Metal-organic frameworks(MOFs)are well-documented for visible light photocatalysis because of their tailorable structures and tunable absorptions through organic linkers.By employing a highly conjugated linker,4,4'...Metal-organic frameworks(MOFs)are well-documented for visible light photocatalysis because of their tailorable structures and tunable absorptions through organic linkers.By employing a highly conjugated linker,4,4',4'',4'''-(pyrene-1,3,6,8-tetrayltetrakis(ethyne-2,1-diyl))tetrabenzoic acid,the optical absorption of the MOF NU-1100 is effectively tuned to visible light below 600 nm region.Under green light irradiation,NU-1100 triggers charge separation and modulates electron transfer from the linkers to the Zr_(6)O_(4)(OH)_(4)^(12+)clusters,driving the oxidation of sulfides to sulfoxides.Notably,adding a redox mediator radically expedites the oxidation of sulfides by NU-1100 photocatalysis,TEMPO(2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-N-oxyl)and 4-carboxy-TEMPO.At least 2.7 and 5.2 times of conversions of phenyl methyl sulfide are achieved by NU-1100 photocatalysis with TEMPO and 4-carboxy-TEMPO,respectively.A series of characterizations illustrate that 4-carboxy-TEMPO is adsorbed onto the exterior surface of Zr_(6)O_(4)(OH)_(4)^(12+)clusters of NU-1100 to mediate hole transfer and achieve higher charge transfer efficiency.Mechanistic studies indicate that superoxide is the essential reactive oxygen species and that the oxidation of sulfides is driven by an electron transfer pathway.This study demonstrates the integration of redox mediators with MOFs can drive more efficient visible light photocatalytic reactions.展开更多
AIM:To analyze RASSF6 expression in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma(PDAC) and to determine whether RASSF6 has an independent prognostic value in PDAC.METHODS:We studied RASSF6 expression in 96 histologically confirme...AIM:To analyze RASSF6 expression in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma(PDAC) and to determine whether RASSF6 has an independent prognostic value in PDAC.METHODS:We studied RASSF6 expression in 96 histologically confirmed PDAC samples and 20 chronic pancreatitis specimens using immunohistochemistry and real-time quantitative reverse transcription-PCR.PDAC issues were then classified as RASSF6 strongly positive,weakly positive or negative.RASSF6 mR NA and protein expression in PDAC samples with strong positive staining was further evaluated using real-time PCR and Western blot analysis.Lastly,correlations between RASSF6 staining and patients' clinicopathological variables and outcomes were assessed.RESULTS:RASSF6 was negatively expressed in 51(53.1%) PDAC samples,weakly positively expressed in 29(30.2%) and strongly positively expressed in16(16.7%),while its expression was much higher in para-tumor tissues and chronic pancreatitis tissues.Positive relationships between RASSF6 expression and T-stage(P = 0.047) and perineural invasion(P = 0.026) were observed.The median survival time of strongly and weakly positive and negative RASSF6 staining groups was 33 mo,15 mo and 11 mo,respectively.Cox multivariate analysis indicated that RASSF6 was an independent prognostic indicator of overall survival in patients with PDAC.A survival curve analysis revealed that increased RASSF6 expression was correlated with better overall survival(P = 0.009).CONCLUSION:RASSF6 expression is an independent biomarker of an unfavorable prognosis in patients with PDAC.展开更多
BACKGROUND Cuproptosis has recently been considered a novel form of programmed cell death.To date,long-chain non-coding RNAs(lncRNAs)crucial to the regulation of this process remain unelucidated.AIM To identify lncRNA...BACKGROUND Cuproptosis has recently been considered a novel form of programmed cell death.To date,long-chain non-coding RNAs(lncRNAs)crucial to the regulation of this process remain unelucidated.AIM To identify lncRNAs linked to cuproptosis in order to estimate patients'prognoses for hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).METHODS Using RNA sequence data from The Cancer Genome Atlas Live Hepatocellular Carcinoma(TCGA-LIHC),a co-expression network of cuproptosis-related genes and lncRNAs was constructed.For HCC prognosis,we developed a cuproptosisrelated lncRNA signature(CupRLSig)using univariate Cox,lasso,and multivariate Cox regression analyses.Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to compare overall survival among high-and low-risk groups stratified by median CupRLSig risk score.Furthermore,comparisons of functional annotation,immune infiltration,somatic mutation,tumor mutation burden(TMB),and pharmacologic options were made between high-and low-risk groups.RESULTS Three hundred and forty-three patients with complete follow-up data were recruited in the analysis.Pearson correlation analysis identified 157 cuproptosis-related lncRNAs related to 14 cuproptosis genes.Next,we divided the TCGA-LIHC sample into a training set and a validation set.In univariate Cox regression analysis,27 LncRNAs with prognostic value were identified in the training set.After lasso regression,the multivariate Cox regression model determined the identified risk equation as follows:Risk score=(0.2659×PICSAR expression)+(0.4374×FOXD2-AS1 expression)+(-0.3467×AP001065.1 expression).The CupRLSig high-risk group was associated with poor overall survival(hazard ratio=1.162,95%CI=1.063-1.270;P<0.001)after the patients were divided into two groups depending upon their median risk score.Model accuracy was further supported by receiver operating characteristic and principal component analysis as well as the validation set.The area under the curve of 0.741 was found to be a better predictor of HCC prognosis as compared to other clinicopathological variables.Mutation analysis revealed that high-risk combinations with high TMB carried worse prognoses(median survival of 30 mo vs 102 mo of low-risk combinations with low TMB group).The low-risk group had more activated natural killer cells(NK cells,P=0.032 by Wilcoxon rank sum test)and fewer regulatory T cells(Tregs,P=0.021)infiltration than the high-risk group.This finding could explain why the low-risk group has a better prognosis.Interestingly,when checkpoint gene expression(CD276,CTLA-4,and PDCD-1)and tumor immune dysfunction and rejection(TIDE)scores are considered,highrisk patients may respond better to immunotherapy.Finally,most drugs commonly used in preclinical and clinical systemic therapy for HCC,such as 5-fluorouracil,gemcitabine,paclitaxel,imatinib,sunitinib,rapamycin,and XL-184(cabozantinib),were found to be more efficacious in the low-risk group;erlotinib,an exception,was more efficacious in the high-risk group.CONCLUSION The lncRNA signature,CupRLSig,constructed in this study is valuable in prognostic estimation of HCC.Importantly,CupRLSig also predicts the level of immune infiltration and potential efficacy of tumor immunotherapy.展开更多
[Objectives]This study was conducted to analyze changes of color difference and polyphenols and their relationship in the process of threshing and redrying.[Methods]The change trends of color difference parameters L,a...[Objectives]This study was conducted to analyze changes of color difference and polyphenols and their relationship in the process of threshing and redrying.[Methods]The change trends of color difference parameters L,a,b,H^(0),C and polyphenol contents in tobacco leaves in the middle leaf module and the Pearson correlation between them were analyzed.[Results]During threshing and redrying,L and H^(0)of tobacco showed a decreasing trend,but H^(0)changed slightly;the values of a and C showed an inverted"S"change trend,and the differences between various processes were significant;and the value of b decreased first and then increased.The content of chlorogenic acid and scopoletin decreased first,then increased,and then decreased during threshing and redrying;rutin content showed a significant decreasing trend.The value of L was in an extremely significant positive correlation with rutin content;the value of a was in an extremely significant negative correlation with chlorogenic acid content;b value was also significantly correlated with rutin;and H^(0)was in significant correlation and extremely significant correlation with rutin and total polyphenols,respectively.[Conclusions]This study provides technical support for online detection of tobacco leaf components by the color difference method and for the homogenization of threshing and redrying.展开更多
Metal-organic frameworks(MOFs)present a multifaceted avenue for visible light photocatalysis and are candidates for environmental applications,in which electron and proton transfers are crucial.To date,the photocataly...Metal-organic frameworks(MOFs)present a multifaceted avenue for visible light photocatalysis and are candidates for environmental applications,in which electron and proton transfers are crucial.To date,the photocatalytic activity of MOFs has been attempted,but with inherent limitations against formidable redox conditions.This can be addressed by adopting an electron-proton transfer mediator to mediate the redox processes over a MOF photocatalyst.To achieve this goal,an electron-proton transfer mediator,HOOC-TEMPO(4-carboxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl),is envisioned to steer the selective oxidation of amines over a pyrene-based MOF NU-1000.There are abundant terminal hydroxyl groups of Zr-oxo cluster within the mesoporous channels of NU-1000.Supported by density functional theory calculations,the bidentate chelation of HOOC-TEMPO onto NU-1000 by reacting with the hydroxyl groups is the most feasible mode of adsorption.The optoelectronic properties of NU-1000 can be notably improved by the facile and dynamic adsorption of HOOC-TEMPO.Distinctly,1 mol%HOOCTEMPO promotes NU-1000 photocatalysis,allowing for three times of conversions in the aerobic oxidation of amines to imines.Compellingly,the hole transfer between the pyrene ligand of NU-1000 and HOOC-TEMPO is more efficient than other ligands.The merger of an electron-proton transfer mediator and MOFs creates a unique materials avenue for emerging photocatalysis.展开更多
Introduction Diaphragmatic eventration(DE)is a rare condition with an incidence rate of approximately 0.05%[1].Anatomically,its characteristic feature is the uninterrupted integrity of the diaphragmatic muscle,maintai...Introduction Diaphragmatic eventration(DE)is a rare condition with an incidence rate of approximately 0.05%[1].Anatomically,its characteristic feature is the uninterrupted integrity of the diaphragmatic muscle,maintaining normal connections with the sternum,ribs,and vertebral column of the lower back[2].Currently,there is no consensus on the optimal surgical treatment for DE.Traditional surgical approaches include transthoracic or transabdominal diaphragmatic plication[3,4].Recent studies have also reported the utilization of laparoscopic diaphragmatic resection with endostaplers in the treatment of DE[5].Here we report a case of left posterior DE successfully treated using a three-step procedure of laparoscopic diaphragm reconstruction.展开更多
Automated trust negotiation （ATN） offers an at- tractive means for trust establishments, which establishes mu- tual trust among strangers wishing to share resources or con- duct business, but it comes at the cost of...Automated trust negotiation （ATN） offers an at- tractive means for trust establishments, which establishes mu- tual trust among strangers wishing to share resources or con- duct business, but it comes at the cost of non-trivial computa- tion and communication overheads. The deployment of ATN strategies on a resource-constrained mobile device may lead to user-obstructive latency for operations. In this paper, we propose a trust negotiation strategy called trust target Petri nets negotiation strategy （TPNNS）. It highly reduces the ne- gotiation latency in the mobile device compared with other negotiation strategies, since it considers all the alternative re- sponses at each step and chooses the best one. TPNNS sup- ports cycle avoidance and employs skipped TPN which is a new approach presented in this paper. What is more, it is complete and ensures no irrelevant credentials are disclosed during the trust negotiation.展开更多
文摘Metal-organic frameworks(MOFs)are well-documented for visible light photocatalysis because of their tailorable structures and tunable absorptions through organic linkers.By employing a highly conjugated linker,4,4',4'',4'''-(pyrene-1,3,6,8-tetrayltetrakis(ethyne-2,1-diyl))tetrabenzoic acid,the optical absorption of the MOF NU-1100 is effectively tuned to visible light below 600 nm region.Under green light irradiation,NU-1100 triggers charge separation and modulates electron transfer from the linkers to the Zr_(6)O_(4)(OH)_(4)^(12+)clusters,driving the oxidation of sulfides to sulfoxides.Notably,adding a redox mediator radically expedites the oxidation of sulfides by NU-1100 photocatalysis,TEMPO(2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-N-oxyl)and 4-carboxy-TEMPO.At least 2.7 and 5.2 times of conversions of phenyl methyl sulfide are achieved by NU-1100 photocatalysis with TEMPO and 4-carboxy-TEMPO,respectively.A series of characterizations illustrate that 4-carboxy-TEMPO is adsorbed onto the exterior surface of Zr_(6)O_(4)(OH)_(4)^(12+)clusters of NU-1100 to mediate hole transfer and achieve higher charge transfer efficiency.Mechanistic studies indicate that superoxide is the essential reactive oxygen species and that the oxidation of sulfides is driven by an electron transfer pathway.This study demonstrates the integration of redox mediators with MOFs can drive more efficient visible light photocatalytic reactions.
文摘AIM:To analyze RASSF6 expression in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma(PDAC) and to determine whether RASSF6 has an independent prognostic value in PDAC.METHODS:We studied RASSF6 expression in 96 histologically confirmed PDAC samples and 20 chronic pancreatitis specimens using immunohistochemistry and real-time quantitative reverse transcription-PCR.PDAC issues were then classified as RASSF6 strongly positive,weakly positive or negative.RASSF6 mR NA and protein expression in PDAC samples with strong positive staining was further evaluated using real-time PCR and Western blot analysis.Lastly,correlations between RASSF6 staining and patients' clinicopathological variables and outcomes were assessed.RESULTS:RASSF6 was negatively expressed in 51(53.1%) PDAC samples,weakly positively expressed in 29(30.2%) and strongly positively expressed in16(16.7%),while its expression was much higher in para-tumor tissues and chronic pancreatitis tissues.Positive relationships between RASSF6 expression and T-stage(P = 0.047) and perineural invasion(P = 0.026) were observed.The median survival time of strongly and weakly positive and negative RASSF6 staining groups was 33 mo,15 mo and 11 mo,respectively.Cox multivariate analysis indicated that RASSF6 was an independent prognostic indicator of overall survival in patients with PDAC.A survival curve analysis revealed that increased RASSF6 expression was correlated with better overall survival(P = 0.009).CONCLUSION:RASSF6 expression is an independent biomarker of an unfavorable prognosis in patients with PDAC.
基金Supported by the National Key Clinical Discipline,the Basic and Applied Basic Research Fund Project of Guangdong Province,No.2021A1515410004 and No.2019A1515011200National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81973858 and No.82172790Science and Technology Plan Project of Qingyuan City,No.2019A028.
文摘BACKGROUND Cuproptosis has recently been considered a novel form of programmed cell death.To date,long-chain non-coding RNAs(lncRNAs)crucial to the regulation of this process remain unelucidated.AIM To identify lncRNAs linked to cuproptosis in order to estimate patients'prognoses for hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).METHODS Using RNA sequence data from The Cancer Genome Atlas Live Hepatocellular Carcinoma(TCGA-LIHC),a co-expression network of cuproptosis-related genes and lncRNAs was constructed.For HCC prognosis,we developed a cuproptosisrelated lncRNA signature(CupRLSig)using univariate Cox,lasso,and multivariate Cox regression analyses.Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to compare overall survival among high-and low-risk groups stratified by median CupRLSig risk score.Furthermore,comparisons of functional annotation,immune infiltration,somatic mutation,tumor mutation burden(TMB),and pharmacologic options were made between high-and low-risk groups.RESULTS Three hundred and forty-three patients with complete follow-up data were recruited in the analysis.Pearson correlation analysis identified 157 cuproptosis-related lncRNAs related to 14 cuproptosis genes.Next,we divided the TCGA-LIHC sample into a training set and a validation set.In univariate Cox regression analysis,27 LncRNAs with prognostic value were identified in the training set.After lasso regression,the multivariate Cox regression model determined the identified risk equation as follows:Risk score=(0.2659×PICSAR expression)+(0.4374×FOXD2-AS1 expression)+(-0.3467×AP001065.1 expression).The CupRLSig high-risk group was associated with poor overall survival(hazard ratio=1.162,95%CI=1.063-1.270;P<0.001)after the patients were divided into two groups depending upon their median risk score.Model accuracy was further supported by receiver operating characteristic and principal component analysis as well as the validation set.The area under the curve of 0.741 was found to be a better predictor of HCC prognosis as compared to other clinicopathological variables.Mutation analysis revealed that high-risk combinations with high TMB carried worse prognoses(median survival of 30 mo vs 102 mo of low-risk combinations with low TMB group).The low-risk group had more activated natural killer cells(NK cells,P=0.032 by Wilcoxon rank sum test)and fewer regulatory T cells(Tregs,P=0.021)infiltration than the high-risk group.This finding could explain why the low-risk group has a better prognosis.Interestingly,when checkpoint gene expression(CD276,CTLA-4,and PDCD-1)and tumor immune dysfunction and rejection(TIDE)scores are considered,highrisk patients may respond better to immunotherapy.Finally,most drugs commonly used in preclinical and clinical systemic therapy for HCC,such as 5-fluorouracil,gemcitabine,paclitaxel,imatinib,sunitinib,rapamycin,and XL-184(cabozantinib),were found to be more efficacious in the low-risk group;erlotinib,an exception,was more efficacious in the high-risk group.CONCLUSION The lncRNA signature,CupRLSig,constructed in this study is valuable in prognostic estimation of HCC.Importantly,CupRLSig also predicts the level of immune infiltration and potential efficacy of tumor immunotherapy.
基金Supported by Science and Technology Project of China Jiangxi Tobacco Industrial Co.,Ltd.
文摘[Objectives]This study was conducted to analyze changes of color difference and polyphenols and their relationship in the process of threshing and redrying.[Methods]The change trends of color difference parameters L,a,b,H^(0),C and polyphenol contents in tobacco leaves in the middle leaf module and the Pearson correlation between them were analyzed.[Results]During threshing and redrying,L and H^(0)of tobacco showed a decreasing trend,but H^(0)changed slightly;the values of a and C showed an inverted"S"change trend,and the differences between various processes were significant;and the value of b decreased first and then increased.The content of chlorogenic acid and scopoletin decreased first,then increased,and then decreased during threshing and redrying;rutin content showed a significant decreasing trend.The value of L was in an extremely significant positive correlation with rutin content;the value of a was in an extremely significant negative correlation with chlorogenic acid content;b value was also significantly correlated with rutin;and H^(0)was in significant correlation and extremely significant correlation with rutin and total polyphenols,respectively.[Conclusions]This study provides technical support for online detection of tobacco leaf components by the color difference method and for the homogenization of threshing and redrying.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22072108 and 22372124).
文摘Metal-organic frameworks(MOFs)present a multifaceted avenue for visible light photocatalysis and are candidates for environmental applications,in which electron and proton transfers are crucial.To date,the photocatalytic activity of MOFs has been attempted,but with inherent limitations against formidable redox conditions.This can be addressed by adopting an electron-proton transfer mediator to mediate the redox processes over a MOF photocatalyst.To achieve this goal,an electron-proton transfer mediator,HOOC-TEMPO(4-carboxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl),is envisioned to steer the selective oxidation of amines over a pyrene-based MOF NU-1000.There are abundant terminal hydroxyl groups of Zr-oxo cluster within the mesoporous channels of NU-1000.Supported by density functional theory calculations,the bidentate chelation of HOOC-TEMPO onto NU-1000 by reacting with the hydroxyl groups is the most feasible mode of adsorption.The optoelectronic properties of NU-1000 can be notably improved by the facile and dynamic adsorption of HOOC-TEMPO.Distinctly,1 mol%HOOCTEMPO promotes NU-1000 photocatalysis,allowing for three times of conversions in the aerobic oxidation of amines to imines.Compellingly,the hole transfer between the pyrene ligand of NU-1000 and HOOC-TEMPO is more efficient than other ligands.The merger of an electron-proton transfer mediator and MOFs creates a unique materials avenue for emerging photocatalysis.
基金supported by the Digestive Diseases Project of Guangdong Clinical Medical Research Center[grant number 2020B1111170004]the National Nature Science Foundation of China[grant numbers 81973858 and 82172790]+3 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province[grant number 2019A1515011200]the Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Guangdong Province[grant numbers 20191401,20211086,and 20221094]the Guangdong Medical Science and Technology Research Fund[grant number A2021061]the Guangzhou Municipal Science and Technology Bureau's Fundamental and Applied Basic Research[grant number SL2022A04J01589].
文摘Introduction Diaphragmatic eventration(DE)is a rare condition with an incidence rate of approximately 0.05%[1].Anatomically,its characteristic feature is the uninterrupted integrity of the diaphragmatic muscle,maintaining normal connections with the sternum,ribs,and vertebral column of the lower back[2].Currently,there is no consensus on the optimal surgical treatment for DE.Traditional surgical approaches include transthoracic or transabdominal diaphragmatic plication[3,4].Recent studies have also reported the utilization of laparoscopic diaphragmatic resection with endostaplers in the treatment of DE[5].Here we report a case of left posterior DE successfully treated using a three-step procedure of laparoscopic diaphragm reconstruction.
文摘Automated trust negotiation （ATN） offers an at- tractive means for trust establishments, which establishes mu- tual trust among strangers wishing to share resources or con- duct business, but it comes at the cost of non-trivial computa- tion and communication overheads. The deployment of ATN strategies on a resource-constrained mobile device may lead to user-obstructive latency for operations. In this paper, we propose a trust negotiation strategy called trust target Petri nets negotiation strategy （TPNNS）. It highly reduces the ne- gotiation latency in the mobile device compared with other negotiation strategies, since it considers all the alternative re- sponses at each step and chooses the best one. TPNNS sup- ports cycle avoidance and employs skipped TPN which is a new approach presented in this paper. What is more, it is complete and ensures no irrelevant credentials are disclosed during the trust negotiation.
