Since the 1975 M_(S)7.3 Haicheng earthquake,spatio-temporal variations in the gravity field have attracted much attention as potential earthquake precursors.Recent technical advances in terrestrial gravity observation...Since the 1975 M_(S)7.3 Haicheng earthquake,spatio-temporal variations in the gravity field have attracted much attention as potential earthquake precursors.Recent technical advances in terrestrial gravity observation,along with the construction of a high-precision mobile gravity network covering Chinese mainland,have positioned temporal gravity variations(GVs)as an important tool for clarifying the signal characteristics and dynamic mechanisms of crustal sources.Reportedly,crustal mass transfer,which is affected by stress state and structural environment,alters the characteristics of the regional gravity field,thus serving as an indicator for locations of moderate to strong earthquakes and a seismology-independent predictor for regions at risk for strong earthquakes.Therefore,quantitatively tracking time-varying gravity is of paramount importance to enhance the effectiveness of earthquake prediction.In this study,we divided the areas effectively covered by the terrestrial mobile gravity network in the Sichuan-Yunnan region into small grids based on the latest observational data(since 2018)from the network.Next,we calculated the 1-and 3-year GVs and gravity gradient indicators(amplitude of analytic signal,AAS;total horizontal derivative,THD;and amplitude of vertical gradient,AVG)to quantitatively characterize variations in regional time-varying gravity field.Next,we assessed the effectiveness of gravity field variations in predicting earthquakes in the Sichuan-Yunnan region using Molchan diagrams constructed for gravity signals of 13 earthquakes(M≥5.0;occurred between 2021 and 2024)within the terrestrial mobile gravity network.The results reveal a certain correspondence between gravity field variations and the locations of moderate and strong earthquakes in the Sichuan-Yunnan region.Furthermore,the 3-year AAS and AVG outperform the 3-year THD in predicting subsequent seismic events.Notably,the AAS and AVG showed large probability gains prior to the M_(S)6.8 Luding earthquake,indicating their potential for earthquake prediction.展开更多
To solve the problems of complex lesion region morphology,blurred edges,and limited hardware resources for deploying the recognition model in pneumonia image recognition,an improved EfficientNetV2 pneumo-nia recogniti...To solve the problems of complex lesion region morphology,blurred edges,and limited hardware resources for deploying the recognition model in pneumonia image recognition,an improved EfficientNetV2 pneumo-nia recognition model based on multiscale attention is proposed.First,the number of main module stacks of the model is reduced to avoid overfitting,while the dilated convolution is introduced in the first convolutional layer to expand the receptive field of the model;second,a redesigned improved mobile inverted bottleneck convolution(IMBConv)module is proposed,in which GSConv is introduced to enhance the model’s attention to inter-channel information,and a SimAM module is introduced to reduce the number of model parameters while guaranteeing the model’s recognition performance;finally,an improved multi-scale efficient local attention(MELA)module is proposed to ensure the model’s recognition ability for pneumonia images with complex lesion regions.The experimental results show that the improved model has a computational complexity of 1.96 GFLOPs,which is reduced by 32%relative to the baseline model,and the number of model parameters is also reduced,and achieves an accuracy of 86.67%on the triple classification task of the public dataset Chest X-ray,representing an improvement of 2.74%compared to the baseline model.The recognition accuracies of ResNet50,Inception-V4,and Swin Transformer V2 on this dataset are 84.36%,85.98%,and 83.42%,respectively,and their computational complexities and model parameter counts are all higher than those of the proposed model.This indicates that the proposed model has very high feasibility for deployment in edge computing or mobile healthcare systems.In addition,the improved model achieved the highest accuracy of 90.98%on the four-classification public dataset compared to other models,indicating that the model has better recognition accuracy and generalization ability for pneumonia image recognition.展开更多
Cerebral neuroinflammation models were established by injecting 10μg lipopolysaccharide into the hippocampus of male Sprague-Dawley rats. The rats were treated with an intraperitoneal injection of 120, 90, or 60 mg/k...Cerebral neuroinflammation models were established by injecting 10μg lipopolysaccharide into the hippocampus of male Sprague-Dawley rats. The rats were treated with an intraperitoneal injection of 120, 90, or 60 mg/kg oxymatrine daily for three days prior to the lipopolysaccharide injection. Twenty-four hours after model induction, the hippocampus was analyzed by real-time quantitative PCR, and the cerebral cortex was analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and western blot assay. The results of the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and the real-time quantitative PCR showed that the secretion and mRNA expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin-113 and tumor necrosis factor-a were significantly decreased in the hippocampus and cerebral cortex of model rats treated with oxymatrine. Western blot assay and real-time quantitative PCR analysis indicated that toll-like receptor 4 mRNA and protein expression were significantly decreased in the groups receiving different doses of oxymatrine. Additionally, 120 and 90 mg/kg oxymatrine were shown to reduce protein levels of nuclear factor-KB p65 in the nucleus and of phosphorylated IKBa in the cytoplasm of brain cells, as detected by western blot assay. Experimental findings indicate that oxymatrine may inhibit neuroinflammation in rat brain via downregulating the expression of molecules in the toll-like receptor 4/nuclear factor-KB signaling Dathwav.展开更多
Lithium-sulfur battery(Li-S)is considered as one of the new-generation rechargeable batteries with high performance because of its extremely high theoretical capacity,energy density,environmental harmony and low cost....Lithium-sulfur battery(Li-S)is considered as one of the new-generation rechargeable batteries with high performance because of its extremely high theoretical capacity,energy density,environmental harmony and low cost.However,low electrical and ionic conductivity of sulfur,safety concerns and parasitic reaction generated by the dissolved polysulfide species in electrolyte hinder the commercialization of Li-S battery.Herein,we report a polyhedral porous structure comprising of carbon coating metal selenide nanoparticles(CoSe2/C),which could not only host sulfur for Li-S battery owing to its porous and conductive structure,but also mitigate the shuttle phenomenon by polysulfides adsorption and catalytic acceleration of redox kinetics.As a result,a performance enhanced CoSe2/C-S electrode for Li-S battery is achieved.展开更多
Compared with solid alkali metal anodes(Li, Na, K), liquid metal anodes(LMAs) could enable high-energy batteries due to their unique advantages, such as self-healing property and no dendrites. Among LMAs,liquid Na-K a...Compared with solid alkali metal anodes(Li, Na, K), liquid metal anodes(LMAs) could enable high-energy batteries due to their unique advantages, such as self-healing property and no dendrites. Among LMAs,liquid Na-K alloy anode has become a hotspot due to its high theoretical capacity, low redox potential and formation at room temperature(RT). However, it is challenging to utilize liquid Na-K alloy directly and independently as an electrode;and the high surface tension makes it more difficult to immerse into porous current collectors at RT. Herein, an amorphous hollow carbon film(AHCF) consisting of hollow spheres with significant surface defects has been designed to quickly infiltrate Na-K liquid alloy into the hollow carbon film at RT, forming a composite electrode(Na-K@AHCF). The symmetric cell with Na-K@AHCF could exhibit a cycle lifespan up to 400 h at 0.1 m A/cm^(2) and achieve stable stripping/deposition even at 5 mA/cm^(2). When matching with cathode material of sulfurized polyacrylonitrile(SPAN), the obtained K-S full cell exhibits good cycle stability and rate performance.展开更多
SrLi_(2)Ti_(6)O_(14)(SLTO)coated with different amount of ZrO_(2)was successfully prepared.The as-obtained composites are stacked by a series of particles with a pure phase structure and a good crystallinity.Furthermo...SrLi_(2)Ti_(6)O_(14)(SLTO)coated with different amount of ZrO_(2)was successfully prepared.The as-obtained composites are stacked by a series of particles with a pure phase structure and a good crystallinity.Furthermore,ZrO_(2)coating not only enhances the structural stability of the materials but also facilitates the diffusion of lithium through the SEI film.As a result,the redox polarization was reduced,and the reversibility of the electrochemical reaction was enhanced.Particularly,SLTO-ZrO_(2)-2 sample delivers a high initial lithiation capacity of 283.6 mA h g^(-1),and the values maintain at 251.7,228.0,207.4,175.3,and 147.7 mA h g^(-1)at the current densities of 0.13,0.26,0.54,1.31,and 2.62 A g^(-1),respectively.Our experiment also confirmed that SLTO materials coated with ZrO_(2)are suitable for high power density applications,and the lithiation specific energy efficiency of SLTO-ZrO_(2)-2 is 200%as high as that of pure SLTO at a power density of 1257 W kg^(-1).展开更多
Ⅰ.Urbanization and modern social transformation Urbanization is a sociology concept which is a process of social development for agricultural population shifting to urban population in the process of social moderni...Ⅰ.Urbanization and modern social transformation Urbanization is a sociology concept which is a process of social development for agricultural population shifting to urban population in the process of social modernization.展开更多
[Objectives]To observe the protective effect of Cordyceps cicadae polysaccharides on acute liver injury induced by D-galactosamine( D-GlaN) in mice,and to explore its mechanism. [Methods] Seventy-five male Kunming mic...[Objectives]To observe the protective effect of Cordyceps cicadae polysaccharides on acute liver injury induced by D-galactosamine( D-GlaN) in mice,and to explore its mechanism. [Methods] Seventy-five male Kunming mice were randomly and evenly divided into 5 groups according to the digital table method: normal group( CK)( injected intraperitoneally with saline solution),model group( injected intraperitoneally with D-GlaN),low-dose C. cicadae polysaccharides group( administered with 0. 5 g/kg of C. cicadae polysaccharides solution by gavage),middle-dose C. cicadae polysaccharides group( administered with 1. 0 g/kg of C. cicadae polysaccharides solution by gavage) and high-dose C. cicadae polysaccharides group( administered with 2. 0 g/kg of C. cicadae polysaccharides solution by gavage). After 12 d of administration,the liver histopathological score,liver homogenate indexes( superoxide dismutase,SOD; malondialdehyde,MDA; glutathione peroxidase,GSH-Px; nitric oxide,NO) and serum markers( aspartate transaminase,AST; alanine transaminase,ALT; alkaline phosphatase,ALP; cholinesterase,CHE) of mice in each group were detected. The expression levels of nuclear factor-κB( NF-κB) and tumor necrosis factor-α( TNF-α) in liver tissues were detected by immunohistochemistry. [Results]The liver histopathological score and the MDA,NO,AST,ALT,ALP,NF-κB and TNF-α levels were significantly higher( P < 0. 05) and the SOD,GSH-Px and CHE levels were significantly lower( P <0. 05) in the model group compared with the normal group. Compared with those in the model group,the liver tissue histopathological scores in the low-,middle-and high-dose C. cicadae polysaccharides groups were all significantly reduced( P < 0. 05). With the increase of treatment dose,the liver tissue histopathological scores showed a significant decrease( P < 0. 05). Compared with the model group,the levels of MDA,NO,AST,ALT,ALP,NF-κB and TNF-α were significantly lower( P < 0. 05),and the levels of SOD,GSH-Px and CHE were significantly higher( P < 0. 05) in the low-,middle-and high-dose C. cicadae polysaccharides groups. With the increase of treatment dose,the levels of MDA,NO,AST,ALT,ALP,NF-κB and TNF-α declined significantly( P < 0. 05),while the levels of SOD,GSH-Px and CHE rose significantly( P < 0. 05). [Conclusions] C. cicadae polysaccharides have a significant protective effect on D-GlaN-induced acute liver injury in mice in a dose-dependent manner,and the mechanism may be related to the inhibition of NF-κB inflammatory signaling pathway.展开更多
Reductive debromination of anhydro-6-(R)-hydroxycthyl-6-(R) 7 by zinc in ammonium acetate gave 9 in 81% yield with high stcreosclectivity of 6-(α):6-(β)= 13: 1
基金funded by the National Key R&D Program of China(Nos.2023YFE0101800 and 2023YFC 3007305)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.42004069 and 42204093)Special Fund of the Institute of Geophysics,China Earthquake Administration(No.DQJB24X24).
文摘Since the 1975 M_(S)7.3 Haicheng earthquake,spatio-temporal variations in the gravity field have attracted much attention as potential earthquake precursors.Recent technical advances in terrestrial gravity observation,along with the construction of a high-precision mobile gravity network covering Chinese mainland,have positioned temporal gravity variations(GVs)as an important tool for clarifying the signal characteristics and dynamic mechanisms of crustal sources.Reportedly,crustal mass transfer,which is affected by stress state and structural environment,alters the characteristics of the regional gravity field,thus serving as an indicator for locations of moderate to strong earthquakes and a seismology-independent predictor for regions at risk for strong earthquakes.Therefore,quantitatively tracking time-varying gravity is of paramount importance to enhance the effectiveness of earthquake prediction.In this study,we divided the areas effectively covered by the terrestrial mobile gravity network in the Sichuan-Yunnan region into small grids based on the latest observational data(since 2018)from the network.Next,we calculated the 1-and 3-year GVs and gravity gradient indicators(amplitude of analytic signal,AAS;total horizontal derivative,THD;and amplitude of vertical gradient,AVG)to quantitatively characterize variations in regional time-varying gravity field.Next,we assessed the effectiveness of gravity field variations in predicting earthquakes in the Sichuan-Yunnan region using Molchan diagrams constructed for gravity signals of 13 earthquakes(M≥5.0;occurred between 2021 and 2024)within the terrestrial mobile gravity network.The results reveal a certain correspondence between gravity field variations and the locations of moderate and strong earthquakes in the Sichuan-Yunnan region.Furthermore,the 3-year AAS and AVG outperform the 3-year THD in predicting subsequent seismic events.Notably,the AAS and AVG showed large probability gains prior to the M_(S)6.8 Luding earthquake,indicating their potential for earthquake prediction.
基金supported by the Scientific Research Fund of Hunan Provincial Education Department,China(Grant Nos.21C0439,22A0408).
文摘To solve the problems of complex lesion region morphology,blurred edges,and limited hardware resources for deploying the recognition model in pneumonia image recognition,an improved EfficientNetV2 pneumo-nia recognition model based on multiscale attention is proposed.First,the number of main module stacks of the model is reduced to avoid overfitting,while the dilated convolution is introduced in the first convolutional layer to expand the receptive field of the model;second,a redesigned improved mobile inverted bottleneck convolution(IMBConv)module is proposed,in which GSConv is introduced to enhance the model’s attention to inter-channel information,and a SimAM module is introduced to reduce the number of model parameters while guaranteeing the model’s recognition performance;finally,an improved multi-scale efficient local attention(MELA)module is proposed to ensure the model’s recognition ability for pneumonia images with complex lesion regions.The experimental results show that the improved model has a computational complexity of 1.96 GFLOPs,which is reduced by 32%relative to the baseline model,and the number of model parameters is also reduced,and achieves an accuracy of 86.67%on the triple classification task of the public dataset Chest X-ray,representing an improvement of 2.74%compared to the baseline model.The recognition accuracies of ResNet50,Inception-V4,and Swin Transformer V2 on this dataset are 84.36%,85.98%,and 83.42%,respectively,and their computational complexities and model parameter counts are all higher than those of the proposed model.This indicates that the proposed model has very high feasibility for deployment in edge computing or mobile healthcare systems.In addition,the improved model achieved the highest accuracy of 90.98%on the four-classification public dataset compared to other models,indicating that the model has better recognition accuracy and generalization ability for pneumonia image recognition.
基金supported by a project of the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education InstitutionsApplied Research and Technology Plan of Nantong City, No. k2010036+2 种基金2011 Jiangsu Graduated Students' Research and Innovation Program, No. CX2211-0640Nantong University Graduated Students' Technological and Innovative Program, No. YKC11033Students' Practice Innovative Training Project of Nantong University
文摘Cerebral neuroinflammation models were established by injecting 10μg lipopolysaccharide into the hippocampus of male Sprague-Dawley rats. The rats were treated with an intraperitoneal injection of 120, 90, or 60 mg/kg oxymatrine daily for three days prior to the lipopolysaccharide injection. Twenty-four hours after model induction, the hippocampus was analyzed by real-time quantitative PCR, and the cerebral cortex was analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and western blot assay. The results of the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and the real-time quantitative PCR showed that the secretion and mRNA expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin-113 and tumor necrosis factor-a were significantly decreased in the hippocampus and cerebral cortex of model rats treated with oxymatrine. Western blot assay and real-time quantitative PCR analysis indicated that toll-like receptor 4 mRNA and protein expression were significantly decreased in the groups receiving different doses of oxymatrine. Additionally, 120 and 90 mg/kg oxymatrine were shown to reduce protein levels of nuclear factor-KB p65 in the nucleus and of phosphorylated IKBa in the cytoplasm of brain cells, as detected by western blot assay. Experimental findings indicate that oxymatrine may inhibit neuroinflammation in rat brain via downregulating the expression of molecules in the toll-like receptor 4/nuclear factor-KB signaling Dathwav.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51702155,51902036)the National Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars(21625401)+3 种基金the Jiangsu Provincial Founds for Natural Science Foundation(BK20170975)the Natural Science Fund for Colleges and Universities in Jiangsu Province(17KJB480007)the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2017YFA0207202 and 2017YFA0207201)the Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing Science&Technology Commission(No.cstc2019jcyj-msxm X0144)。
文摘Lithium-sulfur battery(Li-S)is considered as one of the new-generation rechargeable batteries with high performance because of its extremely high theoretical capacity,energy density,environmental harmony and low cost.However,low electrical and ionic conductivity of sulfur,safety concerns and parasitic reaction generated by the dissolved polysulfide species in electrolyte hinder the commercialization of Li-S battery.Herein,we report a polyhedral porous structure comprising of carbon coating metal selenide nanoparticles(CoSe2/C),which could not only host sulfur for Li-S battery owing to its porous and conductive structure,but also mitigate the shuttle phenomenon by polysulfides adsorption and catalytic acceleration of redox kinetics.As a result,a performance enhanced CoSe2/C-S electrode for Li-S battery is achieved.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51702155)。
文摘Compared with solid alkali metal anodes(Li, Na, K), liquid metal anodes(LMAs) could enable high-energy batteries due to their unique advantages, such as self-healing property and no dendrites. Among LMAs,liquid Na-K alloy anode has become a hotspot due to its high theoretical capacity, low redox potential and formation at room temperature(RT). However, it is challenging to utilize liquid Na-K alloy directly and independently as an electrode;and the high surface tension makes it more difficult to immerse into porous current collectors at RT. Herein, an amorphous hollow carbon film(AHCF) consisting of hollow spheres with significant surface defects has been designed to quickly infiltrate Na-K liquid alloy into the hollow carbon film at RT, forming a composite electrode(Na-K@AHCF). The symmetric cell with Na-K@AHCF could exhibit a cycle lifespan up to 400 h at 0.1 m A/cm^(2) and achieve stable stripping/deposition even at 5 mA/cm^(2). When matching with cathode material of sulfurized polyacrylonitrile(SPAN), the obtained K-S full cell exhibits good cycle stability and rate performance.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(nos.21773060,51774002,and 21601054)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(no.N182304014)+1 种基金Youth Innovation Team Project of Science and technology of Heilongjiang University(2018-KYYWF-1593)Young Scholar Project of the Long Jiang Scholars Program(Q201818)
文摘SrLi_(2)Ti_(6)O_(14)(SLTO)coated with different amount of ZrO_(2)was successfully prepared.The as-obtained composites are stacked by a series of particles with a pure phase structure and a good crystallinity.Furthermore,ZrO_(2)coating not only enhances the structural stability of the materials but also facilitates the diffusion of lithium through the SEI film.As a result,the redox polarization was reduced,and the reversibility of the electrochemical reaction was enhanced.Particularly,SLTO-ZrO_(2)-2 sample delivers a high initial lithiation capacity of 283.6 mA h g^(-1),and the values maintain at 251.7,228.0,207.4,175.3,and 147.7 mA h g^(-1)at the current densities of 0.13,0.26,0.54,1.31,and 2.62 A g^(-1),respectively.Our experiment also confirmed that SLTO materials coated with ZrO_(2)are suitable for high power density applications,and the lithiation specific energy efficiency of SLTO-ZrO_(2)-2 is 200%as high as that of pure SLTO at a power density of 1257 W kg^(-1).
文摘Ⅰ.Urbanization and modern social transformation Urbanization is a sociology concept which is a process of social development for agricultural population shifting to urban population in the process of social modernization.
基金Supported by Research Project for Practice Development of National TCM Clinical Research Bases(JDZX2012059)
文摘[Objectives]To observe the protective effect of Cordyceps cicadae polysaccharides on acute liver injury induced by D-galactosamine( D-GlaN) in mice,and to explore its mechanism. [Methods] Seventy-five male Kunming mice were randomly and evenly divided into 5 groups according to the digital table method: normal group( CK)( injected intraperitoneally with saline solution),model group( injected intraperitoneally with D-GlaN),low-dose C. cicadae polysaccharides group( administered with 0. 5 g/kg of C. cicadae polysaccharides solution by gavage),middle-dose C. cicadae polysaccharides group( administered with 1. 0 g/kg of C. cicadae polysaccharides solution by gavage) and high-dose C. cicadae polysaccharides group( administered with 2. 0 g/kg of C. cicadae polysaccharides solution by gavage). After 12 d of administration,the liver histopathological score,liver homogenate indexes( superoxide dismutase,SOD; malondialdehyde,MDA; glutathione peroxidase,GSH-Px; nitric oxide,NO) and serum markers( aspartate transaminase,AST; alanine transaminase,ALT; alkaline phosphatase,ALP; cholinesterase,CHE) of mice in each group were detected. The expression levels of nuclear factor-κB( NF-κB) and tumor necrosis factor-α( TNF-α) in liver tissues were detected by immunohistochemistry. [Results]The liver histopathological score and the MDA,NO,AST,ALT,ALP,NF-κB and TNF-α levels were significantly higher( P < 0. 05) and the SOD,GSH-Px and CHE levels were significantly lower( P <0. 05) in the model group compared with the normal group. Compared with those in the model group,the liver tissue histopathological scores in the low-,middle-and high-dose C. cicadae polysaccharides groups were all significantly reduced( P < 0. 05). With the increase of treatment dose,the liver tissue histopathological scores showed a significant decrease( P < 0. 05). Compared with the model group,the levels of MDA,NO,AST,ALT,ALP,NF-κB and TNF-α were significantly lower( P < 0. 05),and the levels of SOD,GSH-Px and CHE were significantly higher( P < 0. 05) in the low-,middle-and high-dose C. cicadae polysaccharides groups. With the increase of treatment dose,the levels of MDA,NO,AST,ALT,ALP,NF-κB and TNF-α declined significantly( P < 0. 05),while the levels of SOD,GSH-Px and CHE rose significantly( P < 0. 05). [Conclusions] C. cicadae polysaccharides have a significant protective effect on D-GlaN-induced acute liver injury in mice in a dose-dependent manner,and the mechanism may be related to the inhibition of NF-κB inflammatory signaling pathway.
文摘Reductive debromination of anhydro-6-(R)-hydroxycthyl-6-(R) 7 by zinc in ammonium acetate gave 9 in 81% yield with high stcreosclectivity of 6-(α):6-(β)= 13: 1
