Thymoquinone(TQ)and gallic acid(GA)are known for counter-tumorigenic characteristics.GA inhibits cancer cell proliferation by interfering with many apoptotic signaling pathways,producing more reactive oxygen species(R...Thymoquinone(TQ)and gallic acid(GA)are known for counter-tumorigenic characteristics.GA inhibits cancer cell proliferation by interfering with many apoptotic signaling pathways,producing more reactive oxygen species(ROS),focusing on the cell cycle,and suppressing the expression of oncogenes and matrix metalloproteinases(MMPs).In this study,TQ(after reducing to thymohydroquinone)and GA are esterified to form thymohydroquinyl gallate(a prodrug).Thymohydroquinyl gallate(THQG)possesses enhanced antineoplastic efficacy and targeted delivery potential.The chemical and spectroscopic analysis confirms ester synthesis.Gold nanoparticles(AuNPs)are employed as nanocarriers due to their physicochemical and optical characteristics,biocompatibility,and low toxicity.As an efficient drug transporter,(AuNPs) shield conjugated drugs from enzymatic digestion.The prodrug acts as a reducing agent for Au metal atoms and is loaded onto it after reduction.The nano drug is radiolabeled with 99mTc and 131I to monitor the drug biodistribution in animals using a gamma camera and single-photon emission computerized tomography(SPECT).131I is an antineoplastic that helps enhance the drug's efficiency.Chromatographic results reveal promising radiolabeling percentages.In vitro,drug release shows sustained release at pH~5.8.In vitro 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide(MTT)cytotoxicity assay reveals drug potency on CAL 27 and MCF 7 cell lines.展开更多
AIM To understand the experience of maternal depression,the factors implicated in accessing health,and the acceptability of the psychosocial intervention.METHODS The participants were recruited from the paediatrics ou...AIM To understand the experience of maternal depression,the factors implicated in accessing health,and the acceptability of the psychosocial intervention.METHODS The participants were recruited from the paediatrics outpatient department of Civil Hospital Karachi,Pakistan.The study started in December 2009 and completed in December 2010.Women with maternal depression,aged 18-44 years with children aged 0-30 mo who had received nutritional supplements,and participated in the intervention programme[called Learning through Play(LTP)plus]were included in the study.Qualitative interviews were conducted with 8 participants before the intervention and 7 participants after the intervention.A semi structured topic guide was used to conduct the interviews.RESULTS Framework analysis procedures were used to analyse the qualitative data.Four themes emerged:(1)the women's contextual environment:Interpersonal conflicts,lack of social support and financial issues being the major barriers in assessing healthcare;(2)women's isolation and powerlessness within the environment:Sense of loneliness was identified as a restricting factor to access healthcare;(3)the impact of the intervention(LTP-Plus):Women felt"listened to"and seemed empowered;and(4)empowered transformed women within the same contextual environment:The facilitator provided a"gardening role"in nurturing the women resulting in a positive transformation within the same environment.The women's homes seemed to be more happy homes and there was a positive change in their behaviour towards their children.CONCLUSION Findings informed the further development and testing of culturally-appropriate psychosocial intervention(LTP^+)for addressing maternal depression.展开更多
文摘Thymoquinone(TQ)and gallic acid(GA)are known for counter-tumorigenic characteristics.GA inhibits cancer cell proliferation by interfering with many apoptotic signaling pathways,producing more reactive oxygen species(ROS),focusing on the cell cycle,and suppressing the expression of oncogenes and matrix metalloproteinases(MMPs).In this study,TQ(after reducing to thymohydroquinone)and GA are esterified to form thymohydroquinyl gallate(a prodrug).Thymohydroquinyl gallate(THQG)possesses enhanced antineoplastic efficacy and targeted delivery potential.The chemical and spectroscopic analysis confirms ester synthesis.Gold nanoparticles(AuNPs)are employed as nanocarriers due to their physicochemical and optical characteristics,biocompatibility,and low toxicity.As an efficient drug transporter,(AuNPs) shield conjugated drugs from enzymatic digestion.The prodrug acts as a reducing agent for Au metal atoms and is loaded onto it after reduction.The nano drug is radiolabeled with 99mTc and 131I to monitor the drug biodistribution in animals using a gamma camera and single-photon emission computerized tomography(SPECT).131I is an antineoplastic that helps enhance the drug's efficiency.Chromatographic results reveal promising radiolabeling percentages.In vitro,drug release shows sustained release at pH~5.8.In vitro 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide(MTT)cytotoxicity assay reveals drug potency on CAL 27 and MCF 7 cell lines.
文摘AIM To understand the experience of maternal depression,the factors implicated in accessing health,and the acceptability of the psychosocial intervention.METHODS The participants were recruited from the paediatrics outpatient department of Civil Hospital Karachi,Pakistan.The study started in December 2009 and completed in December 2010.Women with maternal depression,aged 18-44 years with children aged 0-30 mo who had received nutritional supplements,and participated in the intervention programme[called Learning through Play(LTP)plus]were included in the study.Qualitative interviews were conducted with 8 participants before the intervention and 7 participants after the intervention.A semi structured topic guide was used to conduct the interviews.RESULTS Framework analysis procedures were used to analyse the qualitative data.Four themes emerged:(1)the women's contextual environment:Interpersonal conflicts,lack of social support and financial issues being the major barriers in assessing healthcare;(2)women's isolation and powerlessness within the environment:Sense of loneliness was identified as a restricting factor to access healthcare;(3)the impact of the intervention(LTP-Plus):Women felt"listened to"and seemed empowered;and(4)empowered transformed women within the same contextual environment:The facilitator provided a"gardening role"in nurturing the women resulting in a positive transformation within the same environment.The women's homes seemed to be more happy homes and there was a positive change in their behaviour towards their children.CONCLUSION Findings informed the further development and testing of culturally-appropriate psychosocial intervention(LTP^+)for addressing maternal depression.
