The availability of large data sets containing stellar parameters,distances,and extinctions for stars in the Milky Way,particularly within the Galactic disk,is essential for advancing our understanding of the Galaxy’...The availability of large data sets containing stellar parameters,distances,and extinctions for stars in the Milky Way,particularly within the Galactic disk,is essential for advancing our understanding of the Galaxy’s stellar populations,structure,kinematics,and chemical evolution.In this study,we present a catalog of stellar parameters,including effective temperature (T_(eff)),metallicity ([Fe/H]),absolute magnitudes (M_(G)),distances (d),and reddening values (E(G_(BP)-G_(RP))),for a sample of 141 million stars from the SkyMapper Southern Survey.These parameters are derived using the SPar algorithm,which employs a fitting procedure to match multi-band photometric observations and estimate the stellar properties (T_(eff),[Fe/H],M_(G),d,and E(G_(BP)-G_(RP))) on an individual star basis,following the methodology outlined in our previous work.This study successfully determines stellar parameters and extinction values simultaneously for stars located in high and low Galactic latitudes.The resulting stellar parameters and extinction values are in good agreement with results from other studies,demonstrating the robustness of our method.We derive a temperature dispersion of 195 K and a metallicity dispersion of 0.31 dex when comparing our results with spectroscopic data.The catalog produced in this work provides a valuable resource for future research on the Galactic metallicity distribution function,the structure of the Galaxy,threedimensional extinction mapping,and other related astrophysical topics.展开更多
KMT2D,a H3K4me1 methyltransferase primarily regulating enhancers,is a leading cause of KABUKI syndrome.This multisystem disorder leads to craniofacial and cognitive abnormalities,possibly through neural crest and neur...KMT2D,a H3K4me1 methyltransferase primarily regulating enhancers,is a leading cause of KABUKI syndrome.This multisystem disorder leads to craniofacial and cognitive abnormalities,possibly through neural crest and neuronal lineages.However,the impacted cell-of-origin and molecular mechanism of KMT2D during the development of KABUKI disease remains unknown.Here we have optimized a brain organoid model to investigate neural crest and neuronal differentiation.To pinpoint KMT2D's enhancer target,we developed a genome-wide cis-regulatory element explorer(GREE)based on single-cell multiomic integration.Single cell RNA-seq revealed that KMT2D-knockout(KO)and patient-derived organoids exhibited neural crest deformities and GABAergic overproduction.Mechanistically,GREE identified that KMT2D targets a roof-plate-like niche cell and activates the niche cell-specific WNT3A enhancer,providing the microenvironment for neural crest and neuronal development.Interestingly,KMT2D-mutated mice displayed decreased WNT3A expression in the diencephalon roof plate,indicating impaired niche cell function.Deleting the WNT3A enhancer in the organoids presented phenotypic similarities to KMT2D-depletion,emphasizing the WNT3A enhancer as the predominant target of KMT2D.Conversely,reactivating WNT signaling in KMT2D-KO rescued the lineage defects by restoring the microenvironment.Overall,our discovery of KMT2D's primary target provides insights for reconciling complex phenotypes of KABUKI syndrome and establishes a new paradigm for dissecting the mechanisms of genetic disorders from genotype to phenotype.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China12203016,12173034,12322304 and 12173013Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province No.A2022205018,A2021205006,226Z7604G+4 种基金Yunnan University grant No.C619300A034Science Foundation of Hebei Normal University No.L2022B33.W.Y.Cacknowledges the science research grants from the China Manned Space Projectthe support of Physics Postdoctoral Research Station at Hebei Normal Universitythe science research grants from the China Manned Space Project with NOs.CMS-CSST-2021-A09,CMS-CSST-2021-A08 and CMS-CSST-2021-B03。
文摘The availability of large data sets containing stellar parameters,distances,and extinctions for stars in the Milky Way,particularly within the Galactic disk,is essential for advancing our understanding of the Galaxy’s stellar populations,structure,kinematics,and chemical evolution.In this study,we present a catalog of stellar parameters,including effective temperature (T_(eff)),metallicity ([Fe/H]),absolute magnitudes (M_(G)),distances (d),and reddening values (E(G_(BP)-G_(RP))),for a sample of 141 million stars from the SkyMapper Southern Survey.These parameters are derived using the SPar algorithm,which employs a fitting procedure to match multi-band photometric observations and estimate the stellar properties (T_(eff),[Fe/H],M_(G),d,and E(G_(BP)-G_(RP))) on an individual star basis,following the methodology outlined in our previous work.This study successfully determines stellar parameters and extinction values simultaneously for stars located in high and low Galactic latitudes.The resulting stellar parameters and extinction values are in good agreement with results from other studies,demonstrating the robustness of our method.We derive a temperature dispersion of 195 K and a metallicity dispersion of 0.31 dex when comparing our results with spectroscopic data.The catalog produced in this work provides a valuable resource for future research on the Galactic metallicity distribution function,the structure of the Galaxy,threedimensional extinction mapping,and other related astrophysical topics.
基金supported by National Science Foundation of China(32225012)National Key R&D Program of China(2019YFA0110200)+5 种基金Health@Inno HK Program launched by Innovation Technology Commission of the Hong Kong SAR,China,Youth Innovation Promotion Association,Chinese Academy of Sciences(Jie Wang),National Science Foundation of China(32000414,32000503,and 32000501)The Science and Technology Program of Guangzhou 201804020052 and 202102021039the Pearl River Talent Recruitment Program(2021ZT09Y233)Basic Research Project of Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health,Chinese Academy of Sciences,(GIBHBRP23-01,GIBHBRP23-02)Frontier Science Research Program of the CAS ZDBS-LY-SM007Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangdong Province,China(2023B1212060050 and 2023B1212120009)。
文摘KMT2D,a H3K4me1 methyltransferase primarily regulating enhancers,is a leading cause of KABUKI syndrome.This multisystem disorder leads to craniofacial and cognitive abnormalities,possibly through neural crest and neuronal lineages.However,the impacted cell-of-origin and molecular mechanism of KMT2D during the development of KABUKI disease remains unknown.Here we have optimized a brain organoid model to investigate neural crest and neuronal differentiation.To pinpoint KMT2D's enhancer target,we developed a genome-wide cis-regulatory element explorer(GREE)based on single-cell multiomic integration.Single cell RNA-seq revealed that KMT2D-knockout(KO)and patient-derived organoids exhibited neural crest deformities and GABAergic overproduction.Mechanistically,GREE identified that KMT2D targets a roof-plate-like niche cell and activates the niche cell-specific WNT3A enhancer,providing the microenvironment for neural crest and neuronal development.Interestingly,KMT2D-mutated mice displayed decreased WNT3A expression in the diencephalon roof plate,indicating impaired niche cell function.Deleting the WNT3A enhancer in the organoids presented phenotypic similarities to KMT2D-depletion,emphasizing the WNT3A enhancer as the predominant target of KMT2D.Conversely,reactivating WNT signaling in KMT2D-KO rescued the lineage defects by restoring the microenvironment.Overall,our discovery of KMT2D's primary target provides insights for reconciling complex phenotypes of KABUKI syndrome and establishes a new paradigm for dissecting the mechanisms of genetic disorders from genotype to phenotype.
