.
基金The authors would like to express their gratitude to Prof.Kai Xu and his research and development team from Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai,China,for their invaluable technical support of this study.This research was funded by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2022YFB4700904 to Wang L)Research-Oriented Physicians'Innovative Transformation Training Program of Development Center,Shanghai Shenkang Hospital,Shanghai,China(Grant No.SHDC2022CRS010B to Tang S).
文摘Objective This prospective single-arm clinical trial aimed to evaluated the feasibility and safety of the application of the SHURUI system(Beijing Surgerii Technology Co.,Ltd.,Beijing,China),a novel purpose-built robotic system,in single-port robotic radical prostatectomy.Methods Sixteen patients diagnosed with prostate cancer were prospectively enrolled in and underwent robotic radical prostatectomy from October 2021 to August 2022 by the SHURUI single-port robotic surgical system.The demographic and baseline data,surgical,oncological,and functional outcomes as well as follow-up data were recorded.Results The mean operative time was 226.3(standard deviation[SD]52.0)min,and the mean console time was 183.4(SD 48.3)min,with the mean estimated blood loss of 116.3(SD 90.0)mL.The mean length of postoperative hospital stay was 4.50(SD 0.97)days.Two patients had postoperative complications(Clavien-Dindo Grade II),and both patients improved after conservative treatment.All patients’postoperative prostate-specific antigen levels decreased to below 0.2 ng/mL 1 month after discharge.The mean prostate-specific antigen level further decreased to a mean of 0.0219(SD 0.0641)ng/mL 6 months after surgery.Thirty days postoperatively,12 out of 16 patients reported using no more than one urinary pad per day,and all patients reported satisfactory urinary control without the need for pads 6 months after surgery.Conclusion The SHURUI system is safe and feasible in performing radical prostatectomy via both transperitoneal and extraperitoneal approaches.Tumor control and urinary continence were satisfying for patients enrolled in.The next phase involves conducting a large-scale,multicenter randomized controlled trial to thoroughly assess the effectiveness and safety of the new technology in a broader population.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81430058)the Precision Medicine Program of Second Military Medical University(No.2017JZ35).
文摘Objective:To investigate the application of virtual reality training in vesicourethral anastomosis during robot-assisted radical prostatectomy(RARP).Methods:Three certified robotic urologists who underwent virtual reality training were enrolled in the study group.The other three without training were enrolled in the control group.Parameters were recorded before and after the training.Then a total of 18 patients undergoing RARP were enrolled and randomized assigned to receive anastomosis procedures with certified urologists who either obtained or did not obtain training.The quality of the anastomosis was evaluated.Results:For the virtual training evaluation,the overall score was significantly improved from 65.0±10.8 to 92.7±3.5(p=0.014);the time of anastomosis was shortened;the economy of motion improved;instrument collisions decreased after training(p<0.05).Besides,the effectiveness of the virtual training was evaluated in the 18 real anastomosis procedures which were completed either by three urologists with training or three urologists without training.Most intriguingly,the average time of anastomosis was shortened from 40.0±12.4 min to 25.1±7.1 min(p=0.015).The parameters including time of operation,creatinine level of drainage,postoperative hospital stay and duration of catheter drainage were comparable before and after training.Two leakages,which were observed in procedures by doctors without training,needed salvage sutures by a senior doctor.Conclusions:Virtual reality training enabled surgeons to become quickly familiar with robotic system manipulation,improved their skills for vesicourethral anastomosis and shortened the learning curve,thus helping them operate with high efficacy and quality.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.30872187,30471499,and 30170831)the Ministry of Education of China (No.Key 03152)the Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province of China (No.2004KW-20)
文摘Objective： To investigate the effects of mycotoxin moniliformin （MON） on the metabolism of aggrecan and type 11 collagen in human chondrocytes in vitro and the relationship between MON and Kashin-Beck disease （KBD）. Methods： Human chondrocytes were isolated and cultured on bone matrix gelatin to form an artificial cartilage model in vitro with or without MON toxin. Cell viability was determined by 3-（4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl）-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide （MTT） assay. The expression of aggrecan and type II collagen in the cartilage was determined using immunocytochemical staining. Results： MON toxin inhibited chondrocyte viability in dose-dependent and time-dependent manners. MON reduced aggrecan and type Ⅱ collagen syntheses in the tissue-engineered cartilage. MON also increased the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-1 （MMP-1）, MMP-13, BC4 epitopes, and CD44 in cartilages. However, the expression of 3B3（-） epitopes in cartilages was inhibited by MON. Selenium partially alleviated the damage of aggrecan induced by MON toxin. Conclusion： MON toxin promoted the catabolism of aggrecan and type II collagen in human chondrocytes.
文摘1 Introduction The United States,Japan,Canada,the European Union,and other developed countries and regions have all formulated climate strategies and pledged to achieve net-zero CO_(2) emissions by 2050.China,meanwhile,has announced through the“carbon-peaking and carbon neutrality targets”in September 2020 that it aims to achieve“peak carbon use”by 2030 and“carbon neutrality”by 2060[1].According to statistical data from the International Energy Agency(IEA),Fig.1 illustrates the carbon intensity of electricity generation in various regions in the Announced Pledge Scenario(APS)from 2010 to 2040[2].One can easily observe that each region aims to accomplish a sharp decrease in the carbon intensity of electricity generation after 2020.
