A new multi-detector array named HALIMA(Hybrid Array for LIfetime MeAsurement)has been developed at Lanzhou for nuclear structure studies in fission.The array comprises eight BGO-shielded High-Purity Germanium detecto...A new multi-detector array named HALIMA(Hybrid Array for LIfetime MeAsurement)has been developed at Lanzhou for nuclear structure studies in fission.The array comprises eight BGO-shielded High-Purity Germanium detectors and twenty fast Ce-doped Lanthanum Bromide[LaBr_(3)(Ce)]detectors shielded with CsI(Tl).HALIMA is further complemented by two ancillary detector systems:fission fragment(FF)detectors and β detectors.This configuration enables precise sub-nanosecond lifetime measurements using the fourfold FF/β-Ge-LaBr_(3)(Ce)-LaBr_(3)(Ce)coincidence technique.The performance and specifications of the detectors,associated electronics,and the data acquisition system are presented in detail.The advantage of FF selectivity is emphasized,which significantly enhances sensitivity to specific fission channels.Using this approach,the lifetimes of the nuclear excited states populated in the spontaneous fission of^(252)Cf were measured,showing good agreement with the established literature values.展开更多
Metal-covalent organic frameworks(MCOF)as a bridge between covalent organic framework(COF)and metal organic framework(MOF)possess the characteristics of open metal sites,structure stability,crystallinity,tunability as...Metal-covalent organic frameworks(MCOF)as a bridge between covalent organic framework(COF)and metal organic framework(MOF)possess the characteristics of open metal sites,structure stability,crystallinity,tunability as well as porosity,but still in its infancy.In this work,a covalent organic framework DT-COF with a keto-enamine structure synthesized from the condensation of 3,3'-dihydroxybiphenyl diamine(DHBD)and triformylphloroglucinol(TFP)was coordinated with Cu^(2+)by a simple post-modification method to a obtain a copper-coordinated metal-covalent organic framework of Cu-DT COF.The isomerization from a keto-enamine structure of DT-COF to a enol-imine structure of Cu-DT COF is induced due to the coordination interaction of Cu^(2+).The structure change of Cu-DT COF induces the change of the electron distribution in the Cu-DT COF,which greatly promotes the activation and deep Li-storage behavior of the COF skeleton.As anode material for lithium-ion batteries(LIBs),Cu-DT COF exhibits greatly improved electrochemical performance,retaining the specific capacities of 760 mAh g^(-1)after 200 cycles and 505 mAh g^(-1)after 500 cycles at a current density of 0.5 A g^(-1).The preliminary lithium storage mechanism studies indicate that Cu^(2+)is also involved in the lithium storage process.A possible mechanism for Cu-DT COF was proposed on the basis of FT-IR,XPS,EPR characterization and electrochemical analysis.This work enlightens a novel strategy to improve the energy storage performance of COF and promotes the application of COF and MCOF in LIBs.展开更多
Dual-band electrochromic devices capable of the spectral-selective modulation of visible(VIS)light and near-infrared(NIR)can notably reduce the energy consumption of buildings and improve the occupants’visual and the...Dual-band electrochromic devices capable of the spectral-selective modulation of visible(VIS)light and near-infrared(NIR)can notably reduce the energy consumption of buildings and improve the occupants’visual and thermal comfort.However,the low optical modulation and poor durability of these devices severely limit its practical applications.Herein,we demonstrate an efficient and flexible bifunctional dual-band electrochromic device which not only shows excellent spectral-selective electrochromic performance with a high optical modulation and a long cycle life,but also displays a high capacitance and a high energy recycling efficiency of 51.4%,integrating energy-saving with energy-storage.The nanowires structure and abundant oxygen-vacancies of oxygen-deficient tungsten oxide nanowires endows it high flexibility and a high optical modulation of 73.1%and 85.3%at 633 and 1200 nm respectively.The prototype device assembled can modulate the VIS light and NIR independently and effectively through three distinct modes with a long cycle life(3.3%capacity loss after 10,000 cycles)and a high energy-saving performance(8.8℃lower than the common glass).Furthermore,simulations also demonstrate that our device outperforms the commercial low-emissivity glass in terms of energy-saving in most climatic zones around the world.Such windows represent an intriguing potential technology to improve the building energy efficiency.展开更多
A state-of-the-art detector array with a digital data acquisition system has been developed for charged-particle decay studies,includingβ-delayed protons,αdecay,and direct proton emissions from exotic proton-rich nu...A state-of-the-art detector array with a digital data acquisition system has been developed for charged-particle decay studies,includingβ-delayed protons,αdecay,and direct proton emissions from exotic proton-rich nuclei.The digital data acquisition system enables precise synchronization and processing of complex signals from various detectors,such as plastic scintillators,silicon detectors,and germaniumγdetectors.The system's performance was evaluated using theβdecay of^(32)Ar and its neighboring nuclei,produced via projectile fragmentation at the first Radioactive Ion Beam Line in Lanzhou(RIBLL1).Key measurements,including the half-life,charged-particle spectrum,andγ-ray spectrum,were obtained and compared with previous results for validation.Using the implantation–decay method,the isotopes of interest were implanted into two doublesided silicon strip detectors,where their subsequent decays were measured and correlated with preceding implantations using both position and time information.This detection system has potential for further applications,including the study ofβ-delayed charged-particle decay and direct proton emissions from even more exotic proton-rich nuclei.展开更多
Solid-solid interface contact and slow ion transport restrict solid-state polymer electrolytes practical application.The differences in interface structure design significantly influence the interfacial Li^(+)transpor...Solid-solid interface contact and slow ion transport restrict solid-state polymer electrolytes practical application.The differences in interface structure design significantly influence the interfacial Li^(+)transport and diffusion as well as the Li atom nucleation,resulting in substantial variations in the macroscopic performance of polymer electrolytes-based solid-state Li metal batteries.Here,ceramic-polymer composite electrolytes(CPCEs)composed of polyvinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene(PVDF-HFP)polymer and Li_(6.75)La_(3)Zr_(1.75)Ta_(0.25)O_(12)(LLZTO)filler has been chosen as the demo to demonstrate that the interfacial electrochemistry between CPCEs and Li anode is not only affected by the physical interface contact but also associated with the internal/interfacial Li^(+)transport mechanism.This work shows that“point to point”Li^(+)diffusion,slow uneven interfacial Li^(+)transport in CPCEs with poor ionic conductivity and rough surface lead to uneven Li atom nucleation,leading to Li dendrites growth.While,the CPCEs with high ionic conductivity and smooth surface facilitate uniform and rapid ion transport,promoting uniform Li nucleation and transverse diffusion.This work highlights the importance of the interface structure design of polymer electrolytes for Li metal interface stability in polymer electrolytes-based quasi-solid-state batteries and provides valuable insights into the interfacial electrochemistry of solidstate batteries.展开更多
The interface between concrete and soil-rock mixture(SRM-concrete interface)under freeze-thaw cycles is very prone to creep damage,threatening the long-term stability of the superstructure in cold regions.However,ther...The interface between concrete and soil-rock mixture(SRM-concrete interface)under freeze-thaw cycles is very prone to creep damage,threatening the long-term stability of the superstructure in cold regions.However,there is no study concerning the characteristics of the nonlinear accelerated creep stage using the existing creep model in SRM-concrete interface.Therefore,shear creep tests were conducted to study the creep displacement and failure modes at the SRM-concrete interface under varying rock contents(15%-65%)and freeze-thaw cycles(0-20 iterations).A modified Burgers viscoelastic-plastic constitutive model is proposed to illustrate the creep failure characteristics of SRM-concrete interface induced by freeze-thaw cycles,which contains a hardening and loosening component.Results reveal a notable decrease in creep deformation correlating with increased rock content at SRM-concrete interface.Notably,the resistance of SRM-concrete interface to shear creep behavior peaks after five freeze-thaw cycles.This modified creep model accurately describes the nonlinear hardening and loosening creep behavior at the SRM-concrete interface,offering a substantial theoretical foundation for studying the longterm deformation and service life of superstructures in cold regions.展开更多
Porous materials have attracted great attention in energy and environment applications,such as metal organic frameworks(MOFs),metal aerogels,carbon aerogels,porous metal oxides.These materials could be also hybridized...Porous materials have attracted great attention in energy and environment applications,such as metal organic frameworks(MOFs),metal aerogels,carbon aerogels,porous metal oxides.These materials could be also hybridized with other materials into functional composites with superior properties.The high specific area of porous materials offer them the advantage as hosts to conduct catalytic and electrochemical reactions.On one hand,catalytic reactions include photocatalytic,p ho toe lectrocatalytic and electrocatalytic reactions over some gases.On the other hand,they can be used as electrodes in various batteries,such as alkaline metal ion batteries and electrochemical capacitors.So far,both catalysis and batteries are extremely attractive topics.There are also many obstacles to overcome in the exploration of these porous materials.The research related to porous materials for energy and environment applications is at extremely active stage,and this has motivated us to contribute with a roadmap on ’porous materials for energy and environment applications’.展开更多
In this paper,the implantation-decay method is introduced to study the β-delayed charged particle decay.A silicon detector array was used for the implantation of the incident beams and for the detection of the emitte...In this paper,the implantation-decay method is introduced to study the β-delayed charged particle decay.A silicon detector array was used for the implantation of the incident beams and for the detection of the emitted particles.An experimental measurement on the β-delayed particle emission from ^(22)Al was used to demonstrate the method.The half-life value,charged particle spectroscopy,γ ray spectrum,and γ particle coincidence for the decay process were obtained and compared with previous experimental results for ^(22)Al.The results show that the implantation-decay method,using a silicon detector array,is a suitable experimental method to study the β-delayed charged particle decay for proton-rich nuclei.展开更多
In this paper, we derive a unified scattering theory model for current noise based on the equivalent contact model of the scattering region. Our model seamlessly covers the whole range of transport regimes from cohere...In this paper, we derive a unified scattering theory model for current noise based on the equivalent contact model of the scattering region. Our model seamlessly covers the whole range of transport regimes from coherent transport to incoherent transport and it also includes the effects of Pauli exclusion and Coulomb interaction on shot noise.展开更多
Ensuring food security has become a global challenge owing to climate change and population growth.High-throughput phenotyping can effectively drive crop genetic enhancement,which can potentially solve food crisis.Phe...Ensuring food security has become a global challenge owing to climate change and population growth.High-throughput phenotyping can effectively drive crop genetic enhancement,which can potentially solve food crisis.Phenotyping robot is an essential part of crop ground phenotyping information monitoring,although there are challenges such as the inability to adjust the fixed track width,poor load capacity of the detection robotic arm,and inability to fuse information in real-time.This study reports a phenotyping robot with a gantry-style chassis featuring an adjustable wheeltrack(1400-1600 mm)to adapt to different row spacing arrangements and reduced damage,and function effectively in both dry field and paddy field environments.A six-degree-of-freedom sensor gimbal with high payload capacity is also developed to enable precise height(1016-2096 mm)and angle ad-justments.Additionally,this study introduces an enhanced method for data acquisition from multiple imaging sensors through registration and fusion using Zhang's calibration and feature point extraction algorithm,calcu-lating a homography matrix for high-throughput data collection at fixed positions and heights.The experimental validation results demonstrate that the RMSE of the registration algorithm does not exceed 3 pixels.The gimbal data strongly correlated with that of a handheld instrument data(r^(2)>0.90).The robot is practical,reliable,and fully functional,offering a solid theoretical foundation and equipment support for high-throughput phenotyping.展开更多
Lithium-sulfur batteries attract much interest as energy storage devices for their low cost, high specific capacity, and energy density. However, the insulating properties of sulfur and high solubility of lithium poly...Lithium-sulfur batteries attract much interest as energy storage devices for their low cost, high specific capacity, and energy density. However, the insulating properties of sulfur and high solubility of lithium polysulfides decrease the utilization of active materials by the battery resulting in poor cycling performance. Herein, we design a multifunctional carbon-nanotube paper/titanium-dioxide barrier which effectively reduces active material loss and suppresses the diffusion of lithium polysulfides to the anode, thereby improving the cycling stability of lithium-sulfur batteries. Using this barrier, an activated carbon/sulfur cathode with 70% sulfur content delivers stable cycling performance and high Coulombic efficiency （-99%） over 250 cycles at a current rate of 0.5 C. The improved electrochemical performance is attributed to the synergistic effects of the carbon nanotube paper and titanium dioxide, involving the physical barrier, chemical adsorption from the binding formation of Ti-S and S-O, and other interactions unique to the titanium dioxide and sulfur species.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.12275321,12121005,12475129,and 12335009)the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province,China(No.2025A1515012112)+6 种基金the International Atomic Energy Agency Coordinated Research Project F41034(No.28649)the computational resources from Sun Yat-sen University the National Supercomputer Center in Guangzhouthe Open Project of Guangxi Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Nuclear Technology(No.NLK2023-08)the Central Government Guidance Funds for Local Scientific and Technological Development,China(No.Guike ZY22096024)the Guangdong Major Project of Basic and Applied Basic Research(No.2021B0301030006)Young Scientists Fund of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.12405144)the National Key Research and Development Program(MOST 2022YFA1602304).
文摘A new multi-detector array named HALIMA(Hybrid Array for LIfetime MeAsurement)has been developed at Lanzhou for nuclear structure studies in fission.The array comprises eight BGO-shielded High-Purity Germanium detectors and twenty fast Ce-doped Lanthanum Bromide[LaBr_(3)(Ce)]detectors shielded with CsI(Tl).HALIMA is further complemented by two ancillary detector systems:fission fragment(FF)detectors and β detectors.This configuration enables precise sub-nanosecond lifetime measurements using the fourfold FF/β-Ge-LaBr_(3)(Ce)-LaBr_(3)(Ce)coincidence technique.The performance and specifications of the detectors,associated electronics,and the data acquisition system are presented in detail.The advantage of FF selectivity is emphasized,which significantly enhances sensitivity to specific fission channels.Using this approach,the lifetimes of the nuclear excited states populated in the spontaneous fission of^(252)Cf were measured,showing good agreement with the established literature values.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Project Intergovernmental International Science and Technology Innovation Cooperation(2022YFE0109400)Leading Edge Technology of Jiangsu Province(BK20220009,BK20202008)+1 种基金a Project Funded by the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions(PAPD)the tests supported from Center for Microscopy and Analysis,Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
文摘Metal-covalent organic frameworks(MCOF)as a bridge between covalent organic framework(COF)and metal organic framework(MOF)possess the characteristics of open metal sites,structure stability,crystallinity,tunability as well as porosity,but still in its infancy.In this work,a covalent organic framework DT-COF with a keto-enamine structure synthesized from the condensation of 3,3'-dihydroxybiphenyl diamine(DHBD)and triformylphloroglucinol(TFP)was coordinated with Cu^(2+)by a simple post-modification method to a obtain a copper-coordinated metal-covalent organic framework of Cu-DT COF.The isomerization from a keto-enamine structure of DT-COF to a enol-imine structure of Cu-DT COF is induced due to the coordination interaction of Cu^(2+).The structure change of Cu-DT COF induces the change of the electron distribution in the Cu-DT COF,which greatly promotes the activation and deep Li-storage behavior of the COF skeleton.As anode material for lithium-ion batteries(LIBs),Cu-DT COF exhibits greatly improved electrochemical performance,retaining the specific capacities of 760 mAh g^(-1)after 200 cycles and 505 mAh g^(-1)after 500 cycles at a current density of 0.5 A g^(-1).The preliminary lithium storage mechanism studies indicate that Cu^(2+)is also involved in the lithium storage process.A possible mechanism for Cu-DT COF was proposed on the basis of FT-IR,XPS,EPR characterization and electrochemical analysis.This work enlightens a novel strategy to improve the energy storage performance of COF and promotes the application of COF and MCOF in LIBs.
基金support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.62105148)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2022TQ0148 and 2023M731651)Postgraduate Research&Practice Innovation Program of NUAA(xcxjh20230609).
文摘Dual-band electrochromic devices capable of the spectral-selective modulation of visible(VIS)light and near-infrared(NIR)can notably reduce the energy consumption of buildings and improve the occupants’visual and thermal comfort.However,the low optical modulation and poor durability of these devices severely limit its practical applications.Herein,we demonstrate an efficient and flexible bifunctional dual-band electrochromic device which not only shows excellent spectral-selective electrochromic performance with a high optical modulation and a long cycle life,but also displays a high capacitance and a high energy recycling efficiency of 51.4%,integrating energy-saving with energy-storage.The nanowires structure and abundant oxygen-vacancies of oxygen-deficient tungsten oxide nanowires endows it high flexibility and a high optical modulation of 73.1%and 85.3%at 633 and 1200 nm respectively.The prototype device assembled can modulate the VIS light and NIR independently and effectively through three distinct modes with a long cycle life(3.3%capacity loss after 10,000 cycles)and a high energy-saving performance(8.8℃lower than the common glass).Furthermore,simulations also demonstrate that our device outperforms the commercial low-emissivity glass in terms of energy-saving in most climatic zones around the world.Such windows represent an intriguing potential technology to improve the building energy efficiency.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Project,China(No.2023YFA1606404)the Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.XDB34010300)+5 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.12022501,12105329,12475127)the Guangdong Major Project of Basic and Applied Basic Research(No.2021B0301030006)the Research Program of Heavy Ion Science and Technology Key Laboratory,Institute of Modern Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences(Nos.HIST2024KS04,HIST2024CO04)Longyuan Youth Innovation and Entrepreneurship Talent Project of Gansu Province(No.2024GZT04)State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology,Peking University(No.NPT2023KFY01)the Major Science and Technology Projects in Gansu Province(No.24GD13GA005)。
文摘A state-of-the-art detector array with a digital data acquisition system has been developed for charged-particle decay studies,includingβ-delayed protons,αdecay,and direct proton emissions from exotic proton-rich nuclei.The digital data acquisition system enables precise synchronization and processing of complex signals from various detectors,such as plastic scintillators,silicon detectors,and germaniumγdetectors.The system's performance was evaluated using theβdecay of^(32)Ar and its neighboring nuclei,produced via projectile fragmentation at the first Radioactive Ion Beam Line in Lanzhou(RIBLL1).Key measurements,including the half-life,charged-particle spectrum,andγ-ray spectrum,were obtained and compared with previous results for validation.Using the implantation–decay method,the isotopes of interest were implanted into two doublesided silicon strip detectors,where their subsequent decays were measured and correlated with preceding implantations using both position and time information.This detection system has potential for further applications,including the study ofβ-delayed charged-particle decay and direct proton emissions from even more exotic proton-rich nuclei.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Project Intergovernmental International Science and Technology Innovation Cooperation(2022YFE0109400)National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFB2405800)Leading Edge Technology of Jiangsu Province(BK20232022,BK20220009)。
文摘Solid-solid interface contact and slow ion transport restrict solid-state polymer electrolytes practical application.The differences in interface structure design significantly influence the interfacial Li^(+)transport and diffusion as well as the Li atom nucleation,resulting in substantial variations in the macroscopic performance of polymer electrolytes-based solid-state Li metal batteries.Here,ceramic-polymer composite electrolytes(CPCEs)composed of polyvinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene(PVDF-HFP)polymer and Li_(6.75)La_(3)Zr_(1.75)Ta_(0.25)O_(12)(LLZTO)filler has been chosen as the demo to demonstrate that the interfacial electrochemistry between CPCEs and Li anode is not only affected by the physical interface contact but also associated with the internal/interfacial Li^(+)transport mechanism.This work shows that“point to point”Li^(+)diffusion,slow uneven interfacial Li^(+)transport in CPCEs with poor ionic conductivity and rough surface lead to uneven Li atom nucleation,leading to Li dendrites growth.While,the CPCEs with high ionic conductivity and smooth surface facilitate uniform and rapid ion transport,promoting uniform Li nucleation and transverse diffusion.This work highlights the importance of the interface structure design of polymer electrolytes for Li metal interface stability in polymer electrolytes-based quasi-solid-state batteries and provides valuable insights into the interfacial electrochemistry of solidstate batteries.
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.42271144,Grant No.42071100)the Project of Shaanxi Province Qinchuangyuan"scientists&engineers"team construction(Grant No.2022KXJ-086)the Project of Application Fundamental Research of China Communications Construction(Grant No.2022-ZJKJ-PTJS07)。
文摘The interface between concrete and soil-rock mixture(SRM-concrete interface)under freeze-thaw cycles is very prone to creep damage,threatening the long-term stability of the superstructure in cold regions.However,there is no study concerning the characteristics of the nonlinear accelerated creep stage using the existing creep model in SRM-concrete interface.Therefore,shear creep tests were conducted to study the creep displacement and failure modes at the SRM-concrete interface under varying rock contents(15%-65%)and freeze-thaw cycles(0-20 iterations).A modified Burgers viscoelastic-plastic constitutive model is proposed to illustrate the creep failure characteristics of SRM-concrete interface induced by freeze-thaw cycles,which contains a hardening and loosening component.Results reveal a notable decrease in creep deformation correlating with increased rock content at SRM-concrete interface.Notably,the resistance of SRM-concrete interface to shear creep behavior peaks after five freeze-thaw cycles.This modified creep model accurately describes the nonlinear hardening and loosening creep behavior at the SRM-concrete interface,offering a substantial theoretical foundation for studying the longterm deformation and service life of superstructures in cold regions.
基金financially support by an Australian Research Council (ARC) Discovery Project (No. DP200100965)a Griffith University Postdoctoral Fellowship
文摘Porous materials have attracted great attention in energy and environment applications,such as metal organic frameworks(MOFs),metal aerogels,carbon aerogels,porous metal oxides.These materials could be also hybridized with other materials into functional composites with superior properties.The high specific area of porous materials offer them the advantage as hosts to conduct catalytic and electrochemical reactions.On one hand,catalytic reactions include photocatalytic,p ho toe lectrocatalytic and electrocatalytic reactions over some gases.On the other hand,they can be used as electrodes in various batteries,such as alkaline metal ion batteries and electrochemical capacitors.So far,both catalysis and batteries are extremely attractive topics.There are also many obstacles to overcome in the exploration of these porous materials.The research related to porous materials for energy and environment applications is at extremely active stage,and this has motivated us to contribute with a roadmap on ’porous materials for energy and environment applications’.
基金partially supported by the National Key R&D Program of China under Contract No.2018YFA0404404the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Contract Nos.11421505,11475244,and 11175231
文摘In this paper,the implantation-decay method is introduced to study the β-delayed charged particle decay.A silicon detector array was used for the implantation of the incident beams and for the detection of the emitted particles.An experimental measurement on the β-delayed particle emission from ^(22)Al was used to demonstrate the method.The half-life value,charged particle spectroscopy,γ ray spectrum,and γ particle coincidence for the decay process were obtained and compared with previous experimental results for ^(22)Al.The results show that the implantation-decay method,using a silicon detector array,is a suitable experimental method to study the β-delayed charged particle decay for proton-rich nuclei.
基金This research was financially supported by Scientific Research Fund of Shaanxi Provincial Education Department （Grant No. 2013K1115） ,the National Natural Science Foundation of China （Grant No. 61106062）, the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities （Grant No. K50511050007）, and the Fundamental Research Funds for AnKang University （Grant No. AYQDZR201206）.
文摘In this paper, we derive a unified scattering theory model for current noise based on the equivalent contact model of the scattering region. Our model seamlessly covers the whole range of transport regimes from coherent transport to incoherent transport and it also includes the effects of Pauli exclusion and Coulomb interaction on shot noise.
基金The work was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2021YFD2000101).
文摘Ensuring food security has become a global challenge owing to climate change and population growth.High-throughput phenotyping can effectively drive crop genetic enhancement,which can potentially solve food crisis.Phenotyping robot is an essential part of crop ground phenotyping information monitoring,although there are challenges such as the inability to adjust the fixed track width,poor load capacity of the detection robotic arm,and inability to fuse information in real-time.This study reports a phenotyping robot with a gantry-style chassis featuring an adjustable wheeltrack(1400-1600 mm)to adapt to different row spacing arrangements and reduced damage,and function effectively in both dry field and paddy field environments.A six-degree-of-freedom sensor gimbal with high payload capacity is also developed to enable precise height(1016-2096 mm)and angle ad-justments.Additionally,this study introduces an enhanced method for data acquisition from multiple imaging sensors through registration and fusion using Zhang's calibration and feature point extraction algorithm,calcu-lating a homography matrix for high-throughput data collection at fixed positions and heights.The experimental validation results demonstrate that the RMSE of the registration algorithm does not exceed 3 pixels.The gimbal data strongly correlated with that of a handheld instrument data(r^(2)>0.90).The robot is practical,reliable,and fully functional,offering a solid theoretical foundation and equipment support for high-throughput phenotyping.
文摘Lithium-sulfur batteries attract much interest as energy storage devices for their low cost, high specific capacity, and energy density. However, the insulating properties of sulfur and high solubility of lithium polysulfides decrease the utilization of active materials by the battery resulting in poor cycling performance. Herein, we design a multifunctional carbon-nanotube paper/titanium-dioxide barrier which effectively reduces active material loss and suppresses the diffusion of lithium polysulfides to the anode, thereby improving the cycling stability of lithium-sulfur batteries. Using this barrier, an activated carbon/sulfur cathode with 70% sulfur content delivers stable cycling performance and high Coulombic efficiency （-99%） over 250 cycles at a current rate of 0.5 C. The improved electrochemical performance is attributed to the synergistic effects of the carbon nanotube paper and titanium dioxide, involving the physical barrier, chemical adsorption from the binding formation of Ti-S and S-O, and other interactions unique to the titanium dioxide and sulfur species.
