Agromyzid leafminers cause significant economic losses in both vegetable and horticultural crops,and precise assessments of pesticide needs must be based on the extent of leaf damage.Traditionally,surveyors estimate t...Agromyzid leafminers cause significant economic losses in both vegetable and horticultural crops,and precise assessments of pesticide needs must be based on the extent of leaf damage.Traditionally,surveyors estimate the damage by visually comparing the proportion of damaged to intact leaf area,a method that lacks objectivity,precision,and reliable data traceability.To address these issues,an advanced survey system that combines augmented reality(AR)glasses with a camera and an artificial intelligence(AI)algorithm was developed in this study to objectively and accurately assess leafminer damage in the feld.By wearing AR glasses equipped with a voice-controlled camera,surveyors can easily flatten damaged leaves by hand and capture images for analysis.This method can provide a precise and reliable diagnosis of leafminer damage levels,which in turn supports the implementation of scientifically grounded and targeted pest management strategies.To calculate the leafminer damage level,the DeepLab-Leafminer model was proposed to precisely segment the leafminer-damaged regions and the intact leaf region.The integration of an edge-aware module and a Canny loss function into the DeepLabv3+model enhanced the DeepLab-Leafminer model's capability to accurately segment the edges of leafminer-damaged regions,which often exhibit irregular shapes.Compared with state-of-the-art segmentation models,the DeepLabLeafminer model achieved superior segmentation performance with an Intersection over Union(IoU)of 81.23%and an F1score of 87.92%on leafminer-damaged leaves.The test results revealed a 92.38%diagnosis accuracy of leafminer damage levels based on the DeepLab-Leafminer model.A mobile application and a web platform were developed to assist surveyors in displaying the diagnostic results of leafminer damage levels.This system provides surveyors with an advanced,user-friendly,and accurate tool for assessing agromyzid leafminer damage in agricultural felds using wearable AR glasses and an AI model.This method can also be utilized to automatically diagnose pest and disease damage levels in other crops based on leaf images.展开更多
The bioleaching of chalcopyrite is low cost and environmentally friendly,but the leaching rate is low.To explore the mechanism of chalcopyrite bioleaching and improve its leaching rate,the effect and mechanism of mang...The bioleaching of chalcopyrite is low cost and environmentally friendly,but the leaching rate is low.To explore the mechanism of chalcopyrite bioleaching and improve its leaching rate,the effect and mechanism of manganese ions(Mn^(2+))and visible light on chalcopyrite mediated by Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans(A.ferrooxidans)were discussed.Bioleaching experiments showed that when both Mn^(2+)and visible light were present,the copper extraction was 14.38%higher than that of the control system(without Mn^(2+)and visible light).Moreover,visible light and Mn^(2+)promoted the growth of A.ferrooxidans.Scanning electron microscopy(SEM)and energy dispersive spectrometer(EDS)analysis revealed that Mn^(2+)promoted the formation of extracellular polymeric substance(EPS)on the surface of chalcopyrite,changed the morphology of A.ferrooxidans,enhanced the adsorption of bacteria on chalcopyrite surface with light illumination,and thus promoted the bioleaching of chalcopyrite.UV–vis absorbance spectra indicated that Mn^(2+)promoted the response of chalcopyrite to visible light and enhanced the catalytic effect of visible light on chalcopyrite bioleaching.Based on X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS),the relevant sulfur speciation of chalcopyrite before and after bioleaching were analyzed and the results revealed that visible light and Mn^(2+)promoted chalcopyrite bioleaching by reducing the formation of passivation layer(S_(n)^(2-)/S0).Investigation into electrochemical results further indicated that Mn^(2+)and visible light improved the electrochemical activity of chalcopyrite,thus increasing the bioleaching rate.展开更多
There has been a strong interest in technologies suited for mining and processing of low-grade ores because of the rapid depletion of mineral resources in the world.In most cases,the extraction of copper from such raw...There has been a strong interest in technologies suited for mining and processing of low-grade ores because of the rapid depletion of mineral resources in the world.In most cases,the extraction of copper from such raw materials is achieved by applying the leaching procedures.However,its low extraction efficiency and the long extraction period limit its large-scale commercial applications in copper recovery,even though bioleaching has been widely employed commercially for heap and dump bioleaching of secondary copper sulfide ores.Overcoming the technical challenges requires a better understanding of leaching kinetics and on-site microbial activities.Herein,this paper reviews the current status of main commercial biomining operations around the world,identifies factors that affect chalcocite dissolution both in chemical leaching and bioleaching,summarizes the related kinetic research,and concludes with a discussion of two on-site chalcocite heap leaching practices.Further,the challenges and innovations for the future development of chalcocite hydrometallurgy are presented in the end.展开更多
Even though biodissolution of chalcopyrite is considered to be one of the key contributors in the formation of acid mine drainage(AMD),there are few studies to control AMD by inhibiting chalcopyrite biodissolution.The...Even though biodissolution of chalcopyrite is considered to be one of the key contributors in the formation of acid mine drainage(AMD),there are few studies to control AMD by inhibiting chalcopyrite biodissolution.Therefore,a novel method of using hematite to inhibit chalcopyrite biodissolution was proposed and verified.The results indicated that chalcopyrite biodissolution could be significantly inhibited by hematite,which consequently decreased the formation of AMD.In the presence of hematite,the final biodissolution rate of chalcopyrite decreased from 57.9%to 44.4%at 20 day.This in turn suggested that the formation of AMD was effectively suppressed under such condition.According to the biodissolution results,mineral composition and morphology analyses,and electrochemical analysis,it was shown that hematite promoted the formation and accumulation of passivation substances(jarosite and Cu2-xS)on chalcopyrite surface,thus inhibiting the biodissolution of chalcopyrite and limiting the formation of AMD.展开更多
This paper deals with the implementation of the hyperbolic filter algorithm for noise suppression of seismic data. Known the velocity of reflection event, utilizes the resemblance of reflection signal in each seismic ...This paper deals with the implementation of the hyperbolic filter algorithm for noise suppression of seismic data. Known the velocity of reflection event, utilizes the resemblance of reflection signal in each seismic trace, the hyperbolic filter algorithm is effective in enhance reflection event and suppress the random noise. This algorithm is used to CDP gathers also is compared with the algorithm of τ-p transform. Simulation shows the hyperbolic filter is effective and better than τ-p transform.展开更多
Simulated compounds were prepared by loading K2SO4 onto V2O5/AC catalysts. Study the effect of K2SO4 on V1/AC catalysts in the presence of low concentration SO2. Transient response techniques, TPD was carried out. The...Simulated compounds were prepared by loading K2SO4 onto V2O5/AC catalysts. Study the effect of K2SO4 on V1/AC catalysts in the presence of low concentration SO2. Transient response techniques, TPD was carried out. The results indicated that the DeNO activity of V1/AC catalysts was decreased seriously in the early period of operation, but the deactivation was gradually diminished with SO2 adsorption and then, it was completely eliminated. For the sulphated catalysts (saturated catalysts by sulphate), their SCR activity were free from existence of gaseous SO2. the loss of activity about 10% caused by K2SO4 was found on them. The deactivation of K2SO4 deposited catalysts was due to the decrease of adsorbed and activated NH3, or some acid sites.展开更多
Invertebrate species are a natural reservoir of viral genetic diversity,and invertebrate pests are widely distributed in crop fields.However,information on viruses infecting invertebrate pests of crops is limited.In t...Invertebrate species are a natural reservoir of viral genetic diversity,and invertebrate pests are widely distributed in crop fields.However,information on viruses infecting invertebrate pests of crops is limited.In this report,we describe the deep metatranscriptomic sequencing of 88 invertebrate samples covering all major invertebrate pests in rice fields.We identified 296 new RNA viruses and 13 known RNA viruses.These viruses clustered within 31 families,with many highly divergent viruses constituting potentially new families and genera.Of the identified viruses,13 RNA viruses clustered within the Fiersviridae family of bacteriophages,and 48 RNA viruses clustered within families and genera of mycoviruses.We detected known rice viruses in novel invertebrate hosts at high abundances.Furthermore,some novel RNA viruses have genome structures closely matching to known plant viruses and clustered within genera of several plant virus species.Fortyfive potential insect pathogenic RNA viruses were detected in invertebrate species.Our analysis revealed that host taxonomy plays a major role and geographical location plays an important role in structuring viral diversity.Cross-species transmission of RNA viruses was detected between invertebrate hosts.Newly identified viral genomes showed extensive variation for invertebrate viral families or genera.Together,the large-scale metatranscriptomic analysis greatly expands our understanding of RNA viruses in rice invertebrate species,the results provide valuable information for developing efficient strategies to manage insect pests and virus-mediated crop diseases.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2021YFC2600400 and 2023YFC2605200)the National Key Research Program of China(2021YFD1401100)the“San Nong Jiu Fang”Sciences and Technologies Cooperation Project of Zhejiang Province,China(2024SNJF010)。
文摘Agromyzid leafminers cause significant economic losses in both vegetable and horticultural crops,and precise assessments of pesticide needs must be based on the extent of leaf damage.Traditionally,surveyors estimate the damage by visually comparing the proportion of damaged to intact leaf area,a method that lacks objectivity,precision,and reliable data traceability.To address these issues,an advanced survey system that combines augmented reality(AR)glasses with a camera and an artificial intelligence(AI)algorithm was developed in this study to objectively and accurately assess leafminer damage in the feld.By wearing AR glasses equipped with a voice-controlled camera,surveyors can easily flatten damaged leaves by hand and capture images for analysis.This method can provide a precise and reliable diagnosis of leafminer damage levels,which in turn supports the implementation of scientifically grounded and targeted pest management strategies.To calculate the leafminer damage level,the DeepLab-Leafminer model was proposed to precisely segment the leafminer-damaged regions and the intact leaf region.The integration of an edge-aware module and a Canny loss function into the DeepLabv3+model enhanced the DeepLab-Leafminer model's capability to accurately segment the edges of leafminer-damaged regions,which often exhibit irregular shapes.Compared with state-of-the-art segmentation models,the DeepLabLeafminer model achieved superior segmentation performance with an Intersection over Union(IoU)of 81.23%and an F1score of 87.92%on leafminer-damaged leaves.The test results revealed a 92.38%diagnosis accuracy of leafminer damage levels based on the DeepLab-Leafminer model.A mobile application and a web platform were developed to assist surveyors in displaying the diagnostic results of leafminer damage levels.This system provides surveyors with an advanced,user-friendly,and accurate tool for assessing agromyzid leafminer damage in agricultural felds using wearable AR glasses and an AI model.This method can also be utilized to automatically diagnose pest and disease damage levels in other crops based on leaf images.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foun-dation of China(51774332,51934009,U1932129)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of Central South University(2021zzts0299)the college students innovations special project funded by Hunan province(S2021105330471).
文摘The bioleaching of chalcopyrite is low cost and environmentally friendly,but the leaching rate is low.To explore the mechanism of chalcopyrite bioleaching and improve its leaching rate,the effect and mechanism of manganese ions(Mn^(2+))and visible light on chalcopyrite mediated by Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans(A.ferrooxidans)were discussed.Bioleaching experiments showed that when both Mn^(2+)and visible light were present,the copper extraction was 14.38%higher than that of the control system(without Mn^(2+)and visible light).Moreover,visible light and Mn^(2+)promoted the growth of A.ferrooxidans.Scanning electron microscopy(SEM)and energy dispersive spectrometer(EDS)analysis revealed that Mn^(2+)promoted the formation of extracellular polymeric substance(EPS)on the surface of chalcopyrite,changed the morphology of A.ferrooxidans,enhanced the adsorption of bacteria on chalcopyrite surface with light illumination,and thus promoted the bioleaching of chalcopyrite.UV–vis absorbance spectra indicated that Mn^(2+)promoted the response of chalcopyrite to visible light and enhanced the catalytic effect of visible light on chalcopyrite bioleaching.Based on X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS),the relevant sulfur speciation of chalcopyrite before and after bioleaching were analyzed and the results revealed that visible light and Mn^(2+)promoted chalcopyrite bioleaching by reducing the formation of passivation layer(S_(n)^(2-)/S0).Investigation into electrochemical results further indicated that Mn^(2+)and visible light improved the electrochemical activity of chalcopyrite,thus increasing the bioleaching rate.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U1932129,51774332,51934009 and 52004086)Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province(No.2018JJ1041),Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of Central South University(Nos.2021zzts0301 and 2021zzts0299)。
文摘There has been a strong interest in technologies suited for mining and processing of low-grade ores because of the rapid depletion of mineral resources in the world.In most cases,the extraction of copper from such raw materials is achieved by applying the leaching procedures.However,its low extraction efficiency and the long extraction period limit its large-scale commercial applications in copper recovery,even though bioleaching has been widely employed commercially for heap and dump bioleaching of secondary copper sulfide ores.Overcoming the technical challenges requires a better understanding of leaching kinetics and on-site microbial activities.Herein,this paper reviews the current status of main commercial biomining operations around the world,identifies factors that affect chalcocite dissolution both in chemical leaching and bioleaching,summarizes the related kinetic research,and concludes with a discussion of two on-site chalcocite heap leaching practices.Further,the challenges and innovations for the future development of chalcocite hydrometallurgy are presented in the end.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province(No.2018JJ1041)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51774332,U1932129,51804350 and51934009)。
文摘Even though biodissolution of chalcopyrite is considered to be one of the key contributors in the formation of acid mine drainage(AMD),there are few studies to control AMD by inhibiting chalcopyrite biodissolution.Therefore,a novel method of using hematite to inhibit chalcopyrite biodissolution was proposed and verified.The results indicated that chalcopyrite biodissolution could be significantly inhibited by hematite,which consequently decreased the formation of AMD.In the presence of hematite,the final biodissolution rate of chalcopyrite decreased from 57.9%to 44.4%at 20 day.This in turn suggested that the formation of AMD was effectively suppressed under such condition.According to the biodissolution results,mineral composition and morphology analyses,and electrochemical analysis,it was shown that hematite promoted the formation and accumulation of passivation substances(jarosite and Cu2-xS)on chalcopyrite surface,thus inhibiting the biodissolution of chalcopyrite and limiting the formation of AMD.
文摘This paper deals with the implementation of the hyperbolic filter algorithm for noise suppression of seismic data. Known the velocity of reflection event, utilizes the resemblance of reflection signal in each seismic trace, the hyperbolic filter algorithm is effective in enhance reflection event and suppress the random noise. This algorithm is used to CDP gathers also is compared with the algorithm of τ-p transform. Simulation shows the hyperbolic filter is effective and better than τ-p transform.
文摘Simulated compounds were prepared by loading K2SO4 onto V2O5/AC catalysts. Study the effect of K2SO4 on V1/AC catalysts in the presence of low concentration SO2. Transient response techniques, TPD was carried out. The results indicated that the DeNO activity of V1/AC catalysts was decreased seriously in the early period of operation, but the deactivation was gradually diminished with SO2 adsorption and then, it was completely eliminated. For the sulphated catalysts (saturated catalysts by sulphate), their SCR activity were free from existence of gaseous SO2. the loss of activity about 10% caused by K2SO4 was found on them. The deactivation of K2SO4 deposited catalysts was due to the decrease of adsorbed and activated NH3, or some acid sites.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31972983,32072487)the Key Technology R&D Program of Zhejiang Province(2021C02006)the Central Public-interest Scientific Institution Basal Research Fund(CPSIBRF-CNRRI-202115).
文摘Invertebrate species are a natural reservoir of viral genetic diversity,and invertebrate pests are widely distributed in crop fields.However,information on viruses infecting invertebrate pests of crops is limited.In this report,we describe the deep metatranscriptomic sequencing of 88 invertebrate samples covering all major invertebrate pests in rice fields.We identified 296 new RNA viruses and 13 known RNA viruses.These viruses clustered within 31 families,with many highly divergent viruses constituting potentially new families and genera.Of the identified viruses,13 RNA viruses clustered within the Fiersviridae family of bacteriophages,and 48 RNA viruses clustered within families and genera of mycoviruses.We detected known rice viruses in novel invertebrate hosts at high abundances.Furthermore,some novel RNA viruses have genome structures closely matching to known plant viruses and clustered within genera of several plant virus species.Fortyfive potential insect pathogenic RNA viruses were detected in invertebrate species.Our analysis revealed that host taxonomy plays a major role and geographical location plays an important role in structuring viral diversity.Cross-species transmission of RNA viruses was detected between invertebrate hosts.Newly identified viral genomes showed extensive variation for invertebrate viral families or genera.Together,the large-scale metatranscriptomic analysis greatly expands our understanding of RNA viruses in rice invertebrate species,the results provide valuable information for developing efficient strategies to manage insect pests and virus-mediated crop diseases.
