Objective:The present study investigated how mild moxibustion treatment affects the intestinal Microbiome and expression of NLRP3-related immune factors in a rat model of intestinal mucositis(IM)induced with 5-fluorou...Objective:The present study investigated how mild moxibustion treatment affects the intestinal Microbiome and expression of NLRP3-related immune factors in a rat model of intestinal mucositis(IM)induced with 5-fluorouracil(5-Fu).Methods:Forty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into control,chemotherapy,moxibustion and probiotics groups.The IM rat model was established by intraperitoneal injection of 5-Fu.Mild moxibustion treatment and intragastric probiotic administration were provided once daily for 15 days.Tissue morphology,serum levels of inflammatory factors and the expression levels of tight junction proteins,caspase-1,gasdermin D and NLRP3 were evaluated in colon tissue,through hematoxylin and eosin staining,electron microscopy,enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,Western blotting,quantitative realtime reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and immunofluorescence.Gut microbiome profiling was conducted through 16 S rRNA amplicon sequencing.Results:Moxibustion and probiotic treatments significantly increased the expression levels of tight junction proteins,reduced cell apoptosis and the expression levels of caspase-1,gasdermin D and NLRP3;they also decreased the serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-α,interleukin(IL)-6,IL-1βand IL-18,while increasing serum levels of IL-10.Moxibustion and probiotic treatments also corrected the reduction inα-diversity andβ-diversity in IM rats,greatly increased the proportion of the dominant bacterial genus Lactobacillus and reduced the abundance of the genera Roseburia and Escherichia in chemotherapytreated rats to levels observed in healthy animals.We also found that these dominant genera were firmly correlated with the regulation of pyroptosis-associated proteins and inflammatory factors.Finally,moxibustion and probiotic treatments elicited similar effects in regulating intestinal host-microbial homeostasis and the expression of NLRP3 inflammasome-related factors.Conclusion:Moxibustion exerts its therapeutic effect on IM by ameliorating mucosal damage and reducing inflammation.Moreover,moxibustion modulates the gut microbiota,likely via decreasing the expression levels of the NLRP3 inflammasome.展开更多
High temperature industries are a critical focus for energy conservation and carbon reduction.As fundamental materials for these industries,refractories urgently require the development of high-performance,low thermal...High temperature industries are a critical focus for energy conservation and carbon reduction.As fundamental materials for these industries,refractories urgently require the development of high-performance,low thermal conductivity,and long service life materials to support green and low carbon development.To achieve refractories with both low thermal conductivity and excellent service performance,porous anorthite-spinel refractories were developed via in-situ decomposition pore-forming technology.The effects of spinel on microstructure evolution,strength,and thermal conductivity were investigated,supplemented by thermodynamic calculations.The results indicated that the porous anorthite-spinel refractory primarily consisted of anorthite and spinel,with minor corundum.Small-sized spinel particles were uniformly dispersed in the matrix,while the spinel reaction layers forming on the surfaces of large-sized crushed powder particles,wrapping around the remaining unreacted particles.The improvement of the degree of direct bonding between anorthite and spinel in the matrix and the small amount of diffusely distributed in situ spinel forced the deflection of the crack extension paths,which was conducive to the enhancement of the compressive strength of porous anorthite-spinel refractory.The optimized composition had 20 wt.%spinel and its apparent porosity and cold compressive strength were 43.6%and 37.8 MPa.Compared to porous anorthite refractories,the porous anorthite-spinel refractories exhibited a 21%reduction in thermal conductivity(500℃),and a 12%improvement in cold compressive strength.Valuable insights for the resource utilization of corundum dust and the design of energy efficient refractory insulation layers in high temperature industries are provided by this study.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82030118,82074232,81830120,81774095and 8170388)the Project of Shanghai Science and Technology Committee(No.19401972200)Shanghai Training Project for Leading Talents of Traditional Chinese Medicine(No.ZY[2018-2020]-RCPY-1024)。
文摘Objective:The present study investigated how mild moxibustion treatment affects the intestinal Microbiome and expression of NLRP3-related immune factors in a rat model of intestinal mucositis(IM)induced with 5-fluorouracil(5-Fu).Methods:Forty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into control,chemotherapy,moxibustion and probiotics groups.The IM rat model was established by intraperitoneal injection of 5-Fu.Mild moxibustion treatment and intragastric probiotic administration were provided once daily for 15 days.Tissue morphology,serum levels of inflammatory factors and the expression levels of tight junction proteins,caspase-1,gasdermin D and NLRP3 were evaluated in colon tissue,through hematoxylin and eosin staining,electron microscopy,enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,Western blotting,quantitative realtime reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and immunofluorescence.Gut microbiome profiling was conducted through 16 S rRNA amplicon sequencing.Results:Moxibustion and probiotic treatments significantly increased the expression levels of tight junction proteins,reduced cell apoptosis and the expression levels of caspase-1,gasdermin D and NLRP3;they also decreased the serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-α,interleukin(IL)-6,IL-1βand IL-18,while increasing serum levels of IL-10.Moxibustion and probiotic treatments also corrected the reduction inα-diversity andβ-diversity in IM rats,greatly increased the proportion of the dominant bacterial genus Lactobacillus and reduced the abundance of the genera Roseburia and Escherichia in chemotherapytreated rats to levels observed in healthy animals.We also found that these dominant genera were firmly correlated with the regulation of pyroptosis-associated proteins and inflammatory factors.Finally,moxibustion and probiotic treatments elicited similar effects in regulating intestinal host-microbial homeostasis and the expression of NLRP3 inflammasome-related factors.Conclusion:Moxibustion exerts its therapeutic effect on IM by ameliorating mucosal damage and reducing inflammation.Moreover,moxibustion modulates the gut microbiota,likely via decreasing the expression levels of the NLRP3 inflammasome.
基金financially supported by the Key Projects of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.U21A2058)Research Project of Hubei Provincial Department of Science and Technology(Grant No.2024CSA075)the Chiping Haoxin Industry Co.,Ltd.,Shandong,China.
文摘High temperature industries are a critical focus for energy conservation and carbon reduction.As fundamental materials for these industries,refractories urgently require the development of high-performance,low thermal conductivity,and long service life materials to support green and low carbon development.To achieve refractories with both low thermal conductivity and excellent service performance,porous anorthite-spinel refractories were developed via in-situ decomposition pore-forming technology.The effects of spinel on microstructure evolution,strength,and thermal conductivity were investigated,supplemented by thermodynamic calculations.The results indicated that the porous anorthite-spinel refractory primarily consisted of anorthite and spinel,with minor corundum.Small-sized spinel particles were uniformly dispersed in the matrix,while the spinel reaction layers forming on the surfaces of large-sized crushed powder particles,wrapping around the remaining unreacted particles.The improvement of the degree of direct bonding between anorthite and spinel in the matrix and the small amount of diffusely distributed in situ spinel forced the deflection of the crack extension paths,which was conducive to the enhancement of the compressive strength of porous anorthite-spinel refractory.The optimized composition had 20 wt.%spinel and its apparent porosity and cold compressive strength were 43.6%and 37.8 MPa.Compared to porous anorthite refractories,the porous anorthite-spinel refractories exhibited a 21%reduction in thermal conductivity(500℃),and a 12%improvement in cold compressive strength.Valuable insights for the resource utilization of corundum dust and the design of energy efficient refractory insulation layers in high temperature industries are provided by this study.
