Background Yueju Pill,a classic traditional Chinese medicine,shows antidepressant effects rapidly.However,biomarkers that can predict its treatment outcomes in major depressive disorder(MDD)are still lacking.Multimoda...Background Yueju Pill,a classic traditional Chinese medicine,shows antidepressant effects rapidly.However,biomarkers that can predict its treatment outcomes in major depressive disorder(MDD)are still lacking.Multimodal magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)offers a promising avenue to identify such biomarkers.Aims This pilot study aimed to explore whether therapeutic responses to Yueju Pill could be predicted by MRI-derived brain networks and to identify drug-specific biomarkers in comparison to escitalopram,a mainstream antidepressant.Methods We collected multimodal MRI data and blood samples from 28 outpatients with MDD from the Fourth People's Hospital of Taizhou,who were randomly divided into two groups to receive either Yueju Pill(23 g/time/day)or escitalopram(10 mg,two times a day)for 4 days.Morphological and functional brain networks were constructed and used to predict individual changes in symptoms quantified by the 24-item Hamilton Depression Scale(HAMD-24)scores and serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF)levels.Results After the treatment,both groups exhibited significant reductions in the HAMD-24 scores,while only the Yueju Pill group showed significant increases in the BDNF levels.Gyrification Index-based morphological networks predicted change rates of the HAMD-24 scores in both groups,but sulcus depth-based and cortical thickness-based morphological networks predicted change rates of the HAMD-24 scores and BDNF levels,respectively,only in the Yueju Pill group.Subnetwork analyses revealed that the visual network independently predicted the changes in both the HAMD-24 scores(sulcus depth-based networks)and BDNF levels(cortical thickness-based networks)following Yueju Pill treatment.Conclusions Morphological but not functional brain networks can predict symptom improvement and BDNF changes of patients with MDD after Yueju Pill treatment.Sulcus depth-based and cortical thickness-based morphological brain networks,particularly their visual subnetworks,might serve as Yueju Pill-specific biomarkers for predicting the therapeutic responses.These findings have the potential to guide personalised therapy for patients with MDD early in the therapeutic process.展开更多
Sleep is a biological phenomenon with highly conserved evolutionary characteristics.The American Academy of Sleep Medicine and the Sleep Research Society recommend that adults get at least 7 hours of sleep per night[1...Sleep is a biological phenomenon with highly conserved evolutionary characteristics.The American Academy of Sleep Medicine and the Sleep Research Society recommend that adults get at least 7 hours of sleep per night[1].However,the stress caused by fast-paced life often leads to sleep deprivation(SD).SD is strongly associated with damage to the auditory system[2,3].Obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome(OSAHS)is a common sleep disorder.Clinical observations indicate that some patients with OSAHS experience persistent hearing loss accompanied by tinnitus and other symptoms[4].More than 61.8%of patients with sudden deafness experienced SD[5].展开更多
The valorization of agricultural waste into high-value nanomaterials is crucial for advancing sustainable biorefineries.This study presents an efficient approach for extracting carboxylated cellulose nanocrystals(CNCs...The valorization of agricultural waste into high-value nanomaterials is crucial for advancing sustainable biorefineries.This study presents an efficient approach for extracting carboxylated cellulose nanocrystals(CNCs)from poplar leaf waste(PL),an abundant and underutilized biomass.The process involved alkaline treatment and hydrogen peroxide bleaching to purify cellulose(PL-CEL),followed by sequential periodate-chlorite oxidation to produce dicarboxylic cellulose nanocrystals(PL-CNCs).The resulting nanocrystals were comprehensively characterized using compositional analysis,XRD,FTIR,TEM,TGA,and zeta potential measurements.XRD analysis confirmed a high crystallinity index of 82%for PL-CEL,which decreased to 72.2%after oxidation due to the introduction of carboxyl groups.FTIR spectra revealed a prominent peak at 1720 cm-1,confirming successful carboxylation.TEM images showed rod-like nanocrystalswith an average length of 271.22 nmand width of 14.68 nm,while conductometric titration indicated a carboxyl content of 1.9 mmol/g.The PL-CNCs exhibited good colloidal stability with a zeta potential of-30.2mV at pH7.0.TGA demonstratedmoderate thermal stability with enhanced char formation.This work highlights a green and scalable route for converting poplar leaf waste into functional nanocellulose,suitable for applications in composites,adsorption,and sustainable materials.The novelty of this study lies in the pioneering use of poplar leaf waste combined with a sequential periodate-chlorite oxidation to sustainably produce carboxylated CNCs with enhanced functionality.展开更多
During the storehouse surface rolling construction of a core rockfilldam, the spreading thickness of dam face is an important factor that affects the construction quality of the dam storehouse' rolling surface and...During the storehouse surface rolling construction of a core rockfilldam, the spreading thickness of dam face is an important factor that affects the construction quality of the dam storehouse' rolling surface and the overallquality of the entire dam. Currently, the method used to monitor and controlspreading thickness during the dam construction process is artificialsampling check after spreading, which makes it difficult to monitor the entire dam storehouse surface. In this paper, we present an in-depth study based on real-time monitoring and controltheory of storehouse surface rolling construction and obtain the rolling compaction thickness by analyzing the construction track of the rolling machine. Comparatively, the traditionalmethod can only analyze the rolling thickness of the dam storehouse surface after it has been compacted and cannot determine the thickness of the dam storehouse surface in realtime. To solve these problems, our system monitors the construction progress of the leveling machine and employs a real-time spreading thickness monitoring modelbased on the K-nearest neighbor algorithm. Taking the LHK core rockfilldam in Southwest China as an example, we performed real-time monitoring for the spreading thickness and conducted real-time interactive queries regarding the spreading thickness. This approach provides a new method for controlling the spreading thickness of the core rockfilldam storehouse surface.展开更多
Microstructure evolution and hardening effect of pure tungsten and W-1.5%ZrO_(2) alloy under carbon ion irradiation are investigated by using transmission electron microscopy and nano-indentation.Carbon ion irradiatio...Microstructure evolution and hardening effect of pure tungsten and W-1.5%ZrO_(2) alloy under carbon ion irradiation are investigated by using transmission electron microscopy and nano-indentation.Carbon ion irradiation is performed at 700℃ with irradiation damages ranging from 0.25 dpa to 2.0 dpa.The results show that the irradiation defect clusters are mainly in the form of dislocation loop.The size and density of dislocation loops increase with irradiation damages intensifying.The W-1.5%ZrO_(2) alloy has a smaller dislocation loop size than that of pure tungsten.It is proposed that the phase boundaries have the ability to absorb and annihilate defects and the addition of ZrO_(2) phase improves the sink strength for irradiation defects.It is confirmed that the W-1.5% ZrO_(2) alloy shows a smaller change in hardness than the pure tungsten after being irradiated.From the above results,we conclude that the addition of ZrO_(2) into tungsten can significantly reduce the accumulation of irradiated defects and improve the irradiation resistance behaviors of the tungsten materials.展开更多
The aim of this present study was to investigate the effects of training on exercise tolerance of patients with coronary heart disease after percutaneous coronary intervention.Fifty-seven cases of coronary heart disea...The aim of this present study was to investigate the effects of training on exercise tolerance of patients with coronary heart disease after percutaneous coronary intervention.Fifty-seven cases of coronary heart disease after percutaneous coronary intervention were divided randomly into the rehabilitation training group（26 cases） and control group（31 cases）.Patients in the rehabilitation training group received rehabilitation training at different stages and exercise intensities 3 d after percutaneous coronary intervention for 3 months.The heart rate,blood pressure,ECG changes in treadmill exercise test,and the frequency of anginal episodes were observed.The results showed that NST and ΣST of ECG and the frequency of anginal episodes were significantly reduced in the rehabilitation training group.In addition,exercise tolerance was improved and the total exercise time was lengthened in these patients.Moreover,ST segment depression time and emergence time of angina with exercise were also lengthened compared with controls（P 〈 0.05,or 0.01）.However,the heart rate and blood pressure before and after exercise of the two groups were similar.The study indicated that rehabilitation training could significantly relieve angina,amend ischemic features of ECG,and improve exercise tolerance of coronary heart disease patients after percutaneous coronary intervention.展开更多
The results of a commissioning experiment on the SILEX-Ⅱlaser facility(formerly known as CAEP-PW)are reported.SILEX-Ⅱis a complete optical parametric chirped-pulse amplification laser facility.The peak power reached...The results of a commissioning experiment on the SILEX-Ⅱlaser facility(formerly known as CAEP-PW)are reported.SILEX-Ⅱis a complete optical parametric chirped-pulse amplification laser facility.The peak power reached about 1 PWin a 30 fs pulse duration during the experiment.The laser contrast was better than 1010 at 20 ps ahead of the main pulse.In the basic laser foil target interaction,a set of experimental data were collected,including spatially resolved x-ray emission,the image of the coherent transition radiation,the harmonic spectra in the direction of reflection,the energy spectra and beam profile of accelerated protons,hot-electron spectra,and transmitted laser energy fraction and spatial distribution.The experimental results show that the laser intensity reached 531020 W/cm^(2) within a 5.8μm focus(FWHM).Significant laser transmission did not occur when the thickness of theCHfoil was equal to or greater than 50 nm.The maximum energy of the accelerated protons in the target normal direction was roughly unchanged when the target thickness varied between 50 nm and 15μm.The maximum proton energy via the target normal sheath field acceleration mechanism was about 21 MeV.We expect the on-target laser intensity to reach 10^(22) W/cm^(2) in the near future,after optimization of the laser focus and upgrade of the laser power to 3 PW.展开更多
A series of 2,5-disubstituted pyrimido[5,4-c]quinoline derivatives were synthesized and their cytotoxic activity against H460, HT-29 and MDA-MB-231 cell lines was evaluated in vitro.It was found that most of the teste...A series of 2,5-disubstituted pyrimido[5,4-c]quinoline derivatives were synthesized and their cytotoxic activity against H460, HT-29 and MDA-MB-231 cell lines was evaluated in vitro.It was found that most of the tested compounds especially compound 17, shown stronger activity to the selected three cell lines than ZM447439.展开更多
Nanocomposite is proved to be an effective method to improve thermoelectric performance.In the present study,graphene is introduced into p-type skutterudite La0.8Ti0.1Ga0.1Fe3CoSb12 by plasma-enhanced chemical vapor d...Nanocomposite is proved to be an effective method to improve thermoelectric performance.In the present study,graphene is introduced into p-type skutterudite La0.8Ti0.1Ga0.1Fe3CoSb12 by plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition（PECVD）method to form skutterudite/graphene nanocomposites.It is demonstrated that the graphene has no obvious effect on the electrical conductivity of La0.8Ti0.1Ga0.1Fe3CoSb12,but the Seebeck coefficient is slightly improved at high temperature,thereby leading to high power factor.Furthermore,due to the enhancement of phonon scattering by the graphene,the lattice thermal conductivity is reduced significantly.Ultimately,the maximum z T value of La0.8Ti0.1Ga0.1Fe3CoSb12/graphene is higher than that of graphene-free alloy and reaches to 1.0 at 723 K.Such an approach raised by us enriches prospects for future practical application.展开更多
Artificial yarn muscles show great potential in applications requiring low-energy consumption while maintaining high performance. However, conventional designs have been limited by weak ion-yarn muscle interactions an...Artificial yarn muscles show great potential in applications requiring low-energy consumption while maintaining high performance. However, conventional designs have been limited by weak ion-yarn muscle interactions and inefficient “rocking-chair” ion migration. To address these limitations, we present an electrochemical artificial yarn muscle design driven by a dual-ion co-regulation system. By utilizing two reaction channels, this system shortens ion migration pathways, leading to faster and more efficient actuation. During the charging/discharging process, PF_6~- ions react with carbon nanotube yarn, while Li~+ ions react with an Al foil. The intercalation reaction between PF_6~- and collapsed carbon nanotubes allows the yarn muscle to achieve an energy-free high-tension catch state. The dual-ion coordinated yarn muscles exhibit superior contractile stroke, maximum contractile rate, and maximum power densities, exceeding those of “rocking-chair” type ion migration yarn muscles. The dual-ion co-regulation system enhances the ion migration rate during actuation, resulting in improved performance. Moreover, the yarn muscles can withstand high levels of isometric stress, displaying a stress of 61 times that of skeletal muscles and 8 times that of “rocking-chair” type yarn muscles at higher frequencies. This technology holds significant potential for various applications, including prosthetics and robotics.展开更多
BACKGROUND Retroperitoneal fibrosis is an exceptionally rare disease characterized by proliferation of fibrous tissue and inflammation in the retroperitoneum.It features many symptoms in the kidneys and in other organ...BACKGROUND Retroperitoneal fibrosis is an exceptionally rare disease characterized by proliferation of fibrous tissue and inflammation in the retroperitoneum.It features many symptoms in the kidneys and in other organs and usually leads to ureteral obstruction.CASE SUMMARY Here we present 9 consecutive cases of idiopathic retroperitoneal fibrosis(IRPF)in patients who presented to the Department of Nephrology or Department of Rheumatology,Xuanwu Hospital,Capital Medical University,Beijing,China,between January 2012 and June 2017 with ureteral obstruction due to external compression of the ureter that led to hydronephrosis and kidney dysfunction.Computed tomography imaging was used to identify hydronephrosis and ureteral obstruction and to evaluate kidney function.Each patient was diagnosed with IRPF based on clinical observation and computed tomography examination results.To restore kidney function,a retrograde metallic stent was placed in the ureter under X-ray guidance 2 d after each patient’s admission.No perioperative complications occurred in any patient,but postoperative complications occurred in two patients as follows:Patient 2 had stent migration and repeated metallic stent infections that resolved with treatment;and patient 4 had postoperative hematuria because he resumed normal activities too soon after stent placement(contrary to instruction).Placement of the metallic ureteral stents provided relief from ureteral obstruction and restored kidney function in all patients.CONCLUSION Our 9-case series underscores the utility and efficacy of applying the Resonance®metallic ureteral stent to treat ureteral obstruction in patients with IRPF.For all retroperitoneal fibrosis cases in our series,ureteral stents provided effective relief and were shown to reduce the incidence rate of perioperative and postoperative complications.展开更多
Distinct physical properties emerge at the nanoscale in Moirématerials,such as bilayer graphene and layeredmaterial superposition.This study explores similar structural features within a second-generation nickel-...Distinct physical properties emerge at the nanoscale in Moirématerials,such as bilayer graphene and layeredmaterial superposition.This study explores similar structural features within a second-generation nickel-based superalloy,unveiling potential formation mechanisms.Introducing the real space Moiréinversion method(RSMIM)for nanoscale imaging,combined with the transmission electron microscopy(TEM)nano-Moiréinversion method,we reveal spatial angles between specimen and reference lattices in 3D.Simultaneously,we reconstruct the Moirépattern region to deepen us understand the phenomenon of Moiréformation.Focused on face-centered cubicstructures,the research identifies six spatial angles,shedding light on Moirépatterns in the superalloy.TheRSMIM not only enhances understanding but also expands 3D structure measurement capabilities.The RSMIMserved to validate TEM nano-Moiréinversion results,ascertaining the spatial relative angle between lattices,and establishing a theoretical simulation model for Moirépatterns.This study marks a substantial step towarddesigning high-performance nanomaterials by uncovering dynamic Moirévariations.展开更多
Atomic force microscope(AFM)systems rely on silicon(Si)probes for precise nanoscale characterization across diverse environments.However,fabricating high-aspect-ratio(HAR)and sharp Si tips and optimizing the handle ge...Atomic force microscope(AFM)systems rely on silicon(Si)probes for precise nanoscale characterization across diverse environments.However,fabricating high-aspect-ratio(HAR)and sharp Si tips and optimizing the handle geometries remain significant challenges.Conventional HAR probe fabrication methods lack scalability,precision,and cost efficiency,while cuboid-shaped handles risk obstructing laser detection and limiting compatibility.This study presents an innovative batch-fabrication strategy for high-performance Si AFM probes that integrate ultra-sharp HAR tips,rectangular cantilevers,and universally compatible stair-shaped handles.Notably,the tip fabrication process employs only low-cost microscale ultraviolet(UV)lithography,while still achieving nanoscale structural resolution.The fabricated probes exhibit a tip apex radius of 5 nm and a half-cone angle of 7.5°,enabling high-resolution and highfidelity imaging.The novel stair-shaped handle geometry is introduced and fabricated via a single-step dry etching process,which provides unobstructed laser detection and ensures compatibility with a broad range of commercial AFM platforms.Durability testing demonstrates stable scanning performance for up to 8 hours within the 100 nm precision range,confirming the mechanical reliability of the design.This scalable,reproducible,and high-yield fabrication strategy represents a significant advancement in HAR AFM probe development,providing enhanced performance and extended applicability for diverse nanoscale imaging applications.展开更多
Defects are inevitably induced during the fabrication process of a metalens,which will affect the metalens's yield and optical performances.Thus,investigations on the fabrication defects are becoming increasingly ...Defects are inevitably induced during the fabrication process of a metalens,which will affect the metalens's yield and optical performances.Thus,investigations on the fabrication defects are becoming increasingly important for the mass production of metalenses.In this Letter,the optical performances of near-infrared metalenses with four types of fabrication defects are investigated.The results show that the process-induced defects obviously affect the focusing efficiency at λ=940 nm,but they have less impact on the quality of the focal spot.This work provides fabrication guidance for largescale manufacturing of metalenses in the future.展开更多
In the present work,p-type skutterudites La_(0.8)Ti_(0.1)Ga_(0.1)Fe_(3)CoSb_(12) composite with n-type Fe_(3)Si nanoprecipitate was fabricated via an in situ method.Both thermoelectric and mechanical properties of La_...In the present work,p-type skutterudites La_(0.8)Ti_(0.1)Ga_(0.1)Fe_(3)CoSb_(12) composite with n-type Fe_(3)Si nanoprecipitate was fabricated via an in situ method.Both thermoelectric and mechanical properties of La_(0.8)Ti_(0.1)Ga_(0.1)Fe_(3)CoSb_(12)/xFe_(3)Si composites were thoroughly investigated.With the introduction of homogeneously dispersed nanosized Fe_(3)Si in the matrix,the power factor is almost unchanged due to the counteraction between the decreased electrical conductivity and the significantly enhanced Seebeck coefficient.Simultaneously,the total thermal conductivity was decreased for samples with Fe_(3)Si nanoprecipitate because of the reduced electronic thermal conductivity.As a result,a ZT value of about 1.2 at 700 K has been achieved for La_(0.8)Ti_(0.1)Ga_(0.1)Fe_(3)CoSb_(12)/0.1Fe_(3)Si sample,whose ZT value was slightly enhanced in comparison with the Fe_(3)Si-freeLa_(0.8)Ti_(0.1)Ga_(0.1)Fe_(3)CoSb_(12) sample.Furthermore,the indentation fracture toughness of La_(0.8)Ti_(0.1)Ga_(0.1)Fe_(3)CoSb_(12)/0.1Fe_(3)Si was improved by nearly 30%compared to the Fe_(3)Si-free skutterudites.展开更多
Inulin fructotransferase(IFTase),a microbial enzyme,efficiently catalyzes the conversion of inulin into difruc-tose anhydrideⅢ(DFAⅢ).However,the poor stability and reusability of IFTase limits its industrial applica...Inulin fructotransferase(IFTase),a microbial enzyme,efficiently catalyzes the conversion of inulin into difruc-tose anhydrideⅢ(DFAⅢ).However,the poor stability and reusability of IFTase limits its industrial application.To overcome this challenge,IFTase from Paenarthrobacter aurescens QL1.001 was immobilized in calcium algi-nate microcapsules using the method of emulsification/internal gelation in this work.A systematic optimization of the microcapsule preparation parameters was conducted using a single-factor experimental design,resulting in an optimal formulation:1.5%sodium alginate concentration,a molar ratio of calcium carbonate to sodium alginate(Ca/Alg)of 0.33,a molar ratio of glacial acetic acid to calcium carbonate(acid/Ca)of 5,the enzyme amount of 4 mg,and ferroferric oxide(Fe_(3)O_(4))amount of 10 mg.Furthermore,the particle size of the micro-capsules was regulated via adjusting the stirring speed,revealing that as the stirring speed increased,the particle size decreased gradually,while the recovery of immobilized enzyme remained relatively stable.Compared to the free enzyme,IFTase immobilized within calcium alginate microcapsules demonstrated significantly enhanced pH and thermal stability.The immobilized enzyme retained 71.77%of its initial enzyme activity after incubation at 70℃ for 3 h.This immobilized enzyme also exhibited remarkable storage stability and reusability,retaining 14.83%of its initial activity after eight consecutive uses.In summary,the proposed calcium alginate micro-capsule immobilization technique for IFTase significantly improved enzyme stability and reusability,offering a practical approach for the industrial production of DFAⅢ.展开更多
Rice-derived peptides are a sustainable protein source with emerging lipid regulation functions.In this study,peptides with novel pancreatic lipase(PL)and cholesterol esterase(CE)inhibition from rice protein hydrolysa...Rice-derived peptides are a sustainable protein source with emerging lipid regulation functions.In this study,peptides with novel pancreatic lipase(PL)and cholesterol esterase(CE)inhibition from rice protein hydrolysates(RPHs)were identified by peptidomics.Then their alleviating effects and mechanisms on lipid accumulation in cells were investigated.55 peptides were identified,showing significant enrichment of Phe,Pro,Arg,and Leu,with hydrophobic/polar amino acids at terminal positions.Among them,five peptides(WQ7,FR6,GF6,GA7,and GY7)exhibited potent inhibitory activity against PL and CE,with IC_(50)values of 0.19-0.70μg/mL and 0.22-0.25μg/mL,respectively.Molecular docking studies revealed that five peptides bind stably to the active sites of PL(Phe77,Tyr114,Phe215,and His263)and CE(Ser194 and His435)through hydrogen bonding,PIalkyl,and PI-PI interactions.Dynamic simulations demonstrated that three peptides(WQ7,FR6,and GF6)form stable complexes with both CE and PL,exhibiting strong binding affinity.In vitro study confirmed that these peptides reduced levels of TC,TG,and LDL-c while increasing HDL-c content,with WQ7 showing superior efficacy.Western blot and qPCR results indicated WQ7 regulated lipid metabolism by suppressing the PPARγpathway and downregulating the protein expression of related factors,such as ACS,FASN,and SREBP-1c.This study showed that the WQ7,a multifunctional bioactive peptide,demonstrates direct enzyme-inhibitory activity and regulates core transcriptional pathways,providing theoretical support for utilizing rice protein in the development of lipid-lowering functional food.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2022YFE0201000)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.82472092,82174002,81874374 and 81673625)+2 种基金a grant from the Research Center for Brain Cognition and Human Development,Guangdong,China(No.2024B0303390003)Key Realm R&D Program of Guangzhou(No.202206010109)Taizhou Science and Technology Support Program(Social Development)project(No.TS2016-12).
文摘Background Yueju Pill,a classic traditional Chinese medicine,shows antidepressant effects rapidly.However,biomarkers that can predict its treatment outcomes in major depressive disorder(MDD)are still lacking.Multimodal magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)offers a promising avenue to identify such biomarkers.Aims This pilot study aimed to explore whether therapeutic responses to Yueju Pill could be predicted by MRI-derived brain networks and to identify drug-specific biomarkers in comparison to escitalopram,a mainstream antidepressant.Methods We collected multimodal MRI data and blood samples from 28 outpatients with MDD from the Fourth People's Hospital of Taizhou,who were randomly divided into two groups to receive either Yueju Pill(23 g/time/day)or escitalopram(10 mg,two times a day)for 4 days.Morphological and functional brain networks were constructed and used to predict individual changes in symptoms quantified by the 24-item Hamilton Depression Scale(HAMD-24)scores and serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF)levels.Results After the treatment,both groups exhibited significant reductions in the HAMD-24 scores,while only the Yueju Pill group showed significant increases in the BDNF levels.Gyrification Index-based morphological networks predicted change rates of the HAMD-24 scores in both groups,but sulcus depth-based and cortical thickness-based morphological networks predicted change rates of the HAMD-24 scores and BDNF levels,respectively,only in the Yueju Pill group.Subnetwork analyses revealed that the visual network independently predicted the changes in both the HAMD-24 scores(sulcus depth-based networks)and BDNF levels(cortical thickness-based networks)following Yueju Pill treatment.Conclusions Morphological but not functional brain networks can predict symptom improvement and BDNF changes of patients with MDD after Yueju Pill treatment.Sulcus depth-based and cortical thickness-based morphological brain networks,particularly their visual subnetworks,might serve as Yueju Pill-specific biomarkers for predicting the therapeutic responses.These findings have the potential to guide personalised therapy for patients with MDD early in the therapeutic process.
文摘Sleep is a biological phenomenon with highly conserved evolutionary characteristics.The American Academy of Sleep Medicine and the Sleep Research Society recommend that adults get at least 7 hours of sleep per night[1].However,the stress caused by fast-paced life often leads to sleep deprivation(SD).SD is strongly associated with damage to the auditory system[2,3].Obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome(OSAHS)is a common sleep disorder.Clinical observations indicate that some patients with OSAHS experience persistent hearing loss accompanied by tinnitus and other symptoms[4].More than 61.8%of patients with sudden deafness experienced SD[5].
基金funded by the basic scientific research Funds project of Heilongjiang Universities,grant number 2023-KYYWF-0570.
文摘The valorization of agricultural waste into high-value nanomaterials is crucial for advancing sustainable biorefineries.This study presents an efficient approach for extracting carboxylated cellulose nanocrystals(CNCs)from poplar leaf waste(PL),an abundant and underutilized biomass.The process involved alkaline treatment and hydrogen peroxide bleaching to purify cellulose(PL-CEL),followed by sequential periodate-chlorite oxidation to produce dicarboxylic cellulose nanocrystals(PL-CNCs).The resulting nanocrystals were comprehensively characterized using compositional analysis,XRD,FTIR,TEM,TGA,and zeta potential measurements.XRD analysis confirmed a high crystallinity index of 82%for PL-CEL,which decreased to 72.2%after oxidation due to the introduction of carboxyl groups.FTIR spectra revealed a prominent peak at 1720 cm-1,confirming successful carboxylation.TEM images showed rod-like nanocrystalswith an average length of 271.22 nmand width of 14.68 nm,while conductometric titration indicated a carboxyl content of 1.9 mmol/g.The PL-CNCs exhibited good colloidal stability with a zeta potential of-30.2mV at pH7.0.TGA demonstratedmoderate thermal stability with enhanced char formation.This work highlights a green and scalable route for converting poplar leaf waste into functional nanocellulose,suitable for applications in composites,adsorption,and sustainable materials.The novelty of this study lies in the pioneering use of poplar leaf waste combined with a sequential periodate-chlorite oxidation to sustainably produce carboxylated CNCs with enhanced functionality.
基金supported by the Innovative Research Groups of National Natural Science Foundation of China(No. 51621092)National Basic Research Program of China ("973" Program, No. 2013CB035904)National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51439005)
文摘During the storehouse surface rolling construction of a core rockfilldam, the spreading thickness of dam face is an important factor that affects the construction quality of the dam storehouse' rolling surface and the overallquality of the entire dam. Currently, the method used to monitor and controlspreading thickness during the dam construction process is artificialsampling check after spreading, which makes it difficult to monitor the entire dam storehouse surface. In this paper, we present an in-depth study based on real-time monitoring and controltheory of storehouse surface rolling construction and obtain the rolling compaction thickness by analyzing the construction track of the rolling machine. Comparatively, the traditionalmethod can only analyze the rolling thickness of the dam storehouse surface after it has been compacted and cannot determine the thickness of the dam storehouse surface in realtime. To solve these problems, our system monitors the construction progress of the leveling machine and employs a real-time spreading thickness monitoring modelbased on the K-nearest neighbor algorithm. Taking the LHK core rockfilldam in Southwest China as an example, we performed real-time monitoring for the spreading thickness and conducted real-time interactive queries regarding the spreading thickness. This approach provides a new method for controlling the spreading thickness of the core rockfilldam storehouse surface.
基金Project supported by the President's Foundation of the ChinaAcademy of Engineering Physics(Grant No.YZJJLX2018003)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.U2004180 and 12105261)the Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in Universities,China(Grant No.IRT1234).
文摘Microstructure evolution and hardening effect of pure tungsten and W-1.5%ZrO_(2) alloy under carbon ion irradiation are investigated by using transmission electron microscopy and nano-indentation.Carbon ion irradiation is performed at 700℃ with irradiation damages ranging from 0.25 dpa to 2.0 dpa.The results show that the irradiation defect clusters are mainly in the form of dislocation loop.The size and density of dislocation loops increase with irradiation damages intensifying.The W-1.5%ZrO_(2) alloy has a smaller dislocation loop size than that of pure tungsten.It is proposed that the phase boundaries have the ability to absorb and annihilate defects and the addition of ZrO_(2) phase improves the sink strength for irradiation defects.It is confirmed that the W-1.5% ZrO_(2) alloy shows a smaller change in hardness than the pure tungsten after being irradiated.From the above results,we conclude that the addition of ZrO_(2) into tungsten can significantly reduce the accumulation of irradiated defects and improve the irradiation resistance behaviors of the tungsten materials.
文摘The aim of this present study was to investigate the effects of training on exercise tolerance of patients with coronary heart disease after percutaneous coronary intervention.Fifty-seven cases of coronary heart disease after percutaneous coronary intervention were divided randomly into the rehabilitation training group（26 cases） and control group（31 cases）.Patients in the rehabilitation training group received rehabilitation training at different stages and exercise intensities 3 d after percutaneous coronary intervention for 3 months.The heart rate,blood pressure,ECG changes in treadmill exercise test,and the frequency of anginal episodes were observed.The results showed that NST and ΣST of ECG and the frequency of anginal episodes were significantly reduced in the rehabilitation training group.In addition,exercise tolerance was improved and the total exercise time was lengthened in these patients.Moreover,ST segment depression time and emergence time of angina with exercise were also lengthened compared with controls（P 〈 0.05,or 0.01）.However,the heart rate and blood pressure before and after exercise of the two groups were similar.The study indicated that rehabilitation training could significantly relieve angina,amend ischemic features of ECG,and improve exercise tolerance of coronary heart disease patients after percutaneous coronary intervention.
基金This work was supported by the National Key Program for S&T Research and Development(Grant No.2018YFA0404804)the Science Challenge Project(Grant No.TZ2016005)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.11805181).
文摘The results of a commissioning experiment on the SILEX-Ⅱlaser facility(formerly known as CAEP-PW)are reported.SILEX-Ⅱis a complete optical parametric chirped-pulse amplification laser facility.The peak power reached about 1 PWin a 30 fs pulse duration during the experiment.The laser contrast was better than 1010 at 20 ps ahead of the main pulse.In the basic laser foil target interaction,a set of experimental data were collected,including spatially resolved x-ray emission,the image of the coherent transition radiation,the harmonic spectra in the direction of reflection,the energy spectra and beam profile of accelerated protons,hot-electron spectra,and transmitted laser energy fraction and spatial distribution.The experimental results show that the laser intensity reached 531020 W/cm^(2) within a 5.8μm focus(FWHM).Significant laser transmission did not occur when the thickness of theCHfoil was equal to or greater than 50 nm.The maximum energy of the accelerated protons in the target normal direction was roughly unchanged when the target thickness varied between 50 nm and 15μm.The maximum proton energy via the target normal sheath field acceleration mechanism was about 21 MeV.We expect the on-target laser intensity to reach 10^(22) W/cm^(2) in the near future,after optimization of the laser focus and upgrade of the laser power to 3 PW.
基金supported by the Grant from National S & T Major Project of China(No2009ZX09301-012)
文摘A series of 2,5-disubstituted pyrimido[5,4-c]quinoline derivatives were synthesized and their cytotoxic activity against H460, HT-29 and MDA-MB-231 cell lines was evaluated in vitro.It was found that most of the tested compounds especially compound 17, shown stronger activity to the selected three cell lines than ZM447439.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.51622101,51771065,and 51471061)
文摘Nanocomposite is proved to be an effective method to improve thermoelectric performance.In the present study,graphene is introduced into p-type skutterudite La0.8Ti0.1Ga0.1Fe3CoSb12 by plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition（PECVD）method to form skutterudite/graphene nanocomposites.It is demonstrated that the graphene has no obvious effect on the electrical conductivity of La0.8Ti0.1Ga0.1Fe3CoSb12,but the Seebeck coefficient is slightly improved at high temperature,thereby leading to high power factor.Furthermore,due to the enhancement of phonon scattering by the graphene,the lattice thermal conductivity is reduced significantly.Ultimately,the maximum z T value of La0.8Ti0.1Ga0.1Fe3CoSb12/graphene is higher than that of graphene-free alloy and reaches to 1.0 at 723 K.Such an approach raised by us enriches prospects for future practical application.
基金financial support obtained from the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2020YFB1312900)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21975281)+1 种基金Key Research Project of Zhejiang lab (No. K2022NB0AC04)Jiangxi Double Thousand Talent Program (No. jxsq2020101008)。
文摘Artificial yarn muscles show great potential in applications requiring low-energy consumption while maintaining high performance. However, conventional designs have been limited by weak ion-yarn muscle interactions and inefficient “rocking-chair” ion migration. To address these limitations, we present an electrochemical artificial yarn muscle design driven by a dual-ion co-regulation system. By utilizing two reaction channels, this system shortens ion migration pathways, leading to faster and more efficient actuation. During the charging/discharging process, PF_6~- ions react with carbon nanotube yarn, while Li~+ ions react with an Al foil. The intercalation reaction between PF_6~- and collapsed carbon nanotubes allows the yarn muscle to achieve an energy-free high-tension catch state. The dual-ion coordinated yarn muscles exhibit superior contractile stroke, maximum contractile rate, and maximum power densities, exceeding those of “rocking-chair” type ion migration yarn muscles. The dual-ion co-regulation system enhances the ion migration rate during actuation, resulting in improved performance. Moreover, the yarn muscles can withstand high levels of isometric stress, displaying a stress of 61 times that of skeletal muscles and 8 times that of “rocking-chair” type yarn muscles at higher frequencies. This technology holds significant potential for various applications, including prosthetics and robotics.
文摘BACKGROUND Retroperitoneal fibrosis is an exceptionally rare disease characterized by proliferation of fibrous tissue and inflammation in the retroperitoneum.It features many symptoms in the kidneys and in other organs and usually leads to ureteral obstruction.CASE SUMMARY Here we present 9 consecutive cases of idiopathic retroperitoneal fibrosis(IRPF)in patients who presented to the Department of Nephrology or Department of Rheumatology,Xuanwu Hospital,Capital Medical University,Beijing,China,between January 2012 and June 2017 with ureteral obstruction due to external compression of the ureter that led to hydronephrosis and kidney dysfunction.Computed tomography imaging was used to identify hydronephrosis and ureteral obstruction and to evaluate kidney function.Each patient was diagnosed with IRPF based on clinical observation and computed tomography examination results.To restore kidney function,a retrograde metallic stent was placed in the ureter under X-ray guidance 2 d after each patient’s admission.No perioperative complications occurred in any patient,but postoperative complications occurred in two patients as follows:Patient 2 had stent migration and repeated metallic stent infections that resolved with treatment;and patient 4 had postoperative hematuria because he resumed normal activities too soon after stent placement(contrary to instruction).Placement of the metallic ureteral stents provided relief from ureteral obstruction and restored kidney function in all patients.CONCLUSION Our 9-case series underscores the utility and efficacy of applying the Resonance®metallic ureteral stent to treat ureteral obstruction in patients with IRPF.For all retroperitoneal fibrosis cases in our series,ureteral stents provided effective relief and were shown to reduce the incidence rate of perioperative and postoperative complications.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grand Nos.12002053,12372178 and 12327801)the Beijing Natural Science Foundation(Grand No.1204033).
文摘Distinct physical properties emerge at the nanoscale in Moirématerials,such as bilayer graphene and layeredmaterial superposition.This study explores similar structural features within a second-generation nickel-based superalloy,unveiling potential formation mechanisms.Introducing the real space Moiréinversion method(RSMIM)for nanoscale imaging,combined with the transmission electron microscopy(TEM)nano-Moiréinversion method,we reveal spatial angles between specimen and reference lattices in 3D.Simultaneously,we reconstruct the Moirépattern region to deepen us understand the phenomenon of Moiréformation.Focused on face-centered cubicstructures,the research identifies six spatial angles,shedding light on Moirépatterns in the superalloy.TheRSMIM not only enhances understanding but also expands 3D structure measurement capabilities.The RSMIMserved to validate TEM nano-Moiréinversion results,ascertaining the spatial relative angle between lattices,and establishing a theoretical simulation model for Moirépatterns.This study marks a substantial step towarddesigning high-performance nanomaterials by uncovering dynamic Moirévariations.
基金funded by the Canada Foundation for Innovation the Ontario Ministry of Research and Innovation,and Industry Canada.
文摘Atomic force microscope(AFM)systems rely on silicon(Si)probes for precise nanoscale characterization across diverse environments.However,fabricating high-aspect-ratio(HAR)and sharp Si tips and optimizing the handle geometries remain significant challenges.Conventional HAR probe fabrication methods lack scalability,precision,and cost efficiency,while cuboid-shaped handles risk obstructing laser detection and limiting compatibility.This study presents an innovative batch-fabrication strategy for high-performance Si AFM probes that integrate ultra-sharp HAR tips,rectangular cantilevers,and universally compatible stair-shaped handles.Notably,the tip fabrication process employs only low-cost microscale ultraviolet(UV)lithography,while still achieving nanoscale structural resolution.The fabricated probes exhibit a tip apex radius of 5 nm and a half-cone angle of 7.5°,enabling high-resolution and highfidelity imaging.The novel stair-shaped handle geometry is introduced and fabricated via a single-step dry etching process,which provides unobstructed laser detection and ensures compatibility with a broad range of commercial AFM platforms.Durability testing demonstrates stable scanning performance for up to 8 hours within the 100 nm precision range,confirming the mechanical reliability of the design.This scalable,reproducible,and high-yield fabrication strategy represents a significant advancement in HAR AFM probe development,providing enhanced performance and extended applicability for diverse nanoscale imaging applications.
基金supported by the Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Intelligent Sensing Chip Technology,National Key Laboratory of Infrared Detection Technologies(No.IRDT-23-08)the Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chips and Systems for Intelligent Connected Vehicle,National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.62204149,62205193,and U23A20356)the Shanghai Technical Service Computing Center of Science and Engineering,Shanghai University。
文摘Defects are inevitably induced during the fabrication process of a metalens,which will affect the metalens's yield and optical performances.Thus,investigations on the fabrication defects are becoming increasingly important for the mass production of metalenses.In this Letter,the optical performances of near-infrared metalenses with four types of fabrication defects are investigated.The results show that the process-induced defects obviously affect the focusing efficiency at λ=940 nm,but they have less impact on the quality of the focal spot.This work provides fabrication guidance for largescale manufacturing of metalenses in the future.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(no.51622101 and 51471061).
文摘In the present work,p-type skutterudites La_(0.8)Ti_(0.1)Ga_(0.1)Fe_(3)CoSb_(12) composite with n-type Fe_(3)Si nanoprecipitate was fabricated via an in situ method.Both thermoelectric and mechanical properties of La_(0.8)Ti_(0.1)Ga_(0.1)Fe_(3)CoSb_(12)/xFe_(3)Si composites were thoroughly investigated.With the introduction of homogeneously dispersed nanosized Fe_(3)Si in the matrix,the power factor is almost unchanged due to the counteraction between the decreased electrical conductivity and the significantly enhanced Seebeck coefficient.Simultaneously,the total thermal conductivity was decreased for samples with Fe_(3)Si nanoprecipitate because of the reduced electronic thermal conductivity.As a result,a ZT value of about 1.2 at 700 K has been achieved for La_(0.8)Ti_(0.1)Ga_(0.1)Fe_(3)CoSb_(12)/0.1Fe_(3)Si sample,whose ZT value was slightly enhanced in comparison with the Fe_(3)Si-freeLa_(0.8)Ti_(0.1)Ga_(0.1)Fe_(3)CoSb_(12) sample.Furthermore,the indentation fracture toughness of La_(0.8)Ti_(0.1)Ga_(0.1)Fe_(3)CoSb_(12)/0.1Fe_(3)Si was improved by nearly 30%compared to the Fe_(3)Si-free skutterudites.
基金supported by the Outstanding Youth Science Foundation of Shandong Province(No.ZR2022YQ28)Taishan Young Scholar Program of Shandong Province(NO.tsqn202103104)+2 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.31972203)Special Funds for Taishan Scholars Project(No.ts201712060)Major Innovation Pilot Project of Integration of Science,Education and Industry of Qilu University of Technology(Shandong Academy of Science)(No.2024ZDZX05,2022JBZ01-08).
文摘Inulin fructotransferase(IFTase),a microbial enzyme,efficiently catalyzes the conversion of inulin into difruc-tose anhydrideⅢ(DFAⅢ).However,the poor stability and reusability of IFTase limits its industrial application.To overcome this challenge,IFTase from Paenarthrobacter aurescens QL1.001 was immobilized in calcium algi-nate microcapsules using the method of emulsification/internal gelation in this work.A systematic optimization of the microcapsule preparation parameters was conducted using a single-factor experimental design,resulting in an optimal formulation:1.5%sodium alginate concentration,a molar ratio of calcium carbonate to sodium alginate(Ca/Alg)of 0.33,a molar ratio of glacial acetic acid to calcium carbonate(acid/Ca)of 5,the enzyme amount of 4 mg,and ferroferric oxide(Fe_(3)O_(4))amount of 10 mg.Furthermore,the particle size of the micro-capsules was regulated via adjusting the stirring speed,revealing that as the stirring speed increased,the particle size decreased gradually,while the recovery of immobilized enzyme remained relatively stable.Compared to the free enzyme,IFTase immobilized within calcium alginate microcapsules demonstrated significantly enhanced pH and thermal stability.The immobilized enzyme retained 71.77%of its initial enzyme activity after incubation at 70℃ for 3 h.This immobilized enzyme also exhibited remarkable storage stability and reusability,retaining 14.83%of its initial activity after eight consecutive uses.In summary,the proposed calcium alginate micro-capsule immobilization technique for IFTase significantly improved enzyme stability and reusability,offering a practical approach for the industrial production of DFAⅢ.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32572484)Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province(2022JJ30587,2022JJ50218)Science and Technology Innovation Program of Hunan Province(2024JK2145).
文摘Rice-derived peptides are a sustainable protein source with emerging lipid regulation functions.In this study,peptides with novel pancreatic lipase(PL)and cholesterol esterase(CE)inhibition from rice protein hydrolysates(RPHs)were identified by peptidomics.Then their alleviating effects and mechanisms on lipid accumulation in cells were investigated.55 peptides were identified,showing significant enrichment of Phe,Pro,Arg,and Leu,with hydrophobic/polar amino acids at terminal positions.Among them,five peptides(WQ7,FR6,GF6,GA7,and GY7)exhibited potent inhibitory activity against PL and CE,with IC_(50)values of 0.19-0.70μg/mL and 0.22-0.25μg/mL,respectively.Molecular docking studies revealed that five peptides bind stably to the active sites of PL(Phe77,Tyr114,Phe215,and His263)and CE(Ser194 and His435)through hydrogen bonding,PIalkyl,and PI-PI interactions.Dynamic simulations demonstrated that three peptides(WQ7,FR6,and GF6)form stable complexes with both CE and PL,exhibiting strong binding affinity.In vitro study confirmed that these peptides reduced levels of TC,TG,and LDL-c while increasing HDL-c content,with WQ7 showing superior efficacy.Western blot and qPCR results indicated WQ7 regulated lipid metabolism by suppressing the PPARγpathway and downregulating the protein expression of related factors,such as ACS,FASN,and SREBP-1c.This study showed that the WQ7,a multifunctional bioactive peptide,demonstrates direct enzyme-inhibitory activity and regulates core transcriptional pathways,providing theoretical support for utilizing rice protein in the development of lipid-lowering functional food.
