Physical exercise is recognized as an effective intervention to improve mood,physical performance,and general well-being.It achieves these benefits through cellular and molecular mechanisms that promote the release of...Physical exercise is recognized as an effective intervention to improve mood,physical performance,and general well-being.It achieves these benefits through cellular and molecular mechanisms that promote the release of neuroprotective factors.Interestingly,reduced levels of physical exercise have been implicated in several central nervous system diseases,including ocular disorders.Emerging evidence has suggested that physical exercise levels are significantly lower in individuals with ocular diseases such as glaucoma,age-related macular degeneration,retinitis pigmentosa,and diabetic retinopathy.Physical exercise may have a neuroprotective effect on the retina.Therefore,the association between reduced physical exercise and ocular diseases may involve a bidirectional causal relationship whereby visual impairment leads to reduced physical exercise and decreased exercise exacerbates the development of ocular disease.In this review,we summarize the evidence linking physical exercise to eye disease and identify potential mediators of physical exercise-induced retinal neuroprotection.Finally,we discuss future directions for preclinical and clinical research in exercise and eye health.展开更多
Over the last 10 years,numerous psychophysical studies have indicated that binocular mechanisms are structurally intact but functionally suppressed in amblyopia(1-8).Many of these studies have used a contrast balancin...Over the last 10 years,numerous psychophysical studies have indicated that binocular mechanisms are structurally intact but functionally suppressed in amblyopia(1-8).Many of these studies have used a contrast balancing approach,whereby the contribution of each eye to binocular vision is equated or“balanced”by presenting higher contrast stimulus elements to the amblyopic eye than the fellow eye(6).Using this approach,the strength of suppression can be quantified by measuring the magnitude of interocular contrast difference required for normal binocular combination.When suppression strength has been correlated with other clinical measures,stronger suppression has been associated with worse stereoacuity and worse amblyopic eye visual acuity indicting a link between the monocular and binocular deficits in amblyopia(5,7).展开更多
基金supported by the InnoHK Initiative and the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Government, China (to SYY)。
文摘Physical exercise is recognized as an effective intervention to improve mood,physical performance,and general well-being.It achieves these benefits through cellular and molecular mechanisms that promote the release of neuroprotective factors.Interestingly,reduced levels of physical exercise have been implicated in several central nervous system diseases,including ocular disorders.Emerging evidence has suggested that physical exercise levels are significantly lower in individuals with ocular diseases such as glaucoma,age-related macular degeneration,retinitis pigmentosa,and diabetic retinopathy.Physical exercise may have a neuroprotective effect on the retina.Therefore,the association between reduced physical exercise and ocular diseases may involve a bidirectional causal relationship whereby visual impairment leads to reduced physical exercise and decreased exercise exacerbates the development of ocular disease.In this review,we summarize the evidence linking physical exercise to eye disease and identify potential mediators of physical exercise-induced retinal neuroprotection.Finally,we discuss future directions for preclinical and clinical research in exercise and eye health.
基金B Thompson is supported by funding from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Council of Canada(NSERCgrants RPIN-05394 and RGPAS 477166)the Canadian Institutes of Health Research(CIHR:grants PJT-156174 and PJT-201604).
文摘Over the last 10 years,numerous psychophysical studies have indicated that binocular mechanisms are structurally intact but functionally suppressed in amblyopia(1-8).Many of these studies have used a contrast balancing approach,whereby the contribution of each eye to binocular vision is equated or“balanced”by presenting higher contrast stimulus elements to the amblyopic eye than the fellow eye(6).Using this approach,the strength of suppression can be quantified by measuring the magnitude of interocular contrast difference required for normal binocular combination.When suppression strength has been correlated with other clinical measures,stronger suppression has been associated with worse stereoacuity and worse amblyopic eye visual acuity indicting a link between the monocular and binocular deficits in amblyopia(5,7).
