Waste or treasure.Plastics,derived from fossil fuels,have revolutionized modern life by providing convenience and benefits across various industries,including packaging,housing,biomedicine,and automotive.Since their c...Waste or treasure.Plastics,derived from fossil fuels,have revolutionized modern life by providing convenience and benefits across various industries,including packaging,housing,biomedicine,and automotive.Since their commercialization in the 1930s and 1940s[1],over 7 billion tons of plastics have been produced,with an annual output exceeding 380 million tons[2].Unfortunately,less than 10%of post-consumer plastics are recycled,and a large portion ends up in landfills or is incinerated,contributing to environmental pollution.展开更多
Plasmonic metal nanostructures hold immense promise for catalysis,yet their potential remains limited by inefficient utilization of plasmon-derived energy.Herein,guided by theoretical predictions on the merits of plas...Plasmonic metal nanostructures hold immense promise for catalysis,yet their potential remains limited by inefficient utilization of plasmon-derived energy.Herein,guided by theoretical predictions on the merits of plasmon-coupling metal nanoparticles within dielectric matrices,Ru_(m)@pSiO_(2)nanoreactors,where clustered Ru nanoparticles confined in a porous SiO_(2)shell,are rationally designed.This architecture features enhanced plasmon-energy harvesting,intensified electromagnetic field confinement,and optimized photothermal management.Consequently,the as-designed Ru_(m)@pSiO_(2)-2 nanoreactor achieved a remarkable CH_(4)production rate of 8.75 mol g_(Ru)^(-1)h^(-1)with near-100%selectivity at 250℃under irradiation in photo-thermal CO_(2)methanation,surpassing surface-supported Rum/pSiO_(2)and isolated Ru_(1)@pSiO_(2)catalysts by 3.2-and 2.6-fold,respectively.Notably,it delivered a CH_(4)yield of 2.26 L g_(cat)^(-1)h^(-1)under natural sunlight,even on a winter day(outdoor temperature:-4-6℃).This study provides a comprehensive understanding on plasmonic energy utilization for photo-thermal catalysis and establishes a groundbreaking design paradigm for next-generation photothermal catalysts.展开更多
Solar-driven overall conversion of CO_(2)and H_(2)O into fuels and chemicals shows an ultimate strategy for carbon neutrality yet remains a huge challenge.Herein,an integrated photocatalytic redox architecture of Zn N...Solar-driven overall conversion of CO_(2)and H_(2)O into fuels and chemicals shows an ultimate strategy for carbon neutrality yet remains a huge challenge.Herein,an integrated photocatalytic redox architecture of Zn NPs/GaN Nanowires(NWs)/Si is explored for light-driven overall conversion of CO_(2)and H_(2)O into CH_(4)and H_(2)O_(2)simultaneously without any external sacrificial agents and additives.The as-designed architecture affords a benchmark CH_(4)activity of 189 mmol gcat^(-1)h^(-1)with a high selectivity of 93.6%,in the synchronized formation of H_(2)O_(2)at a considerable rate of 25 m g^(-1)h^(-1).Moreover,a considerable turnover number of 27,280 mol CH_(4)per mol Zn was achieved over a long-term operation of 80 h.By operando spectroscopic characterizations,isotope experiments,and density functional theory calculations,it is unraveled that Zn sites are synergetic with GaN to drive CO_(2)-to-CH_(4)conversion with a lowered energy barrier of 0.27 eV while inhibiting hydrogen evolution reaction with a relatively high energy barrier of 0.93 eV.Notably,owing to the unique surface properties of GaN,water is split into*OH and*H,followed by the formation of H_(2)O_(2)because of the alleviated adsorption strength of*OH by Zn NPs.Together,the hierarchical architecture enables the achievement of high activity and high selectivity of CH_(4)from CO_(2)reduction in distilled water along with the generation of H_(2)O_(2).This work provides an integrated photocatalytic redox architecture for the synchronized production of CH_(4)and H_(2)O_(2)with the only inputs of CO_(2),distilled water,and light.展开更多
Hydrogen,as a clean and versatile energy carrier,plays a vital role in the global transition toward carbon neutrality.Achieving a sustainable hydrogen economy requires safe,efficient,and cost‐effective technologies a...Hydrogen,as a clean and versatile energy carrier,plays a vital role in the global transition toward carbon neutrality.Achieving a sustainable hydrogen economy requires safe,efficient,and cost‐effective technologies across production,storage,transportation,and utilization.On the production side,electrolysis and solar‐driven photocatalysis are rapidly advancing toward industrial adoption,yet remain constrained by electrolysis efficiency,cost,and electrolyzer durability.For storage and transportation,lowering costs and energy consumption,improving system efficiency,and deploying safe,high‐capacity hydrogen storage and transportation solutions are key priorities.Regarding hydrogen utilization,particularly hydrogen fuel cells and hydrogen‐based power systems,require further enhancement in their durability,reliability,and integration flexibility to enable widespread deployment across sectors.Therefore,this review provides a comprehensive overview of green hydrogen technologies,emphasizing recent advances,key challenges,and industrial demonstrations.By integrating insights from electrochemical and photochemical production,solid‐state and liquid‐phase storage,and hydrogen end‐use pathways,we propose a roadmap toward the scalable deployment of green hydrogen infrastructure.Coordinated progress across these domains will position hydrogen as a cornerstone of a sustainable,secure,and decarbonized global energy solution.展开更多
Sunlight-powered water splitting presents a promising strategy for converting intermittent and virtually unlimited solar energy into energy-dense and storable green hydrogen.Since the pioneering discovery by Honda and...Sunlight-powered water splitting presents a promising strategy for converting intermittent and virtually unlimited solar energy into energy-dense and storable green hydrogen.Since the pioneering discovery by Honda and Fujishima,considerable efforts have been made in this research area.Among various materials developed,Ga(X)N/Si(X=In,Ge,Mg,etc.)nanoarchitecture has emerged as a disruptive semiconductor platform to split water toward hydrogen by sunlight.This paper introduces the characteristics,properties,and growth/synthesis/fabrication methods of Ga(X)N/Si nanoarchitecture,primarily focusing on explaining the suitability as an ideal platform for sunlight-powered water splitting toward green hydrogen fuel.In addition,it exclusively summarizes the recent progress and development of Ga(X)N/Si nanoarchitecture for photocatalytic and photoelectrochemical water splitting.Moreover,it describes the challenges and prospects of artificial photosynthesis integrated device and system using Ga(X)N/Si nanoarchitectures for solar water splitting toward hydrogen.展开更多
Photoelectrocatalytic(PEC)production of fuels and chemicals by using solar energy,water,and CO_(2) paves a promising avenue toward carbon neutrality.Over the past decades,for accelerating this process,a variety of pho...Photoelectrocatalytic(PEC)production of fuels and chemicals by using solar energy,water,and CO_(2) paves a promising avenue toward carbon neutrality.Over the past decades,for accelerating this process,a variety of photocathodes have been explored.Among them,the hybrid of GaN nanowires(NWs)and planar silicon has appeared as a disruptive platform for this grand topic,owing to their distinctive structural,optoelectronic,and catalytic properties.This review illustrates the most recent advances in GaN NWs/Si-based photocathodes for CO_(2) reduction reactions powered by simulated sunlight,beginning with a discussion of the critical requirements and fundamental challenges of PEC CO_(2) reduction.The characteristics of GaN NWs/Si are then discussed,showing its great potential in precisely controlling the behavior of photons,charges,and chemical species.As the focus of this review,the progress on the PEC CO_(2) reduction reactions toward different products over GaN NWs/Si-based photocathodes is highlighted.In the end,the challenges and prospects of GaN NWs/Si-based photocathodes for the practical synthesis of solarfuels and chemicals are proposed.展开更多
CO_(2)is not only the primary cause of climate change but also an abundant and recyclable carbon resource.The breakthrough in emerging disruptive technologies such as carbon capture and storage(CCS),power-to-X,and dir...CO_(2)is not only the primary cause of climate change but also an abundant and recyclable carbon resource.The breakthrough in emerging disruptive technologies such as carbon capture and storage(CCS),power-to-X,and direct air capture(DAC)is fundamental to achieving carbon neutrality.Among these technologies,artificial photosynthesis offers an attractive method for recycling carbon dioxide and water into fuels and chemicals using solar energy(CO_(2)+H_(2)O+sunlight→fuels+chemicals).It holds great promise for addressing the critical challenges associated with elevated CO_(2)concentrations and securing a sustainable supply of fuels and chemicals for economic sectors.展开更多
In a recent article in Nature,Mi and coworkers from the University of Michigan reported a solar-to-hydrogen(STH)efficiency of>9%in converting water into hydrogen and oxygen[1],which represents an important breakthr...In a recent article in Nature,Mi and coworkers from the University of Michigan reported a solar-to-hydrogen(STH)efficiency of>9%in converting water into hydrogen and oxygen[1],which represents an important breakthrough in this field due to the benchmarking leap in STH efficiency of photocatalytic overall water splitting under natural sunlight.展开更多
Electrocatalytic water splitting shows a tremendous promise for storing green and intermittent electricity into storable fuels,paving a sustainable way toward carbon neutrality. The exploration of a bifunctional elect...Electrocatalytic water splitting shows a tremendous promise for storing green and intermittent electricity into storable fuels,paving a sustainable way toward carbon neutrality. The exploration of a bifunctional electrocatalyst for simultaneously enhancing oxygen evolution reaction and hydrogen evolution reaction is at the core yet remains a grand challenge, especially operated in the same electrolyte. In this work, mesoscale gold nanoarrows with special chiral morphology are synthesized for electrocatalytic water splitting. In the same electrolyte of 1 M KOH aqueous solution, the as-designed chiral R-/L-helically grooved gold nanoarrows(R-/L-heli GNAs) demonstrated significantly enhanced performance in both hydrogen evolution reaction and oxygen evolution reaction with overpotentials of 186 and 355 m V at 10 m A cm^(-2), respectively, compared to the achiral counterpart. For oxygen evolution reaction, the performance is even comparable to commercial notable metal catalysts,i.e., RuO_(2), of which the overpotential is 310 m V under the same measured conditions. The spin-polarized conductive atomic force microscope(c-AFM), finite-difference time-domain simulation, in combination with electrochemical investigations, show that the chirality of R-/L-heli GNAs makes a substantial contribution toward the remarkable performance by enhanced electric field distribution for hydrogen evolution reaction and by tuning the spin states of the electrons for oxygen evolution reaction.This study presents an encouraging strategy for simultaneously promoting hydrogen evolution reaction and oxygen evolution reaction that operated in the same electrolyte by imparting chirality toward a mesoscale inorganic electrocatalyst, showing a grand promise for opening up a new way for electrocatalytic water splitting toward green hydrogen.展开更多
The heavy consumption of non-renewable fossil feedstocks has induced several vital problems such as global warming and energy crises.Biomass,particularly lignin,is a promising renewable resource to substitute fossil f...The heavy consumption of non-renewable fossil feedstocks has induced several vital problems such as global warming and energy crises.Biomass,particularly lignin,is a promising renewable resource to substitute fossil fuels for producing value-added chemicals and fuels[1–3].Lignin has a highly irregular and recalcitrant structure that constituted by coumaryl,coniferyl and sinapyl alcohol monomers via intermolecular C–O and C–C bonds in a random order.For a long time,lignin has been regarded as a waste source and burnt for heat.Recently,the high values of lignin as a feedstock to bridge future gaps to supply aromatics have been extensively recognized and various catalytic strategies to transform lignin into arenes,cycloalkanes,etc.have been reported.展开更多
Plastics are ubiquitous in people's daily lives,providing a multitude of advantages to the society.They play a vital role in raising living standards and promoting economic growth,from boosting food safety and med...Plastics are ubiquitous in people's daily lives,providing a multitude of advantages to the society.They play a vital role in raising living standards and promoting economic growth,from boosting food safety and medical care to advancing technology and infrastructure[1,2].展开更多
Chirality is a fundamental geometric property that manifests across molecular and nanoscale systems,profoundly influencing physical,chemical,and biological processes.At the intersection of chiral chemistry and nanosci...Chirality is a fundamental geometric property that manifests across molecular and nanoscale systems,profoundly influencing physical,chemical,and biological processes.At the intersection of chiral chemistry and nanoscience,chiral nanomaterials have emerged as a transformative class of materials,exhibiting unique spin-dependent properties governed by the chiral-induced spin selectivity(CISS)effect.This quantum phenomenon,rooted in spin-orbit coupling and spin filtering mechanisms,enables precise modulation of electron spin polarization,unlocking new opportunities in catalysis,spintronics,and energy conversion.This review provides a comprehensive overview of the CISS effect in chiral nanomaterials,elucidating its underlying mechanisms—including spin-orbit interactions,spin filtering,and spin blockade—and surveying advanced techniques for characterizing both structural chirality and spin polarization.We further highlight emerging applications in electrocatalysis,photocatalysis,and spintronic device engineering.Despite significant progress,key challenges remain in unraveling the fundamental physics,achieving accurate spin characterization,and translating these phenomena into robust,scalable technologies.Continued interdisciplinary research into the rational design and functionalization of chiral nanomaterials is poised to drive breakthroughs in sustainable energy,next-generation catalysis,and quantum information technologies.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(YFB20234004900)the Shanghai Pilot Program for Basic Research-Shanghai Jiao Tong University(21TQ1400211)+2 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22109095)the Oceanic Interdisciplinary Program of Shanghai Jiao Tong University(SL2022MS007)the State Key Laboratory of Photoelectric Conversion and Utilization of Solar Energy(Innovation Fund Project SKLPCU24OP009).
文摘Waste or treasure.Plastics,derived from fossil fuels,have revolutionized modern life by providing convenience and benefits across various industries,including packaging,housing,biomedicine,and automotive.Since their commercialization in the 1930s and 1940s[1],over 7 billion tons of plastics have been produced,with an annual output exceeding 380 million tons[2].Unfortunately,less than 10%of post-consumer plastics are recycled,and a large portion ends up in landfills or is incinerated,contributing to environmental pollution.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52172213)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(ZR2023YQ038)+1 种基金Shandong Excellent Young Scientists Fund Program(Overseas)(2022HWYQ-020)the Project of“20 Items of University”of Jinan(202333055)。
文摘Plasmonic metal nanostructures hold immense promise for catalysis,yet their potential remains limited by inefficient utilization of plasmon-derived energy.Herein,guided by theoretical predictions on the merits of plasmon-coupling metal nanoparticles within dielectric matrices,Ru_(m)@pSiO_(2)nanoreactors,where clustered Ru nanoparticles confined in a porous SiO_(2)shell,are rationally designed.This architecture features enhanced plasmon-energy harvesting,intensified electromagnetic field confinement,and optimized photothermal management.Consequently,the as-designed Ru_(m)@pSiO_(2)-2 nanoreactor achieved a remarkable CH_(4)production rate of 8.75 mol g_(Ru)^(-1)h^(-1)with near-100%selectivity at 250℃under irradiation in photo-thermal CO_(2)methanation,surpassing surface-supported Rum/pSiO_(2)and isolated Ru_(1)@pSiO_(2)catalysts by 3.2-and 2.6-fold,respectively.Notably,it delivered a CH_(4)yield of 2.26 L g_(cat)^(-1)h^(-1)under natural sunlight,even on a winter day(outdoor temperature:-4-6℃).This study provides a comprehensive understanding on plasmonic energy utilization for photo-thermal catalysis and establishes a groundbreaking design paradigm for next-generation photothermal catalysts.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFB4004900)Shanghai Pilot Program for Basic Research-Shanghai Jiao Tong University(21TQ1400211)+5 种基金the Oceanic Interdisciplinary Program of Shanghai Jiao Tong University(SL2022MS007)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22109095)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62305005,62321004,and 62227817)Beijing Natural Science Foundation(z200004)the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada Discovery Grant(RGPIN-2017-05187)McGill Engineering Doctoral Award(MEDA),and Digital Alliance of Canada-computational resources.
文摘Solar-driven overall conversion of CO_(2)and H_(2)O into fuels and chemicals shows an ultimate strategy for carbon neutrality yet remains a huge challenge.Herein,an integrated photocatalytic redox architecture of Zn NPs/GaN Nanowires(NWs)/Si is explored for light-driven overall conversion of CO_(2)and H_(2)O into CH_(4)and H_(2)O_(2)simultaneously without any external sacrificial agents and additives.The as-designed architecture affords a benchmark CH_(4)activity of 189 mmol gcat^(-1)h^(-1)with a high selectivity of 93.6%,in the synchronized formation of H_(2)O_(2)at a considerable rate of 25 m g^(-1)h^(-1).Moreover,a considerable turnover number of 27,280 mol CH_(4)per mol Zn was achieved over a long-term operation of 80 h.By operando spectroscopic characterizations,isotope experiments,and density functional theory calculations,it is unraveled that Zn sites are synergetic with GaN to drive CO_(2)-to-CH_(4)conversion with a lowered energy barrier of 0.27 eV while inhibiting hydrogen evolution reaction with a relatively high energy barrier of 0.93 eV.Notably,owing to the unique surface properties of GaN,water is split into*OH and*H,followed by the formation of H_(2)O_(2)because of the alleviated adsorption strength of*OH by Zn NPs.Together,the hierarchical architecture enables the achievement of high activity and high selectivity of CH_(4)from CO_(2)reduction in distilled water along with the generation of H_(2)O_(2).This work provides an integrated photocatalytic redox architecture for the synchronized production of CH_(4)and H_(2)O_(2)with the only inputs of CO_(2),distilled water,and light.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(no.2022YFB3803700)the National Natural Science Foundation(52401386)the SINOPEC Research Institute of Petroleum Processing Co.Ltd.Fund(25H010102119).
文摘Hydrogen,as a clean and versatile energy carrier,plays a vital role in the global transition toward carbon neutrality.Achieving a sustainable hydrogen economy requires safe,efficient,and cost‐effective technologies across production,storage,transportation,and utilization.On the production side,electrolysis and solar‐driven photocatalysis are rapidly advancing toward industrial adoption,yet remain constrained by electrolysis efficiency,cost,and electrolyzer durability.For storage and transportation,lowering costs and energy consumption,improving system efficiency,and deploying safe,high‐capacity hydrogen storage and transportation solutions are key priorities.Regarding hydrogen utilization,particularly hydrogen fuel cells and hydrogen‐based power systems,require further enhancement in their durability,reliability,and integration flexibility to enable widespread deployment across sectors.Therefore,this review provides a comprehensive overview of green hydrogen technologies,emphasizing recent advances,key challenges,and industrial demonstrations.By integrating insights from electrochemical and photochemical production,solid‐state and liquid‐phase storage,and hydrogen end‐use pathways,we propose a roadmap toward the scalable deployment of green hydrogen infrastructure.Coordinated progress across these domains will position hydrogen as a cornerstone of a sustainable,secure,and decarbonized global energy solution.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.22109095)the Shanghai Pilot Program for Basic Research-Shanghai Jiao Tong University(21TQ1400211)+1 种基金the Oceanic Interdisciplinary Program of Shanghai Jiao Tong University(SL2022MS007)the Natural Science and Engineering Research Council of Canada(NSERC)Discovery Grant Program.
文摘Sunlight-powered water splitting presents a promising strategy for converting intermittent and virtually unlimited solar energy into energy-dense and storable green hydrogen.Since the pioneering discovery by Honda and Fujishima,considerable efforts have been made in this research area.Among various materials developed,Ga(X)N/Si(X=In,Ge,Mg,etc.)nanoarchitecture has emerged as a disruptive semiconductor platform to split water toward hydrogen by sunlight.This paper introduces the characteristics,properties,and growth/synthesis/fabrication methods of Ga(X)N/Si nanoarchitecture,primarily focusing on explaining the suitability as an ideal platform for sunlight-powered water splitting toward green hydrogen fuel.In addition,it exclusively summarizes the recent progress and development of Ga(X)N/Si nanoarchitecture for photocatalytic and photoelectrochemical water splitting.Moreover,it describes the challenges and prospects of artificial photosynthesis integrated device and system using Ga(X)N/Si nanoarchitectures for solar water splitting toward hydrogen.
基金supported by the Startup Fund of Shanghai Jiao Tong University and the National Natural Foundation of China(22109095)Shanghai Pilot Program for Basic Research-Shanghai Jiao Tong University(21TQ1400211).
文摘Photoelectrocatalytic(PEC)production of fuels and chemicals by using solar energy,water,and CO_(2) paves a promising avenue toward carbon neutrality.Over the past decades,for accelerating this process,a variety of photocathodes have been explored.Among them,the hybrid of GaN nanowires(NWs)and planar silicon has appeared as a disruptive platform for this grand topic,owing to their distinctive structural,optoelectronic,and catalytic properties.This review illustrates the most recent advances in GaN NWs/Si-based photocathodes for CO_(2) reduction reactions powered by simulated sunlight,beginning with a discussion of the critical requirements and fundamental challenges of PEC CO_(2) reduction.The characteristics of GaN NWs/Si are then discussed,showing its great potential in precisely controlling the behavior of photons,charges,and chemical species.As the focus of this review,the progress on the PEC CO_(2) reduction reactions toward different products over GaN NWs/Si-based photocathodes is highlighted.In the end,the challenges and prospects of GaN NWs/Si-based photocathodes for the practical synthesis of solarfuels and chemicals are proposed.
文摘CO_(2)is not only the primary cause of climate change but also an abundant and recyclable carbon resource.The breakthrough in emerging disruptive technologies such as carbon capture and storage(CCS),power-to-X,and direct air capture(DAC)is fundamental to achieving carbon neutrality.Among these technologies,artificial photosynthesis offers an attractive method for recycling carbon dioxide and water into fuels and chemicals using solar energy(CO_(2)+H_(2)O+sunlight→fuels+chemicals).It holds great promise for addressing the critical challenges associated with elevated CO_(2)concentrations and securing a sustainable supply of fuels and chemicals for economic sectors.
文摘In a recent article in Nature,Mi and coworkers from the University of Michigan reported a solar-to-hydrogen(STH)efficiency of>9%in converting water into hydrogen and oxygen[1],which represents an important breakthrough in this field due to the benchmarking leap in STH efficiency of photocatalytic overall water splitting under natural sunlight.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2023YFB4004900)the Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology Major Project+2 种基金the Shanghai Pilot Program for Basic Research-Shanghai Jiao Tong University (21TQ1400211)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (22109095)the Startup Fund of Shanghai Jiao Tong University and the State Key Laboratory of Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics。
文摘Electrocatalytic water splitting shows a tremendous promise for storing green and intermittent electricity into storable fuels,paving a sustainable way toward carbon neutrality. The exploration of a bifunctional electrocatalyst for simultaneously enhancing oxygen evolution reaction and hydrogen evolution reaction is at the core yet remains a grand challenge, especially operated in the same electrolyte. In this work, mesoscale gold nanoarrows with special chiral morphology are synthesized for electrocatalytic water splitting. In the same electrolyte of 1 M KOH aqueous solution, the as-designed chiral R-/L-helically grooved gold nanoarrows(R-/L-heli GNAs) demonstrated significantly enhanced performance in both hydrogen evolution reaction and oxygen evolution reaction with overpotentials of 186 and 355 m V at 10 m A cm^(-2), respectively, compared to the achiral counterpart. For oxygen evolution reaction, the performance is even comparable to commercial notable metal catalysts,i.e., RuO_(2), of which the overpotential is 310 m V under the same measured conditions. The spin-polarized conductive atomic force microscope(c-AFM), finite-difference time-domain simulation, in combination with electrochemical investigations, show that the chirality of R-/L-heli GNAs makes a substantial contribution toward the remarkable performance by enhanced electric field distribution for hydrogen evolution reaction and by tuning the spin states of the electrons for oxygen evolution reaction.This study presents an encouraging strategy for simultaneously promoting hydrogen evolution reaction and oxygen evolution reaction that operated in the same electrolyte by imparting chirality toward a mesoscale inorganic electrocatalyst, showing a grand promise for opening up a new way for electrocatalytic water splitting toward green hydrogen.
文摘The heavy consumption of non-renewable fossil feedstocks has induced several vital problems such as global warming and energy crises.Biomass,particularly lignin,is a promising renewable resource to substitute fossil fuels for producing value-added chemicals and fuels[1–3].Lignin has a highly irregular and recalcitrant structure that constituted by coumaryl,coniferyl and sinapyl alcohol monomers via intermolecular C–O and C–C bonds in a random order.For a long time,lignin has been regarded as a waste source and burnt for heat.Recently,the high values of lignin as a feedstock to bridge future gaps to supply aromatics have been extensively recognized and various catalytic strategies to transform lignin into arenes,cycloalkanes,etc.have been reported.
文摘Plastics are ubiquitous in people's daily lives,providing a multitude of advantages to the society.They play a vital role in raising living standards and promoting economic growth,from boosting food safety and medical care to advancing technology and infrastructure[1,2].
基金supported by the Shanghai Pilot Program for Basic Research-Shanghai Jiao Tong University(21TQ1400211)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFB4004900)the Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing,China(CSTB2024NSCQ-MSX1115)。
文摘Chirality is a fundamental geometric property that manifests across molecular and nanoscale systems,profoundly influencing physical,chemical,and biological processes.At the intersection of chiral chemistry and nanoscience,chiral nanomaterials have emerged as a transformative class of materials,exhibiting unique spin-dependent properties governed by the chiral-induced spin selectivity(CISS)effect.This quantum phenomenon,rooted in spin-orbit coupling and spin filtering mechanisms,enables precise modulation of electron spin polarization,unlocking new opportunities in catalysis,spintronics,and energy conversion.This review provides a comprehensive overview of the CISS effect in chiral nanomaterials,elucidating its underlying mechanisms—including spin-orbit interactions,spin filtering,and spin blockade—and surveying advanced techniques for characterizing both structural chirality and spin polarization.We further highlight emerging applications in electrocatalysis,photocatalysis,and spintronic device engineering.Despite significant progress,key challenges remain in unraveling the fundamental physics,achieving accurate spin characterization,and translating these phenomena into robust,scalable technologies.Continued interdisciplinary research into the rational design and functionalization of chiral nanomaterials is poised to drive breakthroughs in sustainable energy,next-generation catalysis,and quantum information technologies.
