The efficiency of organic semiconductor photocatalysts is typically limited by their capability of photogenerated electron transport.Herein,a photocatalyst is proposed initially through the specific axial coordination...The efficiency of organic semiconductor photocatalysts is typically limited by their capability of photogenerated electron transport.Herein,a photocatalyst is proposed initially through the specific axial coordination interaction between imidazole-C_(60)(ImC_(60))and zinc tetraphenyl porphyrin(ZnTPP)named ImC_(60)-ZnTPP.Subsequently,detailed structural characterizations along with theoretical calculation reveal that the unique ImC_(60)-ZnTPP possesses head-to-tail stacking supra-structures,leading to the formation of a continuous array of C_(60)–C_(60) with ultrashort spacing and ensuring strongπ–πinteractions and homogeneous electronic coupling,which could tremendously promote electron transport along the(−111)crystal facet of ImC_(60)-ZnTPP.Consequently,compared to other fullerene-based photocatalysts,ImC_(60)-ZnTPP shows exceptional photocatalytic hydrogen production activity,with an efficiency of up to 80.95 mmol g^(-1) h^(-1).This study provides a novel strategy to design highly efficient fullerene-based photocatalytic systems for solar-driven energy conversion and extend their artificial photosynthetic use.展开更多
China has a high prevalence rate of Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease(MAFLD),and there is currently limited understanding of the levels of exercise self-efficacy(ESE)among individuals with MAFLD.The objective w...China has a high prevalence rate of Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease(MAFLD),and there is currently limited understanding of the levels of exercise self-efficacy(ESE)among individuals with MAFLD.The objective was to explore the potential ESE patterns in older adults with MAFLD.A cross-sectional study was conducted on 800 older adults with fatty liver disease from five communities from April 20,2023 to August 15,2023.Latent profile analysis(LPA)and k-means clustering were used to determine the optimal number of ESE groups.Using univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression to investigate the factors influencing profiles of ESE.A sample of 775 subjects met the diagnostic criteria for MAFLD.LPA yielded three profiles:the low-ESE,mild-ESE,and high-ESE groups,which comprised 25%,28%,and 47%of the sample,respectively.K-means clustering further supported the categorization of ESE into three distinct classes.The multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that diabetes,arthritis and/or arthrosis,as well as companionship during PA were significant influencing factors for the different profiles(p<0.05).Our findings suggest that the ESE of older patients with MAFLD is primarily at a moderate level or above.There was population heterogeneity in ESE among older patients with MAFLD.Diabetes mellitus,arthritis,and/or arthrosis,as well as companionship during PA were significant factors in influencing the likelihood of having high ESE.展开更多
In the quest to develop high-performance lubrication additives,a novel nanocomposite comprising biodiesel soot modified by silver(Ag/BDS)was synthesized.The tribological behavior of Ag/BDS nanocomposite as an additive...In the quest to develop high-performance lubrication additives,a novel nanocomposite comprising biodiesel soot modified by silver(Ag/BDS)was synthesized.The tribological behavior of Ag/BDS nanocomposite as an additive for liquid paraffin(LP)were systematically investigated using response surface methodology.To elucidate the friction and wear mechanisms associated with the Ag/BDS nanocomposite,various analytical techniques were employed,including scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive spectroscopy(SEM/EDS),Raman spectroscopy,and molecular dynamics simulations.The results show that the concentration of Ag/BDS has a significant impact on the tribological properties of LP under different applied loads and sliding speeds.Notably,LP containing 0.25%Ag/BDS shows the most favorable tribological performance and in comparison,to pure LP,the average friction coefficient and average wear volume have been reduced by 42.7%and 21.2%,respectively.The mechanisms underlying the reduction in friction and anti-wear mechanism of Ag/BDS have been attributed to the excellent synergies of Ag and BDS.Specifically,the Ag particles facilitate the incorporation of BDS particles in the formation of uniform boundary lubrication films.展开更多
The global monsoon system,encompassing the Asian-Australian,African,and American monsoons,sustains two-thirds of the world’s population by regulating water resources and agriculture.Monsoon anomalies pose severe risk...The global monsoon system,encompassing the Asian-Australian,African,and American monsoons,sustains two-thirds of the world’s population by regulating water resources and agriculture.Monsoon anomalies pose severe risks,including floods and droughts.Recent research associated with the implementation of the Global Monsoons Model Intercomparison Project under the umbrella of CMIP6 has advanced our understanding of its historical variability and driving mechanisms.Observational data reveal a 20th-century shift:increased rainfall pre-1950s,followed by aridification and partial recovery post-1980s,driven by both internal variability(e.g.,Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation)and external forcings(greenhouse gases,aerosols),while ENSO drives interannual variability through ocean-atmosphere interactions.Future projections under greenhouse forcing suggest long-term monsoon intensification,though regional disparities and model uncertainties persist.Models indicate robust trends but struggle to quantify extremes,where thermodynamic effects(warming-induced moisture rise)uniformly boost heavy rainfall,while dynamical shifts(circulation changes)create spatial heterogeneity.Volcanic eruptions and proposed solar radiation modification(SRM)further complicate predictions:tropical eruptions suppress monsoons,whereas high-latitude events alter cross-equatorial flows,highlighting unresolved feedbacks.The emergent constraint approach is booming in terms of correcting future projections and reducing uncertainty with respect to the global monsoons.Critical challenges remain.Model biases and sparse 20th-century observational data hinder accurate attribution.The interplay between natural variability and anthropogenic forcings,along with nonlinear extreme precipitation risks under warming,demands deeper mechanistic insights.Additionally,SRM’s regional impacts and hemispheric monsoon interactions require systematic evaluation.Addressing these gaps necessitates enhanced observational networks,refined climate models,and interdisciplinary efforts to disentangle multiscale drivers,ultimately improving resilience strategies for monsoon-dependent regions.展开更多
Accelerated aging tests are widely used to rapidly evaluate the durability of materials,of which thermal-oxidative aging is the most common approach.To quantitatively predict the effects of multiple coupled factors,th...Accelerated aging tests are widely used to rapidly evaluate the durability of materials,of which thermal-oxidative aging is the most common approach.To quantitatively predict the effects of multiple coupled factors,this study takes polyamide66 reinforced with glass fiber(PA66-GF)as a model system and proposed a high-precision paradigm for coupled thermal-oxidative aging.By integrating Arrhenius-type reaction kinetics with oxygen diffusion,a predictive formula that holistically captures the nonlinear synergistic effects of multiple factors was developed,thereby overcoming the limitations of traditional single-variable models.A systematic evaluation of the stepwise improved formulas through nonlinear fitting showed that the coefficient of determination(R^(2))increased from 0.223 to 0.803,elucidating the fundamental reason why conventional approaches fail in quantitative prediction.These formulae were further embedded as physical constraints into a physics-informed neural network(PINN),which further enhanced the predictive performance,with the proposed formula achieving a peak R^(2)of 0.946.The results highlight that robust data fitting alone is insufficient;the decisive factor for the success of PINN lies in whether the embedded formula faithfully reflects the underlying physical mechanisms.When applied to polyamide 6 reinforced with glass fiber(PA6-GF),the Formula-constrained PINN maintained a high level of accuracy(R^(2)=0.916),demonstrating its strong cross-system generalizability.In summary,this work establishes a robust hybrid physics-machine learning framework that combines high accuracy with transferability for predicting the thermal-oxidative aging behavior of composite material systems.展开更多
Objective This study investigated the effect of reducing soluble epoxide hydrolase(sEH,encoded by the Ephx2 gene)on the mediation of EETs metabolism during ferroptosis in emphysema in vivo.Methods Male C57BL/6J wild-t...Objective This study investigated the effect of reducing soluble epoxide hydrolase(sEH,encoded by the Ephx2 gene)on the mediation of EETs metabolism during ferroptosis in emphysema in vivo.Methods Male C57BL/6J wild-type(WT)and Ephx2^(-/-)mice received whole-body exposure to either cigarette smoke(CS)or air for 16 weeks.The alveolar structure,pulmonary function,lung tissue morphology,cell death,and ferroptosis levels were assessed following exposure.Results CS exposure caused emphysema,reduced pulmonary function,and induced ferroptosis in mice compared with exposure to air.In contrast,following CS exposure,Ephx2^(-/-)mice exhibited significantly lower levels of emphysema,impaired lung function,lung cell death,intracellular iron,lipid reactive oxygen species,cyclooxygenase-2,4-hydroxynonenal,and malondialdehyde levels than those of WT mice.However,Ephx2^(-/-)mice exhibited higher levels of glutathione and ferritin heavy chain 1 than those of WT mice.SLC7A11 expression was significantly reduced,whereas glutathione peroxidase 4 expression was markedly increased in Ephx2^(-/-)mice compared with WT mice.Statistically significant differences(P<0.05)were observed.Conclusion These results suggest that Ephx2 deficiency inhibits ferroptosis to alleviate CS-induced emphysema,primarily by mitigating its inhibitory effect on the cystine/glutathione/glutathione peroxidase 4 axis.Therefore,Ephx2 represents an effective therapeutic target in CS-induced chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD).展开更多
Objective: To investigate whether attaching a free lens anterior capsular disc to the corneal endothelial surface during femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery (FLACS) can effectively reduce postoperative corneal...Objective: To investigate whether attaching a free lens anterior capsular disc to the corneal endothelial surface during femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery (FLACS) can effectively reduce postoperative corneal endothelial cell loss. Methods: This prospective study included 97 cataract patients. Among them, 33 patients served as the experimental group, where a free lens anterior capsular disc was applied for corneal endothelial protection during FLACS. The remaining 64 patients formed the control group and underwent conventional FLACS. Changes in corneal endothelial cell density were compared between the two groups before surgery and one month postoperatively. Results: One month after surgery, corneal endothelial cell counts in both groups were lower than preoperative levels. However, the experimental group exhibited higher corneal endothelial cell counts than the control group, with a smaller reduction in cell counts (p < 0.05). The corneal endothelial cell loss rate in the experimental group was lower than that in the control group one month postoperatively (p < 0.05). At the one-month follow-up, there were no significant differences in LogMAR visual acuity or non-contact intraocular pressure between the two groups compared to preoperative values (p > 0.05). Additionally, no significant differences were observed between the experimental and control groups in terms of LogMAR visual acuity, non-contact intraocular pressure, improvements in LogMAR visual acuity, or changes in non-contact intraocular pressure (p > 0.05). Conclusion: Attaching a free lens anterior capsular disc to the corneal endothelial surface during FLACS can effectively reduce intraoperative corneal endothelial cell loss.展开更多
Remote sensing is a valuable and effective tool for monitoring and estimating aboveground biomass （AGB） in large areas.The current international research on biomass estimation by remote sensing technique mainly focu...Remote sensing is a valuable and effective tool for monitoring and estimating aboveground biomass （AGB） in large areas.The current international research on biomass estimation by remote sensing technique mainly focused on forests,grasslands and crops,with relatively few applications for desert ecosystems.In this paper,Landsat Thematic Mapper （TM）/Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus （ETM＋） images from 1988 to 2007 and the data of 283 AGB samples in August 2007 were used to estimate the AGB for Mu Us Sandy Land over the past 30 years.Moreover,temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of AGB and influencing factors of climate and underlying surface were also studied.Results show that：（1） Differences of correlations exist in the fitted equations between AGB and different vegetation indices in desert areas.The modified soil adjusted vegetation index （MSAVI） and soil adjusted vegetation index （SAVI） show relatively higher correlations with AGB,while the correlation between normalized difference vegetation index （NDVI） and AGB is relatively lower.Error testing shows that the AGB-MSAVI model established can be used to accurately estimate AGB of Mu Us Sandy Land in August.（2） AGB in Mu Us Sandy Land shows the fluctuant characteristics over the past 30 years,which decreased from the 1980s to the 1990s,and increased from the 1990s to 2007.AGB in 2007 had the highest value,with a total AGB of 3.352×106 t.Moreover,in the 1990s,AGB had the lowest value with a total AGB of 2.328×106 t.（3） AGB with relatively higher values was mainly located in the middle and southern parts of Mu Us Sandy Land in the 1980s.AGB was low in the whole area in the1990s,and relatively higher AGB values were mainly located in the southern parts of Uxin.In 2007,AGB in the whole area was relatively higher than those of the last twenty years,and higher AGB values were mainly located in the northern,western and middle parts of Mu Us Sandy Land.展开更多
In this work, the corrosion behavior of the ascast and extrusion and aging treatment Mg–2Zn–0.2Mn alloy in simulated body fluid(SBF) were studied. The wear behavior of Mg–2Zn–0.2Mn alloy was investigated using pin...In this work, the corrosion behavior of the ascast and extrusion and aging treatment Mg–2Zn–0.2Mn alloy in simulated body fluid(SBF) were studied. The wear behavior of Mg–2Zn–0.2Mn alloy was investigated using pin-on-disk technique and stainless steel as counterbody under a constant sliding velocity at different loads ranging from 2 to 5 N with deionized water and SBF as lubrication.The results showed that the extrusion and aging treatment Mg–2Zn–0.2Mn alloy exhibited better corrosion resistance compared with the as-cast alloy due to finer average grain size, more homogeneous phase distribution, and decrease in porosity. The friction coefficient of fractional pair under SBF and deionized water lubrication were obviously lower than that of dry sliding condition. However, the wear rate of Mg–2Zn–0.2Mn alloy under SBF lubrication was higher than that of dry sliding and deionized water lubrication due to the corrosiveness of SBF accelerated the wear of the magnesium alloy. The magnesium alloy exhibited different wear mechanisms with the variety of loads and lubrication conditions.展开更多
A new series of bone affinity compounds were synthesized by linking chrysophanol with 5-fluorouracil derivatives. Their bone affinity was established by hydroxyapative （HA） affinity experiment in vitro, and their cy...A new series of bone affinity compounds were synthesized by linking chrysophanol with 5-fluorouracil derivatives. Their bone affinity was established by hydroxyapative （HA） affinity experiment in vitro, and their cytostatic effects were shown by the MTT assay.展开更多
Resource allocation to female and male function may vary among individual plants in species with variable sex expression.Size-dependent sex allocation has been proposed in hermaphrodites,in which female-biased allocat...Resource allocation to female and male function may vary among individual plants in species with variable sex expression.Size-dependent sex allocation has been proposed in hermaphrodites,in which female-biased allocation may increase with plant size.In many hermaphrodites with large floral displays,however,later-produced flowers tend to be functionally male.This paradoxical relationship between female and male function and plant size remains poorly understood.The subalpine lily Lilium lankongense has individuals of three sexual types:males with only staminate flowers,hermaphrodites with only perfect flowers,and andromonoecious plants with both perfect and staminate flowers.Here we tested theoretical predictions of size-dependent sex allocation in L.lankongense by measuring plant height and flower number of individuals of each sex at five field sites in the mountainous region of Shangri-La,southwestern China.To investigate variation in phenotypic gender,we identified sex expression of 457 individuals one year later.Our investigation showed that male plants,which usually produced one flower,were significantly smaller than and ro monoecious and hermaphrodite plants.In addition,the total flower numbers of andromonoecious and hermaphrodite plants increased significantly with plant size.Large individuals were more likely to produce terminal staminate flowers,as there were more flowers in andromonoecious than in hermaphrodite individuals.Non-flowered plants were significantly smaller than flowering ones.Perfect flowers had significantly larger petals and pistils than staminate flowers,but they did not differ in dry weight of stamens.Our findings indicate that when plants are small,the less costly sex is favored,consistent with the‘size-advantage hypothesis’.When plants are large,both female and male investments change isometrically,as later-produced flowers tend to be functionally male.展开更多
CO_(2)hydrogenation to value-added chemicals is a promising pathway to solve CO_(2)-relevant environmental problems but still remains a great challenge.Herein,we report a CeO_(2)nanostructure supported Rh single atoms...CO_(2)hydrogenation to value-added chemicals is a promising pathway to solve CO_(2)-relevant environmental problems but still remains a great challenge.Herein,we report a CeO_(2)nanostructure supported Rh single atoms(Rh-SAs/CeO_(2))catalyst and was used for the efficient CO_(2)hydrogenation to HCOOH.The Rh-SAs/CeO_(2)exhibited high catalytic activity with turnover numbers(TON)up to 221 at 200℃,which was 4-fold to that of CeO_(2)supported Rh nanoparticles(Rh-NPs/CeO_(2)).Moreover,HCOOH selectivity for Rh-SAs/CeO_(2)reached 85%,much higher than that of Rh-NPs/CeO_(2)(46%).Mechanism studies revealed that Rh single atoms in the Rh-SAs/CeO_(2)with high metal atoms utilization efficiency not only provided abundant active sites to promote the catalytic activity,but also suppressed the decomposition of HCOOH to CO and benefited the formation of HCOOH.展开更多
Objective:To study the effect of atorvastatin combined with metformin on the lipid metabolism, hyperinsulinemia and oxidative stress in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).Methods:56 patients with N...Objective:To study the effect of atorvastatin combined with metformin on the lipid metabolism, hyperinsulinemia and oxidative stress in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).Methods:56 patients with NAFLD who were treated in our hospital between June 2012 and February 2016 were collected and divided into the observation group and control group (n=28) according to the single-blind random number table. Control group received conventional treatment + atorvastatin therapy, observation group received conventional treatment + atorvastatin combined with metformin therapy, and both therapies lasted for 12 weeks. Before treatment and after 12 weeks of treatment, fasting serum was collected from two groups of patients to determine the levels of lipid metabolism indexes, insulin resistance-related indexes and oxidative stress indexes.Results: Before treatment, the differences in the levels of serum lipid metabolism indexes, insulin resistance-related indexes and oxidative stress indexes were not statistically significant between two groups of patients. After 12 weeks of treatment, serum lipid metabolism indexes triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (CHO), and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels of observation group were lower than those of control group while high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) level was higher than that of control group;insulin resistance-related indexes fasting blood glucose (FBG), fasting insulin (FINS) and insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) levels were lower than those of control group;oxidation indexes reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA) and lipid hydroperoxide (LHP) levels were lower than those of control group while anti-oxidation indexes superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) levels were higher than those of control group.Conclusion:Atorvastatin combined with metformin can optimize the lipid metabolism, improve the insulin sensitivity and reduce the systemic oxidative stress level in patients with NAFLD.展开更多
The impact of longitudinal stiffener configurations on the structural performance of orthotropic steel bridge decks(OSD)was systematically investigated,with emphasis on U-shaped,T-shaped,and rectangular ribs.Finite el...The impact of longitudinal stiffener configurations on the structural performance of orthotropic steel bridge decks(OSD)was systematically investigated,with emphasis on U-shaped,T-shaped,and rectangular ribs.Finite element analysis was employed to evaluate deformation and stress distribution under three critical loading scenarios:vertical uniformload,vertical eccentric load,and lateral uniformload.Equivalentmodels ensuring identical steel usage,moment of inertia,and centroid alignment were established to compare five stiffener configurations.Results demonstrate that U-rib configurations exhibit superior performance in controlling local displacements and minimizing stress concentrations.Under eccentric loading,U-ribs significantly reduce deck displacement andmitigate stress fluctuations at critical junctions compared to alternative stiffeners.Stability analysis further reveals that U-ribs achieve stability coefficients substantially higher than open-section alternatives,particularly excelling under lateral loading due to enhanced torsional rigidity.Parametric optimization identifies key geometric thresholds where U-rib thickness exceeding 6 mm yields diminishing returns in stress reduction and stability enhancement,while deck flange thickness beyond 16 mm provides marginal improvements in displacement control despite increased material usage.An optimized design combining 6-mm U-ribs with 16-mm deck flanges is proposed,balancing structural efficiency with stringent deformation requirements for high-speed rail bridges.These findings provide foundational insights for optimizing stiffener selection and enhancing the longevity of orthotropic steel bridge decks in heavy-load applications.展开更多
In order to understand the influence of ordering behaviors on the thermodynamic and mechanical properties of multi-principal element alloys(MPEAs),the temperature-dependent thermodynamic properties and mechanical prop...In order to understand the influence of ordering behaviors on the thermodynamic and mechanical properties of multi-principal element alloys(MPEAs),the temperature-dependent thermodynamic properties and mechanical properties of FCC_CoNiV MPEAs were comparatively predicted,where the alloys were modeled as the ordered configurations based on our previously predicted site occupying fractions(SOFs),as well as disordered configuration based on traditional special quasi-random structure(SQS).The ordering behavior not only improves the thermodynamic stability of the structure,but also increases the elastic properties and Vickers hardness.For example,at 973 K,the predicted bulk modulus(B),shear modulus(G),Young’s modulus(E),and Vickers hardness(HV)of FCC_CoNiV MPEA based on SOFs configuration are 187.82,79.03,207.93,and 7.58 GPa,respectively,while the corresponded data are 172.58,57.45,155.14,and 4.64 GPa for the SQS configuration,respectively.The Vickers hardness predicted based on SOFs agrees considerably well with the available experimental data,while it is underestimated obviously based on SQS.展开更多
To maintain the reliability of power systems,routine inspections using drones equipped with advanced object detection algorithms are essential for preempting power-related issues.The increasing resolution of drone-cap...To maintain the reliability of power systems,routine inspections using drones equipped with advanced object detection algorithms are essential for preempting power-related issues.The increasing resolution of drone-captured images has posed a challenge for traditional target detection methods,especially in identifying small objects in high-resolution images.This study presents an enhanced object detection algorithm based on the Faster Regionbased Convolutional Neural Network(Faster R-CNN)framework,specifically tailored for detecting small-scale electrical components like insulators,shock hammers,and screws in transmission line.The algorithm features an improved backbone network for Faster R-CNN,which significantly boosts the feature extraction network’s ability to detect fine details.The Region Proposal Network is optimized using a method of guided feature refinement(GFR),which achieves a balance between accuracy and speed.The incorporation of Generalized Intersection over Union(GIOU)and Region of Interest(ROI)Align further refines themodel’s accuracy.Experimental results demonstrate a notable improvement in mean Average Precision,reaching 89.3%,an 11.1%increase compared to the standard Faster R-CNN.This highlights the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm in identifying electrical components in high-resolution aerial images.展开更多
In a bird strike, the bird undergoes large deformation like flows; while most part of the structure is in small deformation, the region near the impact point may experience large deformations, even fail. This paper de...In a bird strike, the bird undergoes large deformation like flows; while most part of the structure is in small deformation, the region near the impact point may experience large deformations, even fail. This paper develops a coupled shell-material point method （CSMPM） for bird strike simulation, in which the bird is modeled by the material point method （MPM） and the aircraft structure is modeled by the Belytschko-Lin-Tsay shell element. The interaction between the bird and the structure is handled by a particle-to-surface contact algorithm. The distorted and failed shell elements will be eroded if a certain criterion is reached. The proposed CSMPM takes full advantages of both the finite element method and the MPM for bird strike simulation and is validated by several numerical examples.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52322204,52072374,52272052)the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2022YFA1205900)the Youth Innovation Promotion Association of CAS(Y2022015).
文摘The efficiency of organic semiconductor photocatalysts is typically limited by their capability of photogenerated electron transport.Herein,a photocatalyst is proposed initially through the specific axial coordination interaction between imidazole-C_(60)(ImC_(60))and zinc tetraphenyl porphyrin(ZnTPP)named ImC_(60)-ZnTPP.Subsequently,detailed structural characterizations along with theoretical calculation reveal that the unique ImC_(60)-ZnTPP possesses head-to-tail stacking supra-structures,leading to the formation of a continuous array of C_(60)–C_(60) with ultrashort spacing and ensuring strongπ–πinteractions and homogeneous electronic coupling,which could tremendously promote electron transport along the(−111)crystal facet of ImC_(60)-ZnTPP.Consequently,compared to other fullerene-based photocatalysts,ImC_(60)-ZnTPP shows exceptional photocatalytic hydrogen production activity,with an efficiency of up to 80.95 mmol g^(-1) h^(-1).This study provides a novel strategy to design highly efficient fullerene-based photocatalytic systems for solar-driven energy conversion and extend their artificial photosynthetic use.
基金Wuxi Social development technology demonstration project(N20201003)Top Talent Support Program for young and middle-aged people of Wuxi Health Committee(BJ 2023049).
文摘China has a high prevalence rate of Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease(MAFLD),and there is currently limited understanding of the levels of exercise self-efficacy(ESE)among individuals with MAFLD.The objective was to explore the potential ESE patterns in older adults with MAFLD.A cross-sectional study was conducted on 800 older adults with fatty liver disease from five communities from April 20,2023 to August 15,2023.Latent profile analysis(LPA)and k-means clustering were used to determine the optimal number of ESE groups.Using univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression to investigate the factors influencing profiles of ESE.A sample of 775 subjects met the diagnostic criteria for MAFLD.LPA yielded three profiles:the low-ESE,mild-ESE,and high-ESE groups,which comprised 25%,28%,and 47%of the sample,respectively.K-means clustering further supported the categorization of ESE into three distinct classes.The multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that diabetes,arthritis and/or arthrosis,as well as companionship during PA were significant influencing factors for the different profiles(p<0.05).Our findings suggest that the ESE of older patients with MAFLD is primarily at a moderate level or above.There was population heterogeneity in ESE among older patients with MAFLD.Diabetes mellitus,arthritis,and/or arthrosis,as well as companionship during PA were significant factors in influencing the likelihood of having high ESE.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52075141)the Open Project of Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Critical Friction Pair for Advanced Equipment(LCFP-2408)+9 种基金Key Research&Development(R&D)Plan of Anhui Province under Grant(2022a05020019)Support Program for Outstanding Young Talents in Anhui Province Colleges and Universities(gxyq2022079)Excellent Research and Innovation Teams Project of Anhui Province's Universities(2022AH010092)Discipline Construction Quality Improvement Project of Chaohu University(kj22fdzy03,XLZ202307,XLZ202301)School-level Scientific Research Project of Chaohu University(XLY-202112)Scientific Research Planning Project of Anhui Provincial(2022AH051726)Anhui Province University Science and Engineering Teachers'Internship Program in Enterprises(2024jsqygz89)Anhui Province College Students'Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program(S202410380020)Anhui Province Postdoctoral Research Project(2024A773)Horizontal Research Project of Chaohu University(hxkt20230006).
文摘In the quest to develop high-performance lubrication additives,a novel nanocomposite comprising biodiesel soot modified by silver(Ag/BDS)was synthesized.The tribological behavior of Ag/BDS nanocomposite as an additive for liquid paraffin(LP)were systematically investigated using response surface methodology.To elucidate the friction and wear mechanisms associated with the Ag/BDS nanocomposite,various analytical techniques were employed,including scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive spectroscopy(SEM/EDS),Raman spectroscopy,and molecular dynamics simulations.The results show that the concentration of Ag/BDS has a significant impact on the tribological properties of LP under different applied loads and sliding speeds.Notably,LP containing 0.25%Ag/BDS shows the most favorable tribological performance and in comparison,to pure LP,the average friction coefficient and average wear volume have been reduced by 42.7%and 21.2%,respectively.The mechanisms underlying the reduction in friction and anti-wear mechanism of Ag/BDS have been attributed to the excellent synergies of Ag and BDS.Specifically,the Ag particles facilitate the incorporation of BDS particles in the formation of uniform boundary lubrication films.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2020YFA0608904)the International Partnership Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant Nos.060GJHZ2023079GC and 134111KYSB20160031)+1 种基金supported by the Office of Science,U.S.Department of Energy(DOE)Biological and Environmental Research as part of the Regional and Global Model Analysis program area through the Water Cycle and Climate Extremes Modeling(WACCEM)scientific focus areaoperated for DOE by Battelle Memorial Institute under contract DE-AC05-76RL01830。
文摘The global monsoon system,encompassing the Asian-Australian,African,and American monsoons,sustains two-thirds of the world’s population by regulating water resources and agriculture.Monsoon anomalies pose severe risks,including floods and droughts.Recent research associated with the implementation of the Global Monsoons Model Intercomparison Project under the umbrella of CMIP6 has advanced our understanding of its historical variability and driving mechanisms.Observational data reveal a 20th-century shift:increased rainfall pre-1950s,followed by aridification and partial recovery post-1980s,driven by both internal variability(e.g.,Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation)and external forcings(greenhouse gases,aerosols),while ENSO drives interannual variability through ocean-atmosphere interactions.Future projections under greenhouse forcing suggest long-term monsoon intensification,though regional disparities and model uncertainties persist.Models indicate robust trends but struggle to quantify extremes,where thermodynamic effects(warming-induced moisture rise)uniformly boost heavy rainfall,while dynamical shifts(circulation changes)create spatial heterogeneity.Volcanic eruptions and proposed solar radiation modification(SRM)further complicate predictions:tropical eruptions suppress monsoons,whereas high-latitude events alter cross-equatorial flows,highlighting unresolved feedbacks.The emergent constraint approach is booming in terms of correcting future projections and reducing uncertainty with respect to the global monsoons.Critical challenges remain.Model biases and sparse 20th-century observational data hinder accurate attribution.The interplay between natural variability and anthropogenic forcings,along with nonlinear extreme precipitation risks under warming,demands deeper mechanistic insights.Additionally,SRM’s regional impacts and hemispheric monsoon interactions require systematic evaluation.Addressing these gaps necessitates enhanced observational networks,refined climate models,and interdisciplinary efforts to disentangle multiscale drivers,ultimately improving resilience strategies for monsoon-dependent regions.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22473032)。
文摘Accelerated aging tests are widely used to rapidly evaluate the durability of materials,of which thermal-oxidative aging is the most common approach.To quantitatively predict the effects of multiple coupled factors,this study takes polyamide66 reinforced with glass fiber(PA66-GF)as a model system and proposed a high-precision paradigm for coupled thermal-oxidative aging.By integrating Arrhenius-type reaction kinetics with oxygen diffusion,a predictive formula that holistically captures the nonlinear synergistic effects of multiple factors was developed,thereby overcoming the limitations of traditional single-variable models.A systematic evaluation of the stepwise improved formulas through nonlinear fitting showed that the coefficient of determination(R^(2))increased from 0.223 to 0.803,elucidating the fundamental reason why conventional approaches fail in quantitative prediction.These formulae were further embedded as physical constraints into a physics-informed neural network(PINN),which further enhanced the predictive performance,with the proposed formula achieving a peak R^(2)of 0.946.The results highlight that robust data fitting alone is insufficient;the decisive factor for the success of PINN lies in whether the embedded formula faithfully reflects the underlying physical mechanisms.When applied to polyamide 6 reinforced with glass fiber(PA6-GF),the Formula-constrained PINN maintained a high level of accuracy(R^(2)=0.916),demonstrating its strong cross-system generalizability.In summary,this work establishes a robust hybrid physics-machine learning framework that combines high accuracy with transferability for predicting the thermal-oxidative aging behavior of composite material systems.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82000042,81870029)Beijing Municipal Natural Science Foundation(7204247)+3 种基金Capital’s Funds for Health Improvement and Research(grant number:2024-2-1101)Start-up Project of Beijing Friendship Hospital,Capital Medical University(Beijing,China)(yyqdktzx2020-3)Key Clinical Specialty Construction Program of Beijing(2020-2022)Research Fund of Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital(24QNPY034).
文摘Objective This study investigated the effect of reducing soluble epoxide hydrolase(sEH,encoded by the Ephx2 gene)on the mediation of EETs metabolism during ferroptosis in emphysema in vivo.Methods Male C57BL/6J wild-type(WT)and Ephx2^(-/-)mice received whole-body exposure to either cigarette smoke(CS)or air for 16 weeks.The alveolar structure,pulmonary function,lung tissue morphology,cell death,and ferroptosis levels were assessed following exposure.Results CS exposure caused emphysema,reduced pulmonary function,and induced ferroptosis in mice compared with exposure to air.In contrast,following CS exposure,Ephx2^(-/-)mice exhibited significantly lower levels of emphysema,impaired lung function,lung cell death,intracellular iron,lipid reactive oxygen species,cyclooxygenase-2,4-hydroxynonenal,and malondialdehyde levels than those of WT mice.However,Ephx2^(-/-)mice exhibited higher levels of glutathione and ferritin heavy chain 1 than those of WT mice.SLC7A11 expression was significantly reduced,whereas glutathione peroxidase 4 expression was markedly increased in Ephx2^(-/-)mice compared with WT mice.Statistically significant differences(P<0.05)were observed.Conclusion These results suggest that Ephx2 deficiency inhibits ferroptosis to alleviate CS-induced emphysema,primarily by mitigating its inhibitory effect on the cystine/glutathione/glutathione peroxidase 4 axis.Therefore,Ephx2 represents an effective therapeutic target in CS-induced chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD).
基金Task Contract for the 2022 Dongguan Social Development Science and Technology Project,Project Name:Clinical Study on the Protection of Corneal Endothelium by the Anterior Capsular Flap in LenSx Femtosecond Laser-Assisted Cataract Surgery(Project No.:20221800901212)。
文摘Objective: To investigate whether attaching a free lens anterior capsular disc to the corneal endothelial surface during femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery (FLACS) can effectively reduce postoperative corneal endothelial cell loss. Methods: This prospective study included 97 cataract patients. Among them, 33 patients served as the experimental group, where a free lens anterior capsular disc was applied for corneal endothelial protection during FLACS. The remaining 64 patients formed the control group and underwent conventional FLACS. Changes in corneal endothelial cell density were compared between the two groups before surgery and one month postoperatively. Results: One month after surgery, corneal endothelial cell counts in both groups were lower than preoperative levels. However, the experimental group exhibited higher corneal endothelial cell counts than the control group, with a smaller reduction in cell counts (p < 0.05). The corneal endothelial cell loss rate in the experimental group was lower than that in the control group one month postoperatively (p < 0.05). At the one-month follow-up, there were no significant differences in LogMAR visual acuity or non-contact intraocular pressure between the two groups compared to preoperative values (p > 0.05). Additionally, no significant differences were observed between the experimental and control groups in terms of LogMAR visual acuity, non-contact intraocular pressure, improvements in LogMAR visual acuity, or changes in non-contact intraocular pressure (p > 0.05). Conclusion: Attaching a free lens anterior capsular disc to the corneal endothelial surface during FLACS can effectively reduce intraoperative corneal endothelial cell loss.
基金funded by the National Nonprofit Institute Research Grant of Chinese Academy of Forestry(CAFYBB2011003,CAFYBB2011002)the Key Laboratory of Agrometeorological Support and Applied Technique of China Meteorological Administration(AMF201107,AMF201204)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(40801173)
文摘Remote sensing is a valuable and effective tool for monitoring and estimating aboveground biomass （AGB） in large areas.The current international research on biomass estimation by remote sensing technique mainly focused on forests,grasslands and crops,with relatively few applications for desert ecosystems.In this paper,Landsat Thematic Mapper （TM）/Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus （ETM＋） images from 1988 to 2007 and the data of 283 AGB samples in August 2007 were used to estimate the AGB for Mu Us Sandy Land over the past 30 years.Moreover,temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of AGB and influencing factors of climate and underlying surface were also studied.Results show that：（1） Differences of correlations exist in the fitted equations between AGB and different vegetation indices in desert areas.The modified soil adjusted vegetation index （MSAVI） and soil adjusted vegetation index （SAVI） show relatively higher correlations with AGB,while the correlation between normalized difference vegetation index （NDVI） and AGB is relatively lower.Error testing shows that the AGB-MSAVI model established can be used to accurately estimate AGB of Mu Us Sandy Land in August.（2） AGB in Mu Us Sandy Land shows the fluctuant characteristics over the past 30 years,which decreased from the 1980s to the 1990s,and increased from the 1990s to 2007.AGB in 2007 had the highest value,with a total AGB of 3.352×106 t.Moreover,in the 1990s,AGB had the lowest value with a total AGB of 2.328×106 t.（3） AGB with relatively higher values was mainly located in the middle and southern parts of Mu Us Sandy Land in the 1980s.AGB was low in the whole area in the1990s,and relatively higher AGB values were mainly located in the southern parts of Uxin.In 2007,AGB in the whole area was relatively higher than those of the last twenty years,and higher AGB values were mainly located in the northern,western and middle parts of Mu Us Sandy Land.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 51271131 and 51071108)
文摘In this work, the corrosion behavior of the ascast and extrusion and aging treatment Mg–2Zn–0.2Mn alloy in simulated body fluid(SBF) were studied. The wear behavior of Mg–2Zn–0.2Mn alloy was investigated using pin-on-disk technique and stainless steel as counterbody under a constant sliding velocity at different loads ranging from 2 to 5 N with deionized water and SBF as lubrication.The results showed that the extrusion and aging treatment Mg–2Zn–0.2Mn alloy exhibited better corrosion resistance compared with the as-cast alloy due to finer average grain size, more homogeneous phase distribution, and decrease in porosity. The friction coefficient of fractional pair under SBF and deionized water lubrication were obviously lower than that of dry sliding condition. However, the wear rate of Mg–2Zn–0.2Mn alloy under SBF lubrication was higher than that of dry sliding and deionized water lubrication due to the corrosiveness of SBF accelerated the wear of the magnesium alloy. The magnesium alloy exhibited different wear mechanisms with the variety of loads and lubrication conditions.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China （No.30371682）.
文摘A new series of bone affinity compounds were synthesized by linking chrysophanol with 5-fluorouracil derivatives. Their bone affinity was established by hydroxyapative （HA） affinity experiment in vitro, and their cytostatic effects were shown by the MTT assay.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.U1402267,31270281)to S.Q.H。
文摘Resource allocation to female and male function may vary among individual plants in species with variable sex expression.Size-dependent sex allocation has been proposed in hermaphrodites,in which female-biased allocation may increase with plant size.In many hermaphrodites with large floral displays,however,later-produced flowers tend to be functionally male.This paradoxical relationship between female and male function and plant size remains poorly understood.The subalpine lily Lilium lankongense has individuals of three sexual types:males with only staminate flowers,hermaphrodites with only perfect flowers,and andromonoecious plants with both perfect and staminate flowers.Here we tested theoretical predictions of size-dependent sex allocation in L.lankongense by measuring plant height and flower number of individuals of each sex at five field sites in the mountainous region of Shangri-La,southwestern China.To investigate variation in phenotypic gender,we identified sex expression of 457 individuals one year later.Our investigation showed that male plants,which usually produced one flower,were significantly smaller than and ro monoecious and hermaphrodite plants.In addition,the total flower numbers of andromonoecious and hermaphrodite plants increased significantly with plant size.Large individuals were more likely to produce terminal staminate flowers,as there were more flowers in andromonoecious than in hermaphrodite individuals.Non-flowered plants were significantly smaller than flowering ones.Perfect flowers had significantly larger petals and pistils than staminate flowers,but they did not differ in dry weight of stamens.Our findings indicate that when plants are small,the less costly sex is favored,consistent with the‘size-advantage hypothesis’.When plants are large,both female and male investments change isometrically,as later-produced flowers tend to be functionally male.
基金supported by Natural Science Foundation of China(91945301)Program of Shanghai Academic/Technology Research Leader(20XD1404000)+2 种基金Key Research Program of Frontier Sciences of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(QYZDB-SSWSLH035)the“Transformational Technologies for Clean Energy and Demonstration”and Strategic Priority Research Program of CAS(XDA21020600)the Youth Innovation Promotion Association of CAS。
文摘CO_(2)hydrogenation to value-added chemicals is a promising pathway to solve CO_(2)-relevant environmental problems but still remains a great challenge.Herein,we report a CeO_(2)nanostructure supported Rh single atoms(Rh-SAs/CeO_(2))catalyst and was used for the efficient CO_(2)hydrogenation to HCOOH.The Rh-SAs/CeO_(2)exhibited high catalytic activity with turnover numbers(TON)up to 221 at 200℃,which was 4-fold to that of CeO_(2)supported Rh nanoparticles(Rh-NPs/CeO_(2)).Moreover,HCOOH selectivity for Rh-SAs/CeO_(2)reached 85%,much higher than that of Rh-NPs/CeO_(2)(46%).Mechanism studies revealed that Rh single atoms in the Rh-SAs/CeO_(2)with high metal atoms utilization efficiency not only provided abundant active sites to promote the catalytic activity,but also suppressed the decomposition of HCOOH to CO and benefited the formation of HCOOH.
文摘Objective:To study the effect of atorvastatin combined with metformin on the lipid metabolism, hyperinsulinemia and oxidative stress in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).Methods:56 patients with NAFLD who were treated in our hospital between June 2012 and February 2016 were collected and divided into the observation group and control group (n=28) according to the single-blind random number table. Control group received conventional treatment + atorvastatin therapy, observation group received conventional treatment + atorvastatin combined with metformin therapy, and both therapies lasted for 12 weeks. Before treatment and after 12 weeks of treatment, fasting serum was collected from two groups of patients to determine the levels of lipid metabolism indexes, insulin resistance-related indexes and oxidative stress indexes.Results: Before treatment, the differences in the levels of serum lipid metabolism indexes, insulin resistance-related indexes and oxidative stress indexes were not statistically significant between two groups of patients. After 12 weeks of treatment, serum lipid metabolism indexes triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (CHO), and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels of observation group were lower than those of control group while high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) level was higher than that of control group;insulin resistance-related indexes fasting blood glucose (FBG), fasting insulin (FINS) and insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) levels were lower than those of control group;oxidation indexes reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA) and lipid hydroperoxide (LHP) levels were lower than those of control group while anti-oxidation indexes superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) levels were higher than those of control group.Conclusion:Atorvastatin combined with metformin can optimize the lipid metabolism, improve the insulin sensitivity and reduce the systemic oxidative stress level in patients with NAFLD.
基金supported by the Chongqing Municipal Talent Plan Project(cstc2024ycjh-bgzxm0186).
文摘The impact of longitudinal stiffener configurations on the structural performance of orthotropic steel bridge decks(OSD)was systematically investigated,with emphasis on U-shaped,T-shaped,and rectangular ribs.Finite element analysis was employed to evaluate deformation and stress distribution under three critical loading scenarios:vertical uniformload,vertical eccentric load,and lateral uniformload.Equivalentmodels ensuring identical steel usage,moment of inertia,and centroid alignment were established to compare five stiffener configurations.Results demonstrate that U-rib configurations exhibit superior performance in controlling local displacements and minimizing stress concentrations.Under eccentric loading,U-ribs significantly reduce deck displacement andmitigate stress fluctuations at critical junctions compared to alternative stiffeners.Stability analysis further reveals that U-ribs achieve stability coefficients substantially higher than open-section alternatives,particularly excelling under lateral loading due to enhanced torsional rigidity.Parametric optimization identifies key geometric thresholds where U-rib thickness exceeding 6 mm yields diminishing returns in stress reduction and stability enhancement,while deck flange thickness beyond 16 mm provides marginal improvements in displacement control despite increased material usage.An optimized design combining 6-mm U-ribs with 16-mm deck flanges is proposed,balancing structural efficiency with stringent deformation requirements for high-speed rail bridges.These findings provide foundational insights for optimizing stiffener selection and enhancing the longevity of orthotropic steel bridge decks in heavy-load applications.
基金financially supported by the State Administration for Market Regulation,China(No.2021MK050)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.50971043,51171046,21973012)+3 种基金the Key Research and Development Program of China(Nos.2022YFB3807200,CISRI-21T62450ZD)the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province,China(Nos.2021J01590,2020J01351,2018J01754,2020J01474)the Student Research and Training Program(SRTP) of Fuzhou University,China(No.29320)Fujian Provincial Department of Science & Technology,China(No.2021H6011)。
文摘In order to understand the influence of ordering behaviors on the thermodynamic and mechanical properties of multi-principal element alloys(MPEAs),the temperature-dependent thermodynamic properties and mechanical properties of FCC_CoNiV MPEAs were comparatively predicted,where the alloys were modeled as the ordered configurations based on our previously predicted site occupying fractions(SOFs),as well as disordered configuration based on traditional special quasi-random structure(SQS).The ordering behavior not only improves the thermodynamic stability of the structure,but also increases the elastic properties and Vickers hardness.For example,at 973 K,the predicted bulk modulus(B),shear modulus(G),Young’s modulus(E),and Vickers hardness(HV)of FCC_CoNiV MPEA based on SOFs configuration are 187.82,79.03,207.93,and 7.58 GPa,respectively,while the corresponded data are 172.58,57.45,155.14,and 4.64 GPa for the SQS configuration,respectively.The Vickers hardness predicted based on SOFs agrees considerably well with the available experimental data,while it is underestimated obviously based on SQS.
基金supported by the Shanghai Science and Technology Innovation Action Plan High-Tech Field Project(Grant No.22511100601)for the year 2022 and Technology Development Fund for People’s Livelihood Research(Research on Transmission Line Deep Foundation Pit Environmental Situation Awareness System Based on Multi-Source Data).
文摘To maintain the reliability of power systems,routine inspections using drones equipped with advanced object detection algorithms are essential for preempting power-related issues.The increasing resolution of drone-captured images has posed a challenge for traditional target detection methods,especially in identifying small objects in high-resolution images.This study presents an enhanced object detection algorithm based on the Faster Regionbased Convolutional Neural Network(Faster R-CNN)framework,specifically tailored for detecting small-scale electrical components like insulators,shock hammers,and screws in transmission line.The algorithm features an improved backbone network for Faster R-CNN,which significantly boosts the feature extraction network’s ability to detect fine details.The Region Proposal Network is optimized using a method of guided feature refinement(GFR),which achieves a balance between accuracy and speed.The incorporation of Generalized Intersection over Union(GIOU)and Region of Interest(ROI)Align further refines themodel’s accuracy.Experimental results demonstrate a notable improvement in mean Average Precision,reaching 89.3%,an 11.1%increase compared to the standard Faster R-CNN.This highlights the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm in identifying electrical components in high-resolution aerial images.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(11390363)
文摘In a bird strike, the bird undergoes large deformation like flows; while most part of the structure is in small deformation, the region near the impact point may experience large deformations, even fail. This paper develops a coupled shell-material point method （CSMPM） for bird strike simulation, in which the bird is modeled by the material point method （MPM） and the aircraft structure is modeled by the Belytschko-Lin-Tsay shell element. The interaction between the bird and the structure is handled by a particle-to-surface contact algorithm. The distorted and failed shell elements will be eroded if a certain criterion is reached. The proposed CSMPM takes full advantages of both the finite element method and the MPM for bird strike simulation and is validated by several numerical examples.
