Objective:To evaluate the nursing value of mechanical expectoration drainage combined with traditional Chinese medicine acupoint application in children with pediatric bronchial pneumonia.Methods:A total of 62 childre...Objective:To evaluate the nursing value of mechanical expectoration drainage combined with traditional Chinese medicine acupoint application in children with pediatric bronchial pneumonia.Methods:A total of 62 children with pediatric bronchial pneumonia treated from May 2024 to May 2025 were selected as samples and randomly divided into groups using a random number table.Group A received mechanical expectoration drainage combined with traditional Chinese medicine acupoint application nursing,while Group B received conventional nursing.Lung function,symptom disappearance time,nursing satisfaction,and inflammatory indicators were compared between the two groups.Results:The maximum vital capacity(FVC),forced expiratory volume in one second(FEV),peak expiratory flow(PEF),and maximal mid-expiratory flow(MMEF)in Group A were all higher than those in Group B,with p<0.05;the symptom disappearance time in Group A was shorter than that in Group B,and nursing satisfaction was higher in Group A than in Group B,with p<0.05;the procalcitonin(PCT),white blood cell count(WBC),and serum amyloid A(SAA)levels in Group A were lower than those in Group B,with p<0.05.Conclusion:The application of mechanical expectoration drainage combined with traditional Chinese medicine acupoint application nursing in the care of children with pediatric bronchial pneumonia reduces inflammation levels,shortens symptom disappearance time,and improves lung function.展开更多
由特殊喇叭口地形促成的四川雅安暴雨久已有名,研究颇多,而这一地区的暖区暴雨、夜发性暴雨的研究在业务预报和防灾减灾迫切需求的推动下也应加强。利用ERA5再分析资料,结合地面加密观测资料及中国气象局信息中心提供的三源融合近实时...由特殊喇叭口地形促成的四川雅安暴雨久已有名,研究颇多,而这一地区的暖区暴雨、夜发性暴雨的研究在业务预报和防灾减灾迫切需求的推动下也应加强。利用ERA5再分析资料,结合地面加密观测资料及中国气象局信息中心提供的三源融合近实时降水资料,对造成2020年8月10日四川雅安芦山的特大暴雨过程的动热力结构演变、触发机制和地形影响进行了诊断分析,揭示了弱天气尺度强迫及特殊地形影响背景下暖区暴雨的水汽、动热力结构演变及触发机制。研究得出:(1)此例暴雨属于500 h Pa无明显影响系统、低层无急流背景下的东南风型暖区暴雨。在雅安“迎风坡”、“喇叭口”地形和芦山西南向“?”型峡谷地形的影响下,配合西太副高西进、东南暖湿气流加强和850 h Pa弱低涡辐合气流的共同作用而诱发产生,此次降水时间短,强度大。(2)降水开始到强盛期间,始终有边界层地形作用产生的抬升速度、气旋式涡度和水平辐合与系统性垂直上升运动、涡度和散度叠加,增强了低层辐合,加剧了垂直上升运动,促使降水加强。(3)差动θ平流使得暴雨区对流不稳定度增强。对流抑制能量为零的高能高湿环境中,500 h Paθ弱冷平流也是暖区暴雨触发的因素之一;傍晚地形冷平流触发了初始对流并沿海拔高度1500米地形线分布;暴雨区上游强降水造成雷暴冷池出流叠加山风在“?”型峡谷西侧形成γ中尺度辐合线,并移至“?”型谷地内维持;冷性气流在快速下山后亦以冷池形式维持在“?”型峡谷东侧山脉附近,形成强温度梯度,这些因素触发并维持了芦山夜间特大暴雨。展开更多
Tailoring water supply to achieve confined heating has proven to be an effective strategy for boosting solar interfacial evaporation rates.However,because of salt clogging during desalination,a critical point of const...Tailoring water supply to achieve confined heating has proven to be an effective strategy for boosting solar interfacial evaporation rates.However,because of salt clogging during desalination,a critical point of constriction occurs when controlling the water rate for confined heating.In this study,we demonstrate a facile and scalable weaving technique for fabricating core-sheath photothermal yarns that facilitate controlled water supply for stable and efficient interracial solar desalination.The core-sheath yarn comprises modal fibers as the core and carbon fibers as the sheaths.Because of the core-sheath design,remarkable liquid pumping can be enabled in the carbon fiber bundle of the dispersed superhydrophilic modal fibers.Our woven fabrics absorb a high proportion(92%)of the electromagnetic radiation in the solar spectrum because of the weaving structure and the carbon fiber sheath.Under one-sun(1 kW·m^(-2))illumination,our woven fabric device can achieve the highest evaporation rate(of 2.12kg·m^(-2)·h^(-1) with energy conversion efficiency:93.7%)by regulating the number of core-sheath yarns.Practical application tests demonstrate that our device can maintain high and stable desalination performance in a 5 wt%NaCl solution.展开更多
Photothermal therapy(PTT)has presented its inherent application value in cancer treatment.Nevertheless,single-functional photothermal materials cannot meet the precise diagnosis and treatment of cance r.Therefo re,it ...Photothermal therapy(PTT)has presented its inherent application value in cancer treatment.Nevertheless,single-functional photothermal materials cannot meet the precise diagnosis and treatment of cance r.Therefo re,it is important to design a nanocomposite that has both high therapeutic efficiency and multimodal imaging capabilities.In our work,a new nanostructure of gold nanorods(AuNRs)with silver shells decorated by BaGdF5:Yb^(3+),Er^(3+)nanoparticle was synthesized by a simple way.The biostability of AuNRs is increased by coating with silver shells,and the AuNR@Ag nanoparticles can be used as excellent surface enhanced Raman scattering(SERS)probe.Moreover,the modification of BaGdF5:Yb^(3+),Er^(3+)nanoparticles provides the possibility of real-time optical imaging of the tumor area.Under the irradiation of NIR laser,the AuNR@Ag/BaGdF5:Yb^(3+),Er^(3+)nanocomposites(NCs)have strong upconversion emission and excellent photothermal conversion efficiency.Meanwhile,the NCs show low cytotoxicity and good biocompatibility in MTT cytotoxicity test.Moreover,the NCs are also exceptional contrast agents for CT imaging.For in vitro photothermal therapy test,NCs show excellent killing efficiency on tumor cells.Therefore,the multifaceted research of AuNR@Ag/BaGdF5:Yb^(3+),Er^(3+)multifunctional nanomaterials provides a break for high-efficiency tumor photothermal therapy and multimodal imaging.展开更多
With the help of scanning electronic microscopy and X-ray diffraction, the relationships of microstructure characteristics, phase assemblage, and fracture micrograph of Al2O3/ZrO2 laminated ceramics were studied. Comp...With the help of scanning electronic microscopy and X-ray diffraction, the relationships of microstructure characteristics, phase assemblage, and fracture micrograph of Al2O3/ZrO2 laminated ceramics were studied. Compared with monolithic Al2O3/ZrO2 ceramics, the existence of surface compressive stresses greatly restrained the growth of ZrO2 and Al2O3 grains at high sinter temperature, fined the grain size, and increased the content of metastable t-ZrO2, which made the fracture transformation energy quantity 70% higher than that of the monolithic ceramics. The trans-granular and inter-granular fracture features were observed in the surface and center layers, which further verified that transformation toughening is the main mechanism, whereas, micro-crack toughening is helpful for enhancing fracture toughness.展开更多
Polyamine metabolism dysregulation is a hallmark of many cancers,offering a promising avenue for early tumor theranostics.This study presents the development of a nuclear probe derived from spermidine(SPM)for dual-pur...Polyamine metabolism dysregulation is a hallmark of many cancers,offering a promising avenue for early tumor theranostics.This study presents the development of a nuclear probe derived from spermidine(SPM)for dual-purpose tumor PET imaging and internal radiation therapy.The probe,radiolabeled with either[68Ga]Ga for diagnostic applications or[177Lu]Lu for therapeutic use,was synthesized with exceptional purity,stability,and specific activity.Extensive testing involving 12 different tumor cell lines revealed remarkable specificity towards B16 melanoma cells,showcasing outstanding tumor localization and target-to-non-target ratio.Mechanistic investigations employing polyamines,non-labeled precursor,and polyamine transport system(PTS)inhibitor,consistently affirmed the probe?s targetability through recognition of the PTS.Notably,while previous reports indicated PTS upregulation in various tumor types for targeted therapy,this study observed no positive signals,highlighting a concentration-dependent discrepancy between targeting for therapy and diagnosis.Furthermore,when labeled with[177Lu],the probe demonstrated its therapeutic potential by effectively controlling tumor growth and extending mouse survival.Investigations into biodistribution,excretion,and biosafety in healthy humans laid a robust foundation for clinical translation.This study introduces a versatile SPM-based nuclear probe with applications in precise tumor theranostics,offering promising prospects for clinical implementation.展开更多
Lithium-sulfur(Li-S) batteries hold great promise in next-generation high-energy-density energy storage systems,but the intractable shuttle effect and the sluggish redox kinetics of polysulfides hinder the practical i...Lithium-sulfur(Li-S) batteries hold great promise in next-generation high-energy-density energy storage systems,but the intractable shuttle effect and the sluggish redox kinetics of polysulfides hinder the practical implementation of Li-S batteries.Here,heterostructured Fe_(3)C-FeN nanoparticles dotted in the threedimensional-ordered nitrogen-doped carbon framework(Fe_(3)C-FeN@NCF) were synthesized by molecular engineering combined with heterointerface engineering,and were applied to regulate the immobilization-diffusion-conversion behavior of polar polysulfides.It is experimentally and theoretically demonstrated that the heterointerface between Fe_(3)C and FeN exhibits high sulfiphilicity and high electronic/ionic conductivity,thus effectively capturing polysulfides and accelerating the bidirectional conversion of sulfur species.Meanwhile,the holey carbon framework functions as the scaffold to highly disperse binary nanoparticles,ensuring the sufficient exposure of active sites and the easy accessibility for lithium ions and electrons.By virtue of these synergistic merits,the Li-S batteries based on Fe_(3)CFeN@NCF-modified separators afford excellent electrochemical performances including a high rate capacity of 858 mA h g^(-1)at 2 C and a low capacity decay rate of 0.07% per cycle after 800 cycles at 1C This work provides inspiration for the design of heterostructured compounds and sheds light on the potential of heterostructure in high-efficiency Li-S batteries.展开更多
To date,there is still a lack of a comprehensive explanation for caged dynamics which is regarded as one of the intricate dynamic behaviors in amorphous alloys.This study focuses on Pd_(82)Si_(18)as the research objec...To date,there is still a lack of a comprehensive explanation for caged dynamics which is regarded as one of the intricate dynamic behaviors in amorphous alloys.This study focuses on Pd_(82)Si_(18)as the research object to further elucidate the underlying mechanism of caged dynamics from multiple perspectives,including the cage's lifetime,atomic local environment,and atomic potential energy.The results reveal that Si atoms exhibit a pronounced cage effect due to the hindrance of Pd atoms,resulting in an anomalous peak in the non-Gaussian parameters.An in-depth investigation was conducted on the caged dynamics differences between fast and slow Si atoms.In comparison to fast Si atoms,slow Si atoms were surrounded by more Pd atoms and occupied lower potential energy states,resulting in smaller diffusion displacements for the slow Si atoms.Concurrently,slow Si atoms tend to be in the centers of smaller clusters with coordination numbers of 9 and 10.During the isothermal relaxation process,clusters with coordination numbers 9 and 10 have longer lifetimes,suggesting that the escape of slow Si atoms from their cages is more challenging.The findings mentioned above hold significant implications for understanding the caged dynamics.展开更多
BACKGROUND Chronic subdural effusion is very common in the cranial imaging of middle-aged and older people.Herein,we report a patient misdiagnosed with subdural effusion,who was eventually diagnosed with chronic subdu...BACKGROUND Chronic subdural effusion is very common in the cranial imaging of middle-aged and older people.Herein,we report a patient misdiagnosed with subdural effusion,who was eventually diagnosed with chronic subdural empyema(SDE)caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae.CASE SUMMARY A 63-year-old man was brought to our emergency room with a headache,vomiting,and disturbed consciousness.Computed tomography(CT)revealed a bilateral subdural effusion at the top left side of the frontal lobe.Cerebrospinal fluid examination after lumbar puncture indicated suppurative meningitis,which improved after anti-infective therapy.However,the patient then presented with acute cognitive dysfunction and right limb paralysis.Repeat CT showed an increase in left frontoparietal subdural effusion,disappearance of the left lateral ventricle,and a shift of the midline to the right.Urgent burr hole drainage showed SDE that was culture-positive for Streptococcus pneumoniae.His condition improved after adequate drainage and antibiotic treatment.CONCLUSION Patients with unexplained subdural effusion,especially asymmetric subdural effusion with intracranial infection,should be assessed for chronic SDE.Early surgical treatment may be beneficial.展开更多
[Objectives]The paper was to evaluate the in vivo treatment efficacy of harmine derivative 1-(2-chloro)phenyl-9-butyl-β-carboline(DH-330)on mice cystic echinococcosis(CE).[Methods]Kunming mice were injected intraperi...[Objectives]The paper was to evaluate the in vivo treatment efficacy of harmine derivative 1-(2-chloro)phenyl-9-butyl-β-carboline(DH-330)on mice cystic echinococcosis(CE).[Methods]Kunming mice were injected intraperitoneally into the protoscoleces and infected with secondary infection for 8 months to prepare CE model.The successfully modeled mice were randomly divided into 6 groups according to their body weight:model group,control-1,-2 groups and experimental-L,-M,-H groups,with 10 mice in each group.The model group was given distilled water and control-1,-2 groups were given 50 mg/kg albendazole and harmine,respectively.The experimental-L,-M,-H groups were given 25,50 and 100 mg/kg DH-330.After 8 weeks of intragastric administration,the mice were dissected and vesicles were taken,and the differences of cyst weight were compared.The ultrastructure changes of cysts were observed by transmission electron microscope(TEM).The histopathology of cysts and liver were observed by hematoxylin-eosin(HE)staining method.[Results]The cyst weight of model group,control-1,-2 groups and experimental-L,-M,-H groups were(34.38±4.32),(11.38±2.37),(15.89±1.31),(16.22±2.30),(11.69±2.95)and(9.78±1.14)g,respectively.Compared between drugs group and model group,the difference was significant(all P<0.05);compared between experimental-H group and harmine group,the difference was significant(P<0.05).Except for the model group and experimental-L group,all other groups can damage the hydatid nuclei,which lead to cell lysis and nucleoli disappear.Experimental groups can improve inflammatory cells infiltration in liver and vesicle.[Conclusions]DH-330 can reduce the cysts weight of CE mice,inhibit the growth of hydatid,and improve the inflammation of the liver and vesicles,showing a good resistance against Echinococcus granulosus,or may become an effective new drug against hydatid disease.展开更多
Objective:Try to demonstrate the protection of cellular dam-age in a model of the ischemia/reperfusion(I/R)of cultured rat myocardium by exogenous micro norepinephrine precon-ditioning(NEPC),so as to provide some expe...Objective:Try to demonstrate the protection of cellular dam-age in a model of the ischemia/reperfusion(I/R)of cultured rat myocardium by exogenous micro norepinephrine precon-ditioning(NEPC),so as to provide some experimental infor-mation for an new non-injury preconditioning.Method:The apex of neonatal rat(3-4 days old)were taken,scissored、digested by 0.08%pancreatin,centrifugalized and trans-formed cell suspension.After this,the cell suspension were inoculated to culture flasks and were cultured by routine method for 5 days.展开更多
Orthopedic implant-associated infections pose a significant clinical challenge,often requiring surgical intervention along with systemic antibiotic treatments.To address this issue,we developed a novel approach using&...Orthopedic implant-associated infections pose a significant clinical challenge,often requiring surgical intervention along with systemic antibiotic treatments.To address this issue,we developed a novel approach usingÅngstrom-scale silver particles(AgAPs)with broad-spectrum antibacterial properties.Specifically,we formulated a polyethylene glycol hydrogel infused with AgAPs(Gel-AgAPs)designed for treating fracture fixation infections.This novel hydrogel formulation is injectable,ensuring precise adherence to both the exposed tissue and fracture surfaces,thereby allowing the direct targeted action of AgAPs at the infection site.The Gel-AgAPs significantly reduced the infection caused by Escherichia coli(a model pathogen of orthopedic implant infection)in a murine femoral fracture model.Moreover,the Gel-AgAPs-treated infected fractures healed completely within 6 weeks,exhibiting bone formation and mechanical strength comparable to those of uninfected fractures.Further analysis revealed a significant downregulation of local inflammatory response as evidenced by a lower expression of inflammatory markers in Gel-AgAPs-treated fractures compared to untreated infected controls.Furthermore,Gel-AgAPs exhibited a unique ability to inhibit osteoclast differentiation,a critical factor in infection-induced bone degradation,without impacting osteoblast activity.In conclusion,Gel-AgAPs exerted a dual therapeutic effect by eradicating bacterial infection and mitigating inflammation-induced osteoclast activity,thereby expediting infected fracture healing.This innovative approach is a promising therapeutic alternative to conventional antibiotic treatments,potentially transforming the treatment landscape for orthopedic implant-associated infections.展开更多
Taking the advantage of ultrafast optical linear and nonlinear effects, all-optical signal processing(AOSP) enables manipulation, regeneration, and computing of information directly in optical domain without resorting...Taking the advantage of ultrafast optical linear and nonlinear effects, all-optical signal processing(AOSP) enables manipulation, regeneration, and computing of information directly in optical domain without resorting to electronics. As a promising photonic integration platform, silicon-on-insulator(SOI) has the advantage of complementary metal oxide semiconductor(CMOS) compatibility, low-loss, compact size as well as large optical nonlinearities. In this paper, we review the recent progress in the project granted to develop silicon-based reconfigurable AOSP chips, which aims to combine the merits of AOSP and silicon photonics to solve the unsustainable cost and energy challenges in future communication and big data applications. Three key challenges are identified in this project:(1) how to finely manipulate and reconfigure optical fields,(2) how to achieve ultra-low loss integrated silicon waveguides and significant enhancement of nonlinear effects,(3) how to mitigate crosstalk between optical, electrical and thermal components. By focusing on these key issues, the following major achievements are realized during the project. First, ultra-low loss silicon-based waveguides as well as ultra-high quality microresonators are developed by advancing key fabrication technologies as well as device structures. Integrated photonic filters with bandwidth and free spectral range reconfigurable in a wide range were realized to finely manipulate and select input light fields with a high degree of freedom. Second, several mechanisms and new designs that aim at nonlinear enhancement have been proposed, including optical ridge waveguides with reverse biased PIN junction, slot waveguides,multimode waveguides and parity-time symmetry coupled microresonators. Advanced AOSP operations are verified with these novel designs. Logical computations at 100 Gbit/s were demonstrated with self-developed, monolithic integrated programmable optical logic array. High-dimensional multi-value logic operations based on the four-wave mixing effect are realized. Multi-channel all-optical amplitude and phase regeneration technology is developed, and a multi-channel, multiformat, reconfigurable all-optical regeneration chip is realized. Expanding regeneration capacity via spatial dimension is also verified. Third, the crosstalk from optical as well as thermal coupling due to high-density integration are mitigated by developing novel optical designs and advanced packaging technologies, enabling high-density, small size, multi-channel and multi-functional operation with low power consumption. Finally, four programmable AOSP chips are developed, i.e.,programmable photonic filter chip, programmable photonic logic operation chip, multi-dimensional all-optical regeneration chip, and multi-channel and multi-functional AOSP chip with packaging. The major achievements developed in this project pave the way toward ultra-low loss, high-speed, high-efficient, high-density information processing in future classical and non-classical communication and computing applications.展开更多
Osteomyelitis caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA)biofilms poses a major therapeutic challenge due to persistent infection and bone loss.Optimizing anti-infection and promoting bone repair are t...Osteomyelitis caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA)biofilms poses a major therapeutic challenge due to persistent infection and bone loss.Optimizing anti-infection and promoting bone repair are the main goals to improve the efficiency of osteomyelitis treatment.Herein,we present an ultrasound(US)-actived Cu-BTO@Gua composite piezoelectric sonosensitizer,created by conjugating guanidine(Gua)groups,a component that permeates the biofilm matrix,onto US-absorbing Cu-doped barium titanate(BTO).The guanidine groups demonstrate strong affinity for matrices abundant in negatively charged components,facilitating deeper biofilm penetration.Cu doping not only amplifies the piezoelectric effect,but also introduces abundant oxygen vacancies to suppress electron-hole pair recombination.Under US irradiation,the nanocomposite catalyzes the substrate to produce toxic ROS in the acidic infection microenvironment,while Cu depletes glutathione to aggravate oxidative stress,leading to bacterial toxin inactivation,biofilm disintegration,and bacterial death.Additionally,Cu-BTO@Gua promotes the polarization of M1 macrophages to the M2 phenotype by inhibiting nuclear factor-κB,which subsequently activates the transforming growth factorβ(TGF-β)signaling pathway to support osteogenesis.This dual-action approach offers a promising strategy for improving clinical outcomes of complex bone infections.展开更多
Bridges may suffer from large-amplitude vibrations due to strong winds,earthquakes,human-induced loads,and vehicle-induced dynamic loads.Metallic dampers employed the energy dissipation from the hysteretic behavior of...Bridges may suffer from large-amplitude vibrations due to strong winds,earthquakes,human-induced loads,and vehicle-induced dynamic loads.Metallic dampers employed the energy dissipation from the hysteretic behavior of metal materials are among the most effective methods to mitigate bridge vibrations.This paper reviews the development and application of metallic-yielding dampers for the vibration control of bridges.Various theoretical models for metallic damper analyses are reviewed.Different yielding mechanisms and manufacturing materials of metallic dampers are discussed.Finally,the recent progress and application of bridge engineering are summarized.It can be concluded that each section of the torsion-type metallic damper exhibits a uniform stress state and undergoes plastic deformation simultaneously.Therefore,the damper has a strong energy dissipation capacity.Additionally,self-centering metallic dampers can automatically recover to their initial position after suffering an earthquake.Combined metallic dampers can take advantage of different types of dampers,thereby enhancing damping performance.Finally,these dampers will significantly enhance the seismic performance and overall safety of bridge structures.Future research will likely focus on hybrid systems that combine metallic dampers with other energy consumption mechanisms to further improve adaptability and energy dissipation,advancing the resilience and safety of bridge structures.展开更多
文摘Objective:To evaluate the nursing value of mechanical expectoration drainage combined with traditional Chinese medicine acupoint application in children with pediatric bronchial pneumonia.Methods:A total of 62 children with pediatric bronchial pneumonia treated from May 2024 to May 2025 were selected as samples and randomly divided into groups using a random number table.Group A received mechanical expectoration drainage combined with traditional Chinese medicine acupoint application nursing,while Group B received conventional nursing.Lung function,symptom disappearance time,nursing satisfaction,and inflammatory indicators were compared between the two groups.Results:The maximum vital capacity(FVC),forced expiratory volume in one second(FEV),peak expiratory flow(PEF),and maximal mid-expiratory flow(MMEF)in Group A were all higher than those in Group B,with p<0.05;the symptom disappearance time in Group A was shorter than that in Group B,and nursing satisfaction was higher in Group A than in Group B,with p<0.05;the procalcitonin(PCT),white blood cell count(WBC),and serum amyloid A(SAA)levels in Group A were lower than those in Group B,with p<0.05.Conclusion:The application of mechanical expectoration drainage combined with traditional Chinese medicine acupoint application nursing in the care of children with pediatric bronchial pneumonia reduces inflammation levels,shortens symptom disappearance time,and improves lung function.
文摘由特殊喇叭口地形促成的四川雅安暴雨久已有名,研究颇多,而这一地区的暖区暴雨、夜发性暴雨的研究在业务预报和防灾减灾迫切需求的推动下也应加强。利用ERA5再分析资料,结合地面加密观测资料及中国气象局信息中心提供的三源融合近实时降水资料,对造成2020年8月10日四川雅安芦山的特大暴雨过程的动热力结构演变、触发机制和地形影响进行了诊断分析,揭示了弱天气尺度强迫及特殊地形影响背景下暖区暴雨的水汽、动热力结构演变及触发机制。研究得出:(1)此例暴雨属于500 h Pa无明显影响系统、低层无急流背景下的东南风型暖区暴雨。在雅安“迎风坡”、“喇叭口”地形和芦山西南向“?”型峡谷地形的影响下,配合西太副高西进、东南暖湿气流加强和850 h Pa弱低涡辐合气流的共同作用而诱发产生,此次降水时间短,强度大。(2)降水开始到强盛期间,始终有边界层地形作用产生的抬升速度、气旋式涡度和水平辐合与系统性垂直上升运动、涡度和散度叠加,增强了低层辐合,加剧了垂直上升运动,促使降水加强。(3)差动θ平流使得暴雨区对流不稳定度增强。对流抑制能量为零的高能高湿环境中,500 h Paθ弱冷平流也是暖区暴雨触发的因素之一;傍晚地形冷平流触发了初始对流并沿海拔高度1500米地形线分布;暴雨区上游强降水造成雷暴冷池出流叠加山风在“?”型峡谷西侧形成γ中尺度辐合线,并移至“?”型谷地内维持;冷性气流在快速下山后亦以冷池形式维持在“?”型峡谷东侧山脉附近,形成强温度梯度,这些因素触发并维持了芦山夜间特大暴雨。
基金financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52103064 and U21A2095)the Key Research and Development Program of Hubei Province(2021BAA068)National Local Joint Laboratory for Advanced Textile Processing and Clean Production(FX2022001)。
文摘Tailoring water supply to achieve confined heating has proven to be an effective strategy for boosting solar interfacial evaporation rates.However,because of salt clogging during desalination,a critical point of constriction occurs when controlling the water rate for confined heating.In this study,we demonstrate a facile and scalable weaving technique for fabricating core-sheath photothermal yarns that facilitate controlled water supply for stable and efficient interracial solar desalination.The core-sheath yarn comprises modal fibers as the core and carbon fibers as the sheaths.Because of the core-sheath design,remarkable liquid pumping can be enabled in the carbon fiber bundle of the dispersed superhydrophilic modal fibers.Our woven fabrics absorb a high proportion(92%)of the electromagnetic radiation in the solar spectrum because of the weaving structure and the carbon fiber sheath.Under one-sun(1 kW·m^(-2))illumination,our woven fabric device can achieve the highest evaporation rate(of 2.12kg·m^(-2)·h^(-1) with energy conversion efficiency:93.7%)by regulating the number of core-sheath yarns.Practical application tests demonstrate that our device can maintain high and stable desalination performance in a 5 wt%NaCl solution.
基金Project supported by National key R&D Program of China(2019YFA0705204)National Natural Science Foundation of China(51072026,51573023,51802027)。
文摘Photothermal therapy(PTT)has presented its inherent application value in cancer treatment.Nevertheless,single-functional photothermal materials cannot meet the precise diagnosis and treatment of cance r.Therefo re,it is important to design a nanocomposite that has both high therapeutic efficiency and multimodal imaging capabilities.In our work,a new nanostructure of gold nanorods(AuNRs)with silver shells decorated by BaGdF5:Yb^(3+),Er^(3+)nanoparticle was synthesized by a simple way.The biostability of AuNRs is increased by coating with silver shells,and the AuNR@Ag nanoparticles can be used as excellent surface enhanced Raman scattering(SERS)probe.Moreover,the modification of BaGdF5:Yb^(3+),Er^(3+)nanoparticles provides the possibility of real-time optical imaging of the tumor area.Under the irradiation of NIR laser,the AuNR@Ag/BaGdF5:Yb^(3+),Er^(3+)nanocomposites(NCs)have strong upconversion emission and excellent photothermal conversion efficiency.Meanwhile,the NCs show low cytotoxicity and good biocompatibility in MTT cytotoxicity test.Moreover,the NCs are also exceptional contrast agents for CT imaging.For in vitro photothermal therapy test,NCs show excellent killing efficiency on tumor cells.Therefore,the multifaceted research of AuNR@Ag/BaGdF5:Yb^(3+),Er^(3+)multifunctional nanomaterials provides a break for high-efficiency tumor photothermal therapy and multimodal imaging.
基金This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.59995440).
文摘With the help of scanning electronic microscopy and X-ray diffraction, the relationships of microstructure characteristics, phase assemblage, and fracture micrograph of Al2O3/ZrO2 laminated ceramics were studied. Compared with monolithic Al2O3/ZrO2 ceramics, the existence of surface compressive stresses greatly restrained the growth of ZrO2 and Al2O3 grains at high sinter temperature, fined the grain size, and increased the content of metastable t-ZrO2, which made the fracture transformation energy quantity 70% higher than that of the monolithic ceramics. The trans-granular and inter-granular fracture features were observed in the surface and center layers, which further verified that transformation toughening is the main mechanism, whereas, micro-crack toughening is helpful for enhancing fracture toughness.
基金supported by the Science and Technology Innovation Team Talent Project of Hunan Province(No.2021RC4056)the clinical research foundation of the National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases(XIANGYA)(No.2020LNJJ01)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province in China(No.2021JJ20084)the Science and Technology Innovation Program of Hunan Province(No.2021RC3020)。
文摘Polyamine metabolism dysregulation is a hallmark of many cancers,offering a promising avenue for early tumor theranostics.This study presents the development of a nuclear probe derived from spermidine(SPM)for dual-purpose tumor PET imaging and internal radiation therapy.The probe,radiolabeled with either[68Ga]Ga for diagnostic applications or[177Lu]Lu for therapeutic use,was synthesized with exceptional purity,stability,and specific activity.Extensive testing involving 12 different tumor cell lines revealed remarkable specificity towards B16 melanoma cells,showcasing outstanding tumor localization and target-to-non-target ratio.Mechanistic investigations employing polyamines,non-labeled precursor,and polyamine transport system(PTS)inhibitor,consistently affirmed the probe?s targetability through recognition of the PTS.Notably,while previous reports indicated PTS upregulation in various tumor types for targeted therapy,this study observed no positive signals,highlighting a concentration-dependent discrepancy between targeting for therapy and diagnosis.Furthermore,when labeled with[177Lu],the probe demonstrated its therapeutic potential by effectively controlling tumor growth and extending mouse survival.Investigations into biodistribution,excretion,and biosafety in healthy humans laid a robust foundation for clinical translation.This study introduces a versatile SPM-based nuclear probe with applications in precise tumor theranostics,offering promising prospects for clinical implementation.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22005341 and 22138013)the Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation(ZR2020QB128 and ZR2020ZD08)+2 种基金the Taishan Scholar Project(ts201712020)the Major Scientific and Technological Innovation Project of Shandong Province(2020CXGC010402)the Independent Innovation Research Project of China University of Petroleum(22CX06026A)。
文摘Lithium-sulfur(Li-S) batteries hold great promise in next-generation high-energy-density energy storage systems,but the intractable shuttle effect and the sluggish redox kinetics of polysulfides hinder the practical implementation of Li-S batteries.Here,heterostructured Fe_(3)C-FeN nanoparticles dotted in the threedimensional-ordered nitrogen-doped carbon framework(Fe_(3)C-FeN@NCF) were synthesized by molecular engineering combined with heterointerface engineering,and were applied to regulate the immobilization-diffusion-conversion behavior of polar polysulfides.It is experimentally and theoretically demonstrated that the heterointerface between Fe_(3)C and FeN exhibits high sulfiphilicity and high electronic/ionic conductivity,thus effectively capturing polysulfides and accelerating the bidirectional conversion of sulfur species.Meanwhile,the holey carbon framework functions as the scaffold to highly disperse binary nanoparticles,ensuring the sufficient exposure of active sites and the easy accessibility for lithium ions and electrons.By virtue of these synergistic merits,the Li-S batteries based on Fe_(3)CFeN@NCF-modified separators afford excellent electrochemical performances including a high rate capacity of 858 mA h g^(-1)at 2 C and a low capacity decay rate of 0.07% per cycle after 800 cycles at 1C This work provides inspiration for the design of heterostructured compounds and sheds light on the potential of heterostructure in high-efficiency Li-S batteries.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.51701071)the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province,China (Grant Nos.2022JJ50115 and 2021JJ30179)the Research Foundation of the Education Bureau of Hunan Province,China (Grant No.22A0522)。
文摘To date,there is still a lack of a comprehensive explanation for caged dynamics which is regarded as one of the intricate dynamic behaviors in amorphous alloys.This study focuses on Pd_(82)Si_(18)as the research object to further elucidate the underlying mechanism of caged dynamics from multiple perspectives,including the cage's lifetime,atomic local environment,and atomic potential energy.The results reveal that Si atoms exhibit a pronounced cage effect due to the hindrance of Pd atoms,resulting in an anomalous peak in the non-Gaussian parameters.An in-depth investigation was conducted on the caged dynamics differences between fast and slow Si atoms.In comparison to fast Si atoms,slow Si atoms were surrounded by more Pd atoms and occupied lower potential energy states,resulting in smaller diffusion displacements for the slow Si atoms.Concurrently,slow Si atoms tend to be in the centers of smaller clusters with coordination numbers of 9 and 10.During the isothermal relaxation process,clusters with coordination numbers 9 and 10 have longer lifetimes,suggesting that the escape of slow Si atoms from their cages is more challenging.The findings mentioned above hold significant implications for understanding the caged dynamics.
基金Supported by Sichuan Provincial Health and Family Planning Commission,China,No.17PJ088.
文摘BACKGROUND Chronic subdural effusion is very common in the cranial imaging of middle-aged and older people.Herein,we report a patient misdiagnosed with subdural effusion,who was eventually diagnosed with chronic subdural empyema(SDE)caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae.CASE SUMMARY A 63-year-old man was brought to our emergency room with a headache,vomiting,and disturbed consciousness.Computed tomography(CT)revealed a bilateral subdural effusion at the top left side of the frontal lobe.Cerebrospinal fluid examination after lumbar puncture indicated suppurative meningitis,which improved after anti-infective therapy.However,the patient then presented with acute cognitive dysfunction and right limb paralysis.Repeat CT showed an increase in left frontoparietal subdural effusion,disappearance of the left lateral ventricle,and a shift of the midline to the right.Urgent burr hole drainage showed SDE that was culture-positive for Streptococcus pneumoniae.His condition improved after adequate drainage and antibiotic treatment.CONCLUSION Patients with unexplained subdural effusion,especially asymmetric subdural effusion with intracranial infection,should be assessed for chronic SDE.Early surgical treatment may be beneficial.
基金Supported by Natural Science Foundation of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region (2020D01C245)
文摘[Objectives]The paper was to evaluate the in vivo treatment efficacy of harmine derivative 1-(2-chloro)phenyl-9-butyl-β-carboline(DH-330)on mice cystic echinococcosis(CE).[Methods]Kunming mice were injected intraperitoneally into the protoscoleces and infected with secondary infection for 8 months to prepare CE model.The successfully modeled mice were randomly divided into 6 groups according to their body weight:model group,control-1,-2 groups and experimental-L,-M,-H groups,with 10 mice in each group.The model group was given distilled water and control-1,-2 groups were given 50 mg/kg albendazole and harmine,respectively.The experimental-L,-M,-H groups were given 25,50 and 100 mg/kg DH-330.After 8 weeks of intragastric administration,the mice were dissected and vesicles were taken,and the differences of cyst weight were compared.The ultrastructure changes of cysts were observed by transmission electron microscope(TEM).The histopathology of cysts and liver were observed by hematoxylin-eosin(HE)staining method.[Results]The cyst weight of model group,control-1,-2 groups and experimental-L,-M,-H groups were(34.38±4.32),(11.38±2.37),(15.89±1.31),(16.22±2.30),(11.69±2.95)and(9.78±1.14)g,respectively.Compared between drugs group and model group,the difference was significant(all P<0.05);compared between experimental-H group and harmine group,the difference was significant(P<0.05).Except for the model group and experimental-L group,all other groups can damage the hydatid nuclei,which lead to cell lysis and nucleoli disappear.Experimental groups can improve inflammatory cells infiltration in liver and vesicle.[Conclusions]DH-330 can reduce the cysts weight of CE mice,inhibit the growth of hydatid,and improve the inflammation of the liver and vesicles,showing a good resistance against Echinococcus granulosus,or may become an effective new drug against hydatid disease.
文摘Objective:Try to demonstrate the protection of cellular dam-age in a model of the ischemia/reperfusion(I/R)of cultured rat myocardium by exogenous micro norepinephrine precon-ditioning(NEPC),so as to provide some experimental infor-mation for an new non-injury preconditioning.Method:The apex of neonatal rat(3-4 days old)were taken,scissored、digested by 0.08%pancreatin,centrifugalized and trans-formed cell suspension.After this,the cell suspension were inoculated to culture flasks and were cultured by routine method for 5 days.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant no.:82125023 and 82072504 to HX and grant no.:82272562 to ZW)the Science and Technology Innovation Program of Hunan Province(Grant no.:2023RC3075 to ZW)the Hunan Province Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant no.:2023JJ20096 to ZW and grant no.:2023JJ30872 to WD).
文摘Orthopedic implant-associated infections pose a significant clinical challenge,often requiring surgical intervention along with systemic antibiotic treatments.To address this issue,we developed a novel approach usingÅngstrom-scale silver particles(AgAPs)with broad-spectrum antibacterial properties.Specifically,we formulated a polyethylene glycol hydrogel infused with AgAPs(Gel-AgAPs)designed for treating fracture fixation infections.This novel hydrogel formulation is injectable,ensuring precise adherence to both the exposed tissue and fracture surfaces,thereby allowing the direct targeted action of AgAPs at the infection site.The Gel-AgAPs significantly reduced the infection caused by Escherichia coli(a model pathogen of orthopedic implant infection)in a murine femoral fracture model.Moreover,the Gel-AgAPs-treated infected fractures healed completely within 6 weeks,exhibiting bone formation and mechanical strength comparable to those of uninfected fractures.Further analysis revealed a significant downregulation of local inflammatory response as evidenced by a lower expression of inflammatory markers in Gel-AgAPs-treated fractures compared to untreated infected controls.Furthermore,Gel-AgAPs exhibited a unique ability to inhibit osteoclast differentiation,a critical factor in infection-induced bone degradation,without impacting osteoblast activity.In conclusion,Gel-AgAPs exerted a dual therapeutic effect by eradicating bacterial infection and mitigating inflammation-induced osteoclast activity,thereby expediting infected fracture healing.This innovative approach is a promising therapeutic alternative to conventional antibiotic treatments,potentially transforming the treatment landscape for orthopedic implant-associated infections.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2019YFB2203100).
文摘Taking the advantage of ultrafast optical linear and nonlinear effects, all-optical signal processing(AOSP) enables manipulation, regeneration, and computing of information directly in optical domain without resorting to electronics. As a promising photonic integration platform, silicon-on-insulator(SOI) has the advantage of complementary metal oxide semiconductor(CMOS) compatibility, low-loss, compact size as well as large optical nonlinearities. In this paper, we review the recent progress in the project granted to develop silicon-based reconfigurable AOSP chips, which aims to combine the merits of AOSP and silicon photonics to solve the unsustainable cost and energy challenges in future communication and big data applications. Three key challenges are identified in this project:(1) how to finely manipulate and reconfigure optical fields,(2) how to achieve ultra-low loss integrated silicon waveguides and significant enhancement of nonlinear effects,(3) how to mitigate crosstalk between optical, electrical and thermal components. By focusing on these key issues, the following major achievements are realized during the project. First, ultra-low loss silicon-based waveguides as well as ultra-high quality microresonators are developed by advancing key fabrication technologies as well as device structures. Integrated photonic filters with bandwidth and free spectral range reconfigurable in a wide range were realized to finely manipulate and select input light fields with a high degree of freedom. Second, several mechanisms and new designs that aim at nonlinear enhancement have been proposed, including optical ridge waveguides with reverse biased PIN junction, slot waveguides,multimode waveguides and parity-time symmetry coupled microresonators. Advanced AOSP operations are verified with these novel designs. Logical computations at 100 Gbit/s were demonstrated with self-developed, monolithic integrated programmable optical logic array. High-dimensional multi-value logic operations based on the four-wave mixing effect are realized. Multi-channel all-optical amplitude and phase regeneration technology is developed, and a multi-channel, multiformat, reconfigurable all-optical regeneration chip is realized. Expanding regeneration capacity via spatial dimension is also verified. Third, the crosstalk from optical as well as thermal coupling due to high-density integration are mitigated by developing novel optical designs and advanced packaging technologies, enabling high-density, small size, multi-channel and multi-functional operation with low power consumption. Finally, four programmable AOSP chips are developed, i.e.,programmable photonic filter chip, programmable photonic logic operation chip, multi-dimensional all-optical regeneration chip, and multi-channel and multi-functional AOSP chip with packaging. The major achievements developed in this project pave the way toward ultra-low loss, high-speed, high-efficient, high-density information processing in future classical and non-classical communication and computing applications.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.82302720 to Y.Wu,82125023to H.Xie,82272508 to J-Y Tang,82272562 to Z-X Wang)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant No.2023M733964 to Y.Wu,2023M733946 to X.Chen)Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province(Grant No.2023JJ40997 to Y.Wu).
文摘Osteomyelitis caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA)biofilms poses a major therapeutic challenge due to persistent infection and bone loss.Optimizing anti-infection and promoting bone repair are the main goals to improve the efficiency of osteomyelitis treatment.Herein,we present an ultrasound(US)-actived Cu-BTO@Gua composite piezoelectric sonosensitizer,created by conjugating guanidine(Gua)groups,a component that permeates the biofilm matrix,onto US-absorbing Cu-doped barium titanate(BTO).The guanidine groups demonstrate strong affinity for matrices abundant in negatively charged components,facilitating deeper biofilm penetration.Cu doping not only amplifies the piezoelectric effect,but also introduces abundant oxygen vacancies to suppress electron-hole pair recombination.Under US irradiation,the nanocomposite catalyzes the substrate to produce toxic ROS in the acidic infection microenvironment,while Cu depletes glutathione to aggravate oxidative stress,leading to bacterial toxin inactivation,biofilm disintegration,and bacterial death.Additionally,Cu-BTO@Gua promotes the polarization of M1 macrophages to the M2 phenotype by inhibiting nuclear factor-κB,which subsequently activates the transforming growth factorβ(TGF-β)signaling pathway to support osteogenesis.This dual-action approach offers a promising strategy for improving clinical outcomes of complex bone infections.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.52278304,52025082)the Science and Technology Innovation Program of Hunan Province(Grant No.2023RC3090)the Changsha Outstanding Innovative Youth Culturing Program(Grant No.kq2209009)。
文摘Bridges may suffer from large-amplitude vibrations due to strong winds,earthquakes,human-induced loads,and vehicle-induced dynamic loads.Metallic dampers employed the energy dissipation from the hysteretic behavior of metal materials are among the most effective methods to mitigate bridge vibrations.This paper reviews the development and application of metallic-yielding dampers for the vibration control of bridges.Various theoretical models for metallic damper analyses are reviewed.Different yielding mechanisms and manufacturing materials of metallic dampers are discussed.Finally,the recent progress and application of bridge engineering are summarized.It can be concluded that each section of the torsion-type metallic damper exhibits a uniform stress state and undergoes plastic deformation simultaneously.Therefore,the damper has a strong energy dissipation capacity.Additionally,self-centering metallic dampers can automatically recover to their initial position after suffering an earthquake.Combined metallic dampers can take advantage of different types of dampers,thereby enhancing damping performance.Finally,these dampers will significantly enhance the seismic performance and overall safety of bridge structures.Future research will likely focus on hybrid systems that combine metallic dampers with other energy consumption mechanisms to further improve adaptability and energy dissipation,advancing the resilience and safety of bridge structures.
